Hu Yunzhe,Zhang Xuexia,Zhang Xiaojie,et al.Analysis on spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors of water yield in Zoige Plateau from 2000 to 2020[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(05):224-233.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.05.018]
2000—2020年若尔盖高原产水量时空变化与影响因素
- Title:
- Analysis on spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors of water yield in Zoige Plateau from 2000 to 2020
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）05-0224-10
- Keywords:
- water yield; spatiotemporal variation; InVEST model; landscape evolution function; Zoige Plateau
- 分类号:
- X171.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的] 分析若尔盖高原产水量的时空变化特征，厘清其主控因素，为区域水资源管理提供新的科学依据。[方法] 基于土地利用以及气候、土壤、地形等数据，运用InVEST模型估算若尔盖高原年产水能力，分析其2000—2020年时空变化特征，同时运用Theil-Sen趋势分析和Mann-Kendall显著性检验判读年产水量的变化趋势，结合湿地景观演变函数重点分析了不同湿地景观变化类型下产水量的变化特征，并解析年产水量的影响因素。[结果]（1）2000—2020年若尔盖高原多年平均产水量为183.62 mm，不同土地利用类型的产水能力各异，从大到小依次为未利用地（601.63mm）>建设用地（488.74 mm）>草地（192.85 mm）>耕地（188.30 mm）>湿地（122.67 mm）>林地（108.64 mm），多年平均产水总量为77.98×108 m3，其中草地贡献了产水总量的75.63%。全区域产水量呈现“西高—北低—边缘高—中心低”的分布格局。（2）近21年研究区年产水总量增长率达2.48×108 m3/a，其中68.40%的区域年产水量显著或极显著增加。湿地景观变化类型中稳定型（39.75%）和恢复型（34.38%）面积占比最大，恢复型湿地对产水量的提升贡献较大，稳定型湿地有助于维持产水功能，退化型仅占25.41%。（3）区域产水量的空间格局主要受降水量和蒸散量驱动，同时受到根系深度、海拔以及植物可利用含水量等因素影响。[结论] 若尔盖高原的产水能力呈显著上升趋势，气候变化起主导作用，湿地景观演变的影响也不容忽视。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal variations of water yield in the Zoige Plateau, identify the dominant controlling factors, and provide new scientific insights for the optimization of regional water resource management. [Methods] Based on data related to land use, climate, soil, and topography, the InVEST model was applied to estimate the annual water yield capacity of the Zoige Plateau and analyze its spatiotemporal changes from 2000 to 2020. The Theil-Sen trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance tests were employed to interpret the trends in annual water yield. Combined with the wetland landscape evolution function, the study focused on analyzing water yield changes under different wetland landscape change types and examined the influencing factors of annual water yield. [Results](1) From 2000 to 2020, the average annual water yield of the Zoige Plateau was 183.62 mm. The water yield capacities varied among different land use types, in descending order: unused land (601.63 mm)>construction land (488.74 mm)>grassland (192.85 mm)>cropland(188.30 mm)>wetland(122.67 mm)>forest land(108.64 mm). The average total annual water yield was 7.798×109 m3, with grassland contributing 75.63% of the total. The spatial distribution of water yield exhibited a pattern of higher values in the west and peripheral areas, and lower values in the north and central regions.(2) Over the past 21 years, the annual water yield increased at a rate of 2.48×108 m3 per year, with 68.40% of the area experiencing significant or highly significant increases in annual water yield. Among the wetland landscape change types, the stable type(39.75%) and the restoration type(34.38%) accounted for the largest areas. The restoration-type wetlands contributed significantly to water yield improvement, while stable wetlands helped maintain water yield functionality, and degraded wetlands only constituted 25.41% of the area. (3) The spatial pattern of regional water yield was mainly driven by precipitation and evapotranspiration, along with factors such as root depth, altitude, and plant available water content. [Conclusions] The water yield capacity of the Zoige Plateau showed a significant upward trend, primarily driven by climate change, with the impact of wetland landscape evolution also playing a crucial role.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-10-11 修回日期：2024-11-28 接受日期：2024-12-22
资助项目：国家自然科学基金（42230714，U2243202）
第一作者：胡韵哲（2000—），女，安徽黄山人，硕士研究生，研究方向：生态环境遥感。E-mail：yunzhehuu@163.com
通信作者：张学霞（1975—），女，山东临沂人，博士，教授，研究方向：生态环境遥感。E-mail：zhangxuexia@bjfu.edu.cn