Wang Jun,Liang Wandong,Luo Feixue,et al.Effects of 5-year temporary conversion of paddy fields to turfgrass fields on soil physical properties[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(04):117-123,130.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.04.006]
水稻田临时转换草皮田5年对土壤物理性质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of 5-year temporary conversion of paddy fields to turfgrass fields on soil physical properties
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）04-0117-07
- Keywords:
- non-grain; paddy fields; turfgrass; paddy soil; soil water-holding capacity; soil stability
- 分类号:
- S153
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究水稻田转换为草皮田对土壤物理性质的影响，阐明土壤退化影响机制，进而为退化草皮田的复垦和改良提供科学依据。[方法]选取湘东长期植稻的河砂泥田以及毗邻的、临时（5a）转换的草皮田作为研究对象，结合野外采样、室内分析和模拟试验，研究了土壤物理性质对水田临时改植草皮的响应规律。[结果]（1）水稻田转换为草皮田，耕作层迅速浅化，平均厚度减少约11cm，犁底层出露；0—15cm表土砂粒含量降低30%~63%，黏粒含量升高16%~21%（p<0.05），土壤质地由壤土转向粉砂质黏壤土，呈黏化趋势。（2）与水稻田相比，草皮田0—15cm和15—30cm土壤容重、紧实度高出15%~80%；土壤持水量低出40%~55%，而土壤可蚀性KEPIC值高出4.2%~8.5%（p<0.05）；表土渗透速率只及毗邻水稻田的2%。（3）草皮田土壤>2mm大团聚体含量、团聚体稳定性指数（STAB10）比水稻田高出16%~43%，而小团聚体、微团聚体和粉-黏颗粒含量低出17%~64%（p<0.05）。土壤结构由团粒状向块状、整块状发展。（4）草皮田土壤模拟淹水15d后，表土紧实度降低75%~76%，而体积含水量增加49%~53%（p<0.05）。[结论]水稻田临时转为草皮田导致土体坚实化，结构劣化，质地黏化，持水性能降低。草皮田持续淹水3~5d显著改善表土松紧度和水分状况，推荐应用于修复过度紧实和水分不足的草皮田土壤。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] This study aims to explore the effects of converting paddy fields to turfgrass fields on soil physical properties, to clarify the mechanism of soil degradation, so as to provide a scientific basis for the reclamation and improvement of degraded turfgrass fields. [Methods] Using long-term rice-planted river sand clay fields in the eastern part of Hunan Province and the adjacent turfgrass fields temporarily converted for 5 years as research subjects, the study explored the response of soil physical properties to the temporary conversion of paddy fields to turfgrass by combining field sampling, experimental analysis, and simulation. [Results](1) Conversion from paddy fields to turfgrass fields caused a rapid reduction in the plow layer thickness, with an average decrease of about 11 cm, exposing the plow layer. The sand content in the 0—15 cm surface layer decreased by 30%~63%, whereas the clay content increased by 16%~21%(p<0.05). The soil texture shifted from loam to sandy clay loam, showing a trend of becoming more clayey.(2) Compared with paddy fields, the bulk density and compactness of the soil in turfgrass fields at 0—15 cm and 15—30 cm were 15%~80% higher. Soil water-holding capacity was 40%~55% lower, while soil erodibility index(KEPIC value) increased by 4.2%~8.5%(p<0.05). The infiltration rate of the surface soil was only 2% of that in the adjacent paddy fields.(3) The content of >2 mm large aggregates and the aggregate stability index(STAB10) in turfgrass field soil was 16%~43% higher than in paddy soils, while the content of small aggregates, micro-aggregates, and silt-clay particles was 17%~64% lower(p<0.05). Soil structure evolved from granular to blocky and massive.(4) After simulating 15 days of soil flooding in turfgrass soils, surface soil compactness decreased by 75%~76%, while volume water content increased by 49%~53%(p<0.05). [Conclusion] The temporary conversion of paddy fields to turfgrass fields resulted in soil compaction, structural deterioration, clayey texture, and reduced water-holding capacity. Continuous flooding for 3~5 days in turfgrass fields significantly improved the surface soil looseness and moisture conditions. This approach is recommended for restoring over-compacted and moisture-deficient turfgrass field soils.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-09-24 修回日期：2024-10-20 接受日期：2024-10-30
资助项目：湖南省重点研发计划项目（2023NK2026）；国家自然科学基金（41571234）；科技基础资源调查专项课题（2021FY100504）
第一作者：王俊（2000—），男，湖南岳阳人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向为土地转换与土壤健康。E-mail：18182032815@139.com
通信作者：盛浩（1982—），男，湖南长沙人，博士，教授，主要从事土壤资源利用与环境研究。E-mail：shenghao82@hunau.edu.cn