Ge Wenke,Wang Haoyang,Li Qifeng,et al.Evolution characteristics and driving factors of farmland landscape fragmentation in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(03):260-269.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.03.024]
新疆耕地景观细碎化演变特征及驱动因素
- Title:
- Evolution characteristics and driving factors of farmland landscape fragmentation in Xinjiang
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）03-0260-10
- 分类号:
- F301.21
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]厘清新疆耕地景观细碎化的时空演进特征及其驱动因素，为新疆优化区域耕地资源配置，促进耕地规模化利用提供理论依据。[方法]基于1980—2020年5期土地利用数据，借助GIS方法从景观格局视角测度新疆耕地细碎化情况，并利用地理探测器探讨其驱动因素。[结果]新疆耕地景观细碎化程度较高，但总体呈现减弱态势。研究期内耕地景观细碎化指数共减少4.00%，细碎化水平为中等、较高及高水平的县域减少13.67%，1.29%，4.22%；低、较低水平的县域增加7.13%，12.25%。不同时段景观细碎化变化特征有较大差异，1990—2010年是耕地细碎化程度减弱最显著的时段，呈现变化率大、涉及维度广、影响县域多等特点。景观细碎化趋势空间分布显著，增强趋势集中在昆仑山北侧和吐鲁番盆地附近的县域，减弱趋势则集中在天山南、北坡和塔里木盆地西北边缘绿洲附近的县域。景观细碎化程度主要受坡度、到建设用地的距离、到水域的距离及高程等驱动因子的共同作用。[结论]近40年，新疆耕地细碎化问题得到一定改善，但县域间细碎化程度存在较大差异，应进一步结合地形和区位条件因地制宜地加强耕地细碎化综合治理，以推动新疆耕地资源的规模化发展和可持续利用。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] This study aims to examine the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of farmland landscape fragmentation in Xinjiang, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing regional farmland resource allocation and promoting large-scale use of farmland in Xinjiang. [Methods] Based on the land use data of five periods from 1980 to 2020, GIS methods were used to measure the fragmentation of farmland landscapes in Xinjiang from a landscape pattern perspective. Additionally, geographic detectors were employed to explore the driving factors of fragmentation. [Results] The degree of farmland landscape fragmentation in Xinjiang was relatively high, but it generally showed a decreasing trend. During the study period, the farmland landscape fragmentation index decreased by 4.00%, with counties at moderate, high, and very high fragmentation levels decreasing by 13.67%, 1.29% and 4.22%, respectively. In contrast, counties at low and relatively low fragmentation levels increased by 7.13% and 12.25%. The change characteristics of landscape fragmentation varied significantly over different periods. From 1990 to 2010, the degree of farmland fragmentation decreased most significantly, with large changes, a wide range of dimensions, and a broad impact across counties. The spatial distribution of landscape fragmentation trends was significant： the increasing fragmentation trend concentrated in counties north of the Kunlun Mountains and near the Turpan Basin, while the decreasing trend was mainly concentrated in counties on the southern and northern slopes of Tianshan Mountains and the northwestern edge of the Tarim Basin oases. The degree of landscape fragmentation was mainly influenced by a combination of factors such as slope, distance to built-up land, distance to water and elevation. [Conclusion] Over the past 40 years, farmland fragmentation in Xinjiang has improved to some extent, but significant differences in fragmentation levels remain across counties. It is necessary to further strengthen the regional-specific comprehensive management of farmland fragmentation, taking into account topography and location, to promote the large-scale development and sustainable utilization of farmland resources in Xinjiang.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-07-02 修回日期：2024-07-23 接受日期：2024-08-03
资助项目：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目（2022D01A82）；新疆社会科学基金项目（21BGL099）
第一作者：各文克（2000—），男，河南商水人，硕士研究生，研究方向为耕地空间格局演变及耕地细碎化评价。E-mail：gewink@126.com
通信作者：张蚌蚌（1990—），男，河南太康人，副教授，主要从事耕地质量与土地评价、耕地细碎化整治与乡村振兴研究。E-mail：bangbang.zhang@nwafu.edu.cn