Zhang Chengbo,Zhang Shaoliang,Feng Lanqian,et al.Response of fractal characteristics of various soil particle types to wind erosion in a typical wind erosion area of western Northeast China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(06):57-67.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.06.010]
东北的西部典型风蚀区各类型土壤颗粒分形特征对风蚀的响应
- Title:
- Response of fractal characteristics of various soil particle types to wind erosion in a typical wind erosion area of western Northeast China
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）06-0057-11
- Keywords:
- soil types; soil particle composition; fractal dimension; soil wind erosion; wind erosion area of Northeast China
- 分类号:
- S812.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的] 探明东北黑土区不同类型土壤颗粒特征对风蚀响应机制，为风蚀区土壤保护提供科学依据。[方法] 以我国东北的西部风蚀带的典型区（5 800 km2）为研究对象，全区域随机布设122个样点，覆盖了风沙土、草甸土、黑钙土、盐碱土4种土壤类型，分0—20 cm，20—30 cm层采集土壤样品。利用土壤体积分形维数表征土壤颗粒综合分布特征，利用RWEQ模型估算土壤的风蚀模数，野外调查结合遥感影像获取环境因子，综合研究土壤颗粒分形特征对风蚀的响应。[结果]（1）表层土壤的<50 μm颗粒含量在一定程度上可以反映历史上土壤的受风蚀影响程度。黑钙土的<50 μm颗粒体积百分含量最高（75.45%），受风蚀影响程度较低；而风沙土的<50 μm颗粒含量最低（52.64%），受风蚀影响最大。（2）风沙土的植被覆盖较低（67.43%），对风蚀最敏感；盐碱土植被覆盖度相对最高（75.46%），对风蚀的敏感性最弱。（3）风蚀导致土壤表层分形维数降低，土壤颗粒的复杂性和稳定性下降，进而降低了犁底层土壤的分形维数。（4）当植被覆盖和土壤水分下降时，土壤分形维数较高的盐碱土和黑钙土，发生风蚀的危险性越高。[结论] 不同类型土壤颗粒分形特征对风蚀的响应存在差异，利用土壤分形维数可以很好地反映历史上研究区土壤风蚀危险性及受风蚀的影响程度。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] To clarify the response mechanism of different types of soil particle characteristics to wind erosion in the black soil region of Northeast China, and provide a scientific basis for soil conservation in wind erosion areas. [Methods] A typical area in the wind erosion belt of western Northeast China(5 800 km2) was taken as the research object. A total of 122 sampling points were randomly set across the entire area, covering four soil types： aeolian sandy soil, meadow soil, chernozem, and saline-alkali soil, and soil samples were collected from the 0—20 cm and 20—30 cm layers. The soil volume fractal dimension was used to characterize the comprehensive distribution features of soil particles. The wind erosion modulus was estimated using the revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ) model. Environmental factors were obtained by combining field surveys with remote sensing images to comprehensively analyze the response of soil particle fractal characteristics to wind erosion. [Results](1) The content of particles smaller than 50 μm in the surface soil could to some extent reflect the impact degree of wind erosion on the soil in the past. Chernozem had the highest volume percentage of particles smaller than 50 μm(75.45%), indicating a relatively low degree of wind erosion impact, while aeolian sandy soil had the lowest content of particles smaller than 50 μm(52.64%), indicating the greatest degree of wind erosion impact.(2) Aeolian sandy soil had a relatively low vegetation coverage(67.43%) and was the most sensitive to wind erosion. Saline-alkali soil had the highest vegetation coverage(75.46%) and the weakest sensitivity to wind erosion.(3) Wind erosion decreased the fractal dimension of the soil surface layer, reducing the complexity and stability of soil particles, which further reduced the fractal dimension of the plow pan soil.(4) When vegetation coverage and soil moisture decreased, saline-alkali soil and chernozem with higher soil fractal dimension faced a higher risk of wind erosion. [Conclusion] Different types of soil particle fractal characteristics respond differently to wind erosion. The soil fractal dimension can well reflect the past wind erosion risk and the degree of wind erosion impact on soil in the study area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-12-28 修回日期：2025-03-11 接受日期：2025-03-12
资助项目：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合基金重点项目“黑土侵蚀沟防蚀增效植物覆被模式构建和配套施肥技术研究”（ZL2024D001）
第一作者：张成博（2000—），男，河北邢台人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤侵蚀对土壤质量影响机制的研究。E-mail：zhangchengbo0112@163.com
通信作者：张少良（1980—），男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，博士，教授，主要从事黑土农田物质转化和迁移过程与调控研究。E-mail： shaoliang.zhang@neau.edu.cn