云龙水库流域不同土地利用类型对径流的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 32 期数: 2025年05期页码: 87-94 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-10-10

Title:: Effect of different land use types on runoff in Yunlong Reservoir Basin

文章编号:: 1005-3409（2025）05-0087-08

作者:: 罗德荣，邹进，郭耀辉，罗国模，胡玉泓; （昆明理工大学电力工程学院，昆明 650500）

Author(s):: Luo Derong, Zou Jin, Guo Yaohui, Luo Guomo, Hu Yuhong; (Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

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分类号:: P333

DOI:: 10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.05.015

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: [目的] 揭示云龙水库流域不同土地利用类型对径流总量及年内分配的影响，为该水源地的土地利用规划提供科学依据。[方法] 以云龙水库流域为研究区，分析该区域1990—2020年的土地利用变化特征；基于SWAT模型，通过设置极端土地利用情景，探明在极端土地利用情景下径流的情况；分别将坡度为6°，15°和25°以上的耕地逐步进行退耕还林，了解在研究区内实行退耕还林政策下径流的情况。[结果] 云龙水库流域的土地利用类型以耕地、林地和草地为主；不同土地利用类型对年径流总量的影响程度为耕地>林地>草地，耕地的面积变化与年径流总量变化呈正相关，林地和草地呈负相关；林地和草地对径流有一定的调节作用，林地的调节作用强于草地，这种调节是季节性的，主要体现在丰水期削减径流，而枯水期反而使径流量增大；在研究区内，随着退耕还林力度的加大，流域内的年径流总量逐步减小，径流在年内分配更加均匀。[结论] 在对云龙水库流域这一重要水源地的土地利用进行规划时，考虑到林地的水土保持能力和对径流的调控作用，可以以维持林地面积、提高林地质量为基础，同时适当采取退耕还林的措施。

Abstract:: [Objective] The effects of different land use types on the total runoff and annual distribution in Yunlong Reservoir watershed were revealed. providing a scientific basis for land use planning of the water source area. [Methods] Taking the Yunlong Reservoir Basin as the study area, the characteristics of land use changes in this area from 1990 to 2020 were analyzed. Based on the SWAT model, exploring the runoff under extreme land use scenarios. Cropland with slopes of 6°, 15° and above 25° were gradually converted into forestland to evaluate the runoff under reforestation policies in the study area. [Results] The dominant land use types in the Yunlong Reservoir Basin were cropland, forestland, and grassland. The effect levels of different land use types on total annual runoff followed the order of cropland > forestland > grassland. The variation in cropland area showed a positive correlation with total annual runoff, while variations in forestland and grassland areas exhibited negative correlations. Both forestland and grassland regulated runoff, with forestland showing a stronger effect. This regulation was seasonal, which was mainly reflected in the reduction of runoff during the wet season, while the runoff increased during the dry season. With increasing reforestation efforts in the study area, the total annual runoff in the basin gradually decreased, and the runoff became more evenly distributed throughout the year. [Conclusion] When planning the land use of Yunlong Reservoir Basin as an important water source area, it is advisable to maintain the existing forestland area and improve its quality as a foundation, considering its role in soil and water conservation and runoff regulation. Additionally, appropriate reforestation measures should be implemented.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-10