[1]徐勇,马定国,郭腾云.黄土高原生态退耕政策实施效果及对农民生计的影响[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(05):255-258.
　XU Yong,MA Ding-guo,GUO Teng-yun.Effects of Actualized Ecological De-farming Policy and Its Influences on Farmer’s Livelihood in the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):255-258.
点击复制

黄土高原生态退耕政策实施效果及对农民生计的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 13 期数: 2006年05期 页码: 255-258 栏目: 出版日期: 1900-01-01
Title:
Effects of Actualized Ecological De-farming Policy and Its Influences on Farmer’s Livelihood in the Loess Plateau
作者:
徐勇1, 马定国1,2, 郭腾云1
1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京, 100101;
2. 江西师范大学地理与环境学院, 南昌, 330027
Author(s):
XU Yong1, MA Ding-guo1,2, GUO Teng-yun1
1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China;
2. School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330027, China
关键词:
生态退耕政策; 效果; 农民生计; 农户调查; 黄土高原
Keywords:
ecological de-farming policy; effect; farmer’s livelihood; farm household survey; Loess Plateau
分类号:
X171.1
摘要:
鉴于国家把退耕政策作为推动黄土高原生态环境恢复的关键举措,以宝塔区和安塞县为案例区域,采用农户问卷调查方法,分析了近年来的退耕状况以及退耕政策对农民生计的影响.结果表明:被调查农户人均退耕坡地0.205hm2,退耕指数达79.21%;2003年79农户因退耕导致的粮食减产量人均7kg,得到政府补贴人均171元;退耕补贴对贫困农户的影响程度较大,停止退耕补贴后存在反垦可能性.2003年被调查农户人均现金收入192元,主要来源于外出打工、卖粮菜、退耕补贴、卖畜禽产品和做小生意等.未来几年,能获得稳定收入且报酬相对较高的行业是农民谋生的首选,有资金积累或一定技能的农户正在将生计转向高附加值农业或第三产业.
Abstract:
Based on having been actualized de-farming policy in Loess Plateau since 2000,taking Baota district and Ansai county as study cases,the effects of actualized de-farming policy and its influences on farmer’s livelihood in past four years were analyzed by using the data from farmer household survey in 2004.The results showed as follows:(1) the de-farming index of 479 investigated farm households is 79.21% with per capita area of de-farming slope farmland of 0.205 hm2,per capita grain yield loss resulted from de-farming slope farmland of 74 kg and per capita allowance of 171 yuan from the government in 2003;(2) the de-farming allowance from the government has a bigger influence on a poor household,and if an allowance from the government would be stopped,the re-exploitation of partly de-farmed slope farmland is possible;(3) in 2003,per capita cash income of 479 investigated farm households is 1 492 yuan,and its sources mainly from floating employment,selling grain and greenstuff,de-farming allowance,selling products of domestic livestock and poultry and dealing dicker etc.;(4) in a few coming years,those employments of stable and higher earning will be firstly selected by farmers,and high expected value agriculture or rural commerce are going to become the leading livelihood of a good few farmers with some fund or skill.

参考文献/References:

[1] 钱征寒,倪晋仁,薛安.黄河断流严重程度分级与判别方法[J].地理学报,2001,56(6):691-699.
[2] 刘昌明,成立.黄河干流下游的断流序列分析[J].地理学报,2000,55(3):257-264.
[3] 唐克丽,张科利,雷阿林.黄土丘陵区退耕上限坡度的研究论证[J].科学通报,1998,43(2):200-203.
[4] 陈利顶,傅伯杰,Ingmar Messing.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型小流域土地持续利用案例研究[J].地理研究,2001,20(6):713-722.
[5] 李鹏,李占斌,郑良勇.黄土陡坡径流侵蚀产沙特性室内实验研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7):42-45.
[6] Li Xiaojian,Jim Peterson,Liu Gangjun et al.Assessing regional sustainability:the case of land use and land cover change in the middle Yiluo catchment of the Yellow River Basin[J].Applied Geography,2001,21(1):87-106.
[7] Xu Yong,Guo Tengyun,Yang Guoan.A comparison between different ecological de-farming modes in the Loess Hilly-gully region in China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2005,15(1):53-60.
[8] 徐勇,甘国辉,王志强.基于WIN-YIELD软件的黄土丘陵区作物产量地形分异模拟[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7):61-64.
[9] 田均良,刘普灵,张翼.治理水土流失再造山川秀美延安-对中尺度生态环境建设中落实朱总理指示的认识和思考[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(2):4-9.
[10] 彭文英,张科利,李双才.黄土高原退耕还林(草)紧迫性地域分级论证[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(4):438-443.
[11] 田均良,梁一民,刘普灵.黄土高原丘陵区中尺度生态农业建设探索[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2003.243-269.
[12] 延安地区农业区划委员会.陕西省延安地区农业区划报告[Z].1987.78-94.
[13] 刘胤汉.关于陕西省自然地带的划分[J].地理学报,1980,35(3):210-218.
[14] 徐勇,韩国义.黄土丘陵区生态农业建设效益评价指标体系初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(4):139-143.
[15] 吴寒光.我国小康生活水平的测量尺度与标准[J].中国人口·资源与环境,1995,5(2):57-61.

相似文献/References:

[1]蔺建铭,李志刚.探析存在问题 提高执法效果──准格尔旗水土保持监督执法工作存在问题探析[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(03):16.
　Lin Jianming,Li Zhigang.Survey the Existed Problems and Improve the Executive Law Effects──Analysis of Problems in the Process of the Executive Law of Soil and Water Conservation in Zhungeer County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(05):16.
[2]刘艳华,宋乃平,陶燕格,等.宁夏原州区退耕还林总体规划的实施效果评估[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(05):180.
　LIU Yan-hua,SONG Nai-ping,TAO Yan-ge,et al.The Implementary Effect Assessment of Conversion of Cropland to Forest and Grassland General Planning in Ningxia Yuanzhou District[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):180.
[3]张力,王树.生态垫在龙庆峡荒滩植被恢复和重建中应用效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):365.
　ZHANG Li,WNAG Shu.The Efect of Applying the Eco-mat to the Vegetation Restoration and Rehabilitation in Longqingxia Wasteland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):365.
[4]纪晓玲,岳鹏鹏,张静,等.绿豆不同覆膜方式高效栽培技术效果初探[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(03):149.
　JI Xiao-ling,YUE Peng-peng,ZHAN Jing,et al.Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Effective Culture Technique of Mung Bean[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(05):149.
[5]张岁岐,孙纪斌,山仑.冬小麦使用旱宝Ⅰ号与微肥混合拌种的节水增产效果研究[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(01):83.
　Zhang Suiqi,Sun Jibin,Shan Lun.Study on Water Saving and Increasing Yield Effect of Winter Wheat Seed Dressing by Mixture Agent of Hanbao Ⅰ and Micro-fertilizer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1999,6(05):83.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2006-4-2。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40371051);国家973计划项目(2006CB400505)
作者简介:徐勇(1964- ),男,陕西榆林人,研究员,博士,主要从事农业与乡村发展、土地利用及人地关系等领域的科研工作.

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01