HUANG Yi,ZOU Hong-tao,YAN Hong-liang,et al.The Effect on Soil Moisture with the Dose of Deep Placing Corn Straw[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(04):61-63.
玉米秸秆深还剂量对土壤水分的影响
- Title:
- The Effect on Soil Moisture with the Dose of Deep Placing Corn Straw
- Keywords:
- corn straw deep placement; soil moisture; variation trend
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 针对目前秸秆浅旋和直接翻压还田存在的问题，设计了秸秆机械化集中深还田试验，为探讨秸秆集中还田后不同时期的土壤水分分布状况，对不同部位的土壤水分进行了周年监测，结果显示：秸秆集中的部位与玉米播种部位隔开适宜的距离，秸秆还田形成的大孔隙将不会影响玉米的正常生长，秸秆还田的第一年，秸秆处于强吸水阶段，秸秆集中部位的土壤含水量随秸秆剂量的加大而降低、秸秆深还第二年，秸秆仍处于吸水状态，其趋势与第一年类似，但降低的幅度比第一年小；随着秸秆腐解，土壤与秸秆之间的含水量趋近于平衡，其蓄水与供水功能逐渐显现。秸秆深还后土壤水分运动始终处于饱和状态，因此应根据土壤与秸秆的水分状况实施机械化深还，以使秸秆与土壤的水分尽快融合，真正达到保水保肥的目的。
- Abstract:
- In view of the problems of returning corn straw to the field by shallow rotary tilling and plowing under top soil directly, the experiment of corn straw central deep placing by machinery was conducted. In order to approach the soil moisture distribution status in different period, the soil moisture at different layer was monitored by TDR. The results showed that the large pore space have no effect upon corn seedling growth for having a proper distance between straw and seedling. The corn straw is in strongly absorbing water stage in the first year, the soil moisture at the position deep placing corn straw is decreasing with the increase of application dose. In the second year, the corn straw is also in absorbing water stage. The variation trend is similar to the first year, but the extent is less than the first year. The water content is being equilibrium between soil and corn straw by straw decomposition. The function for holding water and supplying water of corn straw in soil has been being appeared gradually. The soil moisture has always been unsaturated, therefore, the corn straw central deep placing by machinery must be on time and based on the moisture status of soil and corn straw, so as to blending through the water between the soil and straw and attaining the goal of holding water and fertilizer.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-02-25;改回日期:2013-05-10。
基金项目:农业部行业专项资金项目”北方主要作物抗旱节水综合技术研究与区域示范”（200903007-8）
作者简介:黄毅(1956-),男,辽宁朝阳人,研究员,主要从事旱作农业、水土保持、水资源与农业节水方面的研究。E-mail:emhuangyi@163.com