Wang Hanruo,Liu Yuanhao,Wang Fei,et al.Quantitative comparison of rainfall erosivity in northern Shaanxi based on different rainfall data[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(05):80-86.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.05.013]
基于不同降雨资料的陕北降雨侵蚀力定量比较
- Title:
- Quantitative comparison of rainfall erosivity in northern Shaanxi based on different rainfall data
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）05-0080-07
- 分类号:
- S157
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的] 探讨半月模型在陕北地区的适用性，为准确揭示降雨侵蚀力空间分布特征及模型优化提供科学参考和理论依据。[方法] 使用陕北地区延安和榆林市25个气象站2017—2020年记录的降雨数据，以Wischmeier等提出的经典模型为基准计算了降雨侵蚀力，和目前被广泛应用的章文波等提出的半月模型进行了比较，对二者的差异进行了统计分析和空间分析。[结果]（1）侵蚀性降雨量表现为经典模型大于半月模型，其中差异主要集中在夏季的7—8月。年均侵蚀性降雨量差异最大值位于陕北南部的洛川县，差异为63.5 mm。（2）两模型计算的降雨侵蚀力差异均表现为半月模型大于经典模型，相对偏差分布在34%~190%，均值为88%。（3）年均降雨侵蚀力差异在研究区内呈现自西向东先减小再增加的趋势。[结论] 半月模型在陕北地区的适用性较差，两模型差异主要是由于降雨事件划分标准不同，经典模型基于次降雨，而半月模型基于日降雨；模型参数选取对模型结果也具有重要影响。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] Exploring the applicability of the half-monthly model in the Northern Shaanxi region, this study aims to provide scientific basis and theoretical foundation for accurately characterizing the spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall erosivity and optimizing relevant models. [Methods] Using rainfall data recorded at 25 meteorological stations in Yan'an and Yulin cities of northern Shaanxi Province from 2017 to 2020, the rainfall erosivity was calculated based on the classical model proposed by Wischmeier et al. as the benchmark, and compared with the widely applied semi-monthly model proposed by Zhang Wenbo et al. Statistical and spatial analyses were conducted to examine the differences between the two models. [Results](1) The erosive rainfall was found to be higher when calculated using the classical model compared to the semi-monthly model, with differences mainly concentrated in July and August during summer. The maximum annual average difference in erosive rainfall was observed in Luochuan County, southern part of northern Shaanxi, amounting to 63.5 mm.(2) The difference in rainfall erosivity calculated by the two models showed that the semi-monthly model yielded higher values than the classical model, with the relative deviation ranging from 34% to 190% and an average of 88%.(3) The annual average difference in rainfall erosivity exhibited a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing from west to east in the study area. [Conclusion] The semi-monthly model demonstrates poor applicability in northern Shaanxi. The differences between the two models are primarily attributed to the different criteria for rainfall event classification. The classical model is based on secondary rainfall, while the semi-monthly model is based on daily rainfall. Furthermore, the model results are significantly influenced by the selection of model parameters.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-12-04 修回日期：2025-01-13 接受日期：2025-01-30
资助项目：国家自然科学基金（42177344）；黄河水科学研究联合资助项目（U2243213）
第一作者：王瀚若（2000—），男，陕西西安人，硕士研究生，研究方向为水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail：jindou@nwafu.edu.cn
通信作者：王飞（1971—），男，陕西西安人，博士，研究员，主要从事水土保持环境效应评价与流域综合管理研究。E-mail：wafe@ms.iswc.ac.cn