Wu Jiayi,Chu Jianguo,Zhan Jingxin.Spatial pattern of characteristic villages and its controlling factors in the Yellow River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(02):305-315.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.02.017]
黄河流域特色乡村空间格局特征及主控因素分析
- Title:
- Spatial pattern of characteristic villages and its controlling factors in the Yellow River Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)02-0305-11
- 分类号:
- K901
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]精准刻画黄河流域特色乡村资源空间格局,揭示其影响因素,为区域特色乡村集群化开发和协同利用提供科学参考。[方法]以黄河流域传统村落、民族村寨、旅游重点村、历史文化名村和森林乡村5类国家级乡村为研究对象,采用最近邻指数、核密度估计、标准差椭圆等方法对特色乡村的空间分布方向、密度、特征进行分析,并运用地理探测器解析其影响因素。[结果](1)黄河流域特色乡村嵌套交错,整体呈“东南密集,西北稀疏”的空间格局。(2)各类特色乡村空间异质性显著。传统村落高密度分布区表现为“一核多点”式空间特征,即以晋为“核”,“多点”分别为豫、鲁、青、晋陕交界等地; 森林乡村呈“带状”集聚在豫鲁全境、陕南、晋西一带; 民族村寨主要分布在青、宁、蒙等少数民族聚居地; 乡村旅游重点村高密度区呈多核心状,散布在黄河流域的中东部; 历史文化名村主要簇拥在晋中和晋南地区。(3)不同类型特色乡村的主控因子存在明显差异。[结论]黄河流域特色乡村的空间分异特征是多种因素共同作用的结果。地形地貌、气候、水文等自然环境因素是基础因素,人口、交通、经济发展水平等社会经济因素是主导因素,生态环境因素是直接影响因素。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]This study aims to precisely characterize the spatial pattern of characteristic villages in the Yellow River Basin, to reveal the influencing factors, and to provide scientific references for the clustered development and collaborative utilization. [Methods]Five types of traditional villages, ethnic villages, key tourism villages, historical and cultural villages and forest villages in the Yellow River Basin were taken as research objects. Methods such as nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, and standard deviation ellipse were used to analyze the spatial distribution direction, density, and characteristics of the characteristic villages. The spatial distribution direction, density, and attributes of characteristic villages were analyzed using methods such as the nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, and standard deviation ellipse. Moreover, the geographical detector was used to evaluate their influencing factors. [Results](1)Characteristic villages in the Yellow River Basin were interwoven, exhibiting an overarching spatial pattern of ‘dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest'.(2)The spatial heterogeneity of various types of characteristic villages was significant. Traditional villages exhibited a high-density distribution characterized by a spatial pattern:‘one core, multiple points', with Shanxi as the ‘core' and the ‘multiple points' located in Henan, Shandong, Qinghai and the border between Shanxi and Shaanxi. Forest villages displayed a ‘belt-like' aggregation, concentrated throughout Henan and Shandong, southern Shaanxi, and western Shanxi. Ethnic villages were predominantly located in areas inhabited by minority groups such as Qinghai, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. High-density areas of key tourism villages manifested a multi-cores structure, dispersed across the central and eastern parts of the Yellow River Basin. Historical and cultural villages were primarily clustered in the central and southern regions of Shanxi.(3)The controlling factors for different types of characteristic villages exhibited significant variation. [Conclusion]The spatial pattern of characteristic villages in the Yellow River Basin is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors. Natural environmental factors such as topography, climate, and hydrology serve as the fundamental factors. Socio-economic factors such as population, transportation, and economic development are the dominant factors, while ecological environmental factors are the direct influencing factors.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-06-09 修回日期:2024-06-25 接受日期:2024-07-15
资助项目:成都市哲学社会科学重点研究基地成都历史与成都文献研究中心项目(CLWX2024012); 国家社会科学基金(22BGL013)
第一作者:吴佳倚(1996—),男,四川遂宁人,博士生,研究方向为区域发展。E-mail:wjy6317@163.com
通信作者:储建国(1971—),男,安徽潜山人,博士,教授,主要从事国家安全研究。E-mail:chujianguo@dlmu.edu.cn