Hou Xilu,Bai Gangshuan,Cao qingyu.Study on Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation of Forest and Its Mechanism in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(02):98-103.
黄土丘陵区森林保持水土效益及其机理的研究
- Title:
- Study on Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation of Forest and Its Mechanism in Loess Hilly Region
- Keywords:
- forest; benefits of soil and water conservation; mechanism
- 摘要:
- 刺槐、柠条、沙棘、沙棘×油松、沙棘×小叶杨幼林到郁闭成林的蓄水保土效益变化分3个阶段。1～3年生为低下阶段，有侵蚀性降雨就会发生水土流失；4年生为由低到高的过渡阶段，蓄水保土效益迅速增加，5年生以上为效益显着阶段。一般在无大暴雨情况下基本不发生水土流失，且60%的林分覆盖度对减少土壤侵蚀量的作用显着。各郁闭成林的枯落物蓄积量和容水量以沙棘及其混交林最多，刺槐林中等，柠条林最少。并且枯落物的厚度是增强土壤抗冲性效应的重要指标。同时森林改善了土壤物理性质，使土壤容重变小，入渗和抗冲性增强。
- Abstract:
- Abstract Three stages have been divided to benefits of soil and water conservation f.om thicket to cover-overheaded of Robinia pseudoacacia,Caragana microphylla,Hippohae rhamnoides,Hippophae rhamnoides and Pines tabulaefomis,Hippophae rhamnoides and Populus simonii carr.Benefits of soil and water conservation is low in 1-3 year and during this period soil and water loss will be occured if there have erosive rainfall.In 4 year its benefits of soil and water conservation increase rapidly. The period over 5 year is the one which benefit is very significent.There is no erosion occured if there have no heavy storm and the forest coverage of 60% has important role to reduce soil loss amount.The accumulated litter amount and holding water capacity among all cover-overheaded forests,Hippophae rhamnoides and its mixed forests are highest,Robinia pseudoacciais medium,and Caragana microphylla is lowest,An important index of improving soil anti-scourability is thickness of litter.Meanwhile, forest can improve soil physical properties,decrease soil density, and increase soil infiltration and anti-scourability.
参考文献/References:
[1] 汪有科等.林地枯落物抗冲试验.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所集刊, 第14集, 1991.59-61
[2] 侯喜禄等.陕北黄土区不同森林类型水土保持效益的研究.西北林学院学报, 第2期, 1984, 22
[3] 吴钦孝等.油松、山杨林枯枝落叶层蓄积动态的研究.中国科学院水利部西北水土保持研究所集刊, 第14集, 1991, 53-54
[4] 侯喜禄等.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要水保林类型及草地水保效益的研究.中国科学院水利部西北水土保持研究所集刊, 第 14集, 1991, 99-100
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:1995-11-10;改回日期:。