Chen Shiyuan,Ma Lan,Chen Peiyan.Characteristics of aggregates with different particle sizes and their effects on slope erosion process in the rocky mountainous area of north China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(02):102-110,139.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.02.008]
北方土石山区不同粒径团聚体特征及其对坡面侵蚀过程的影响
- Title:
- Characteristics of aggregates with different particle sizes and their effects on slope erosion process in the rocky mountainous area of north China
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)02-0102-09
- 分类号:
- S157.2; S714.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究不同雨型下坡面侵蚀过程,阐明团聚体稳定性特征与坡面侵蚀之间的定量关系,为北方土石山区水土流失治理提供理论依据。[方法]以北方土石山区2种典型褐土(石灰性褐土、黄土性褐土)为研究对象,通过LB法分析了<2 mm,2～3 mm,3～5 mm,5～7 mm,>7 mm粒径团聚体稳定性,并设计总降雨量相同的增强型、减弱型、谷值型、峰值型4种降雨类型,分析了不同雨型下土壤侵蚀过程,并将各粒径团聚体稳定性特征参数Ka替换WEPP模型中的可蚀性因子Ki计算预测值,用Nash-sutcliffe有效性E对比模拟值与实测值,分析了模型适用性。[结果]在LB法3种处理下2种土壤团聚体稳定性大小均表现为快速湿润>湿润振荡>慢速湿润,大粒径范围团聚体稳定性较小粒径范围团聚体低,粒径范围<2 mm及2～3 mm团聚体稳定性最好,且黄土性褐土团聚体稳定性小于石灰性褐土。不同雨型下,谷值型坡面产流产沙总量最大,是峰值型产流产沙量的1.6,1.3倍。同一降雨强度出现在不同阶段,对径流强度和产沙率有显著影响,峰值型和谷值型起始阶段的径流强度和产沙率均大于结束阶段,黄土性褐土径流强度和产沙率均大于石灰性褐土。各团聚体粒径在增强型和减弱型雨型下坡面侵蚀模拟效果较好,在3～5 mm粒径团聚体模拟效果最好,有效性计算值达到0.8以上。[结论]用不同粒径团聚体稳定性表征土壤可蚀性参数模拟效果较好,可为北方土石山区水土保持有效性评价提供参考。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to investigate the process of slope erosion under different rainfall patterns, to elucidate the quantitative relationship between the stability characteristics of agglomerates and slope erosion, sand to provide theoretical basis for soil erosion management in the rocky mountainous area of north China. [Methods]LB method was used to analyze two typical lignite soils(calcareous lignite and loess lignite)with particle sizes of less than 2 mm, 2～3 mm, 3～5 mm, 5～7 mm, and more than 7 mm. Four rainfall types(intensification, weakening, valley value, and peak value)were designed to analyze soil erosion processes under different rainfall patterns, and the characteristic parameter Ka for the stability of agglomerates of each particle size was substituted for the corrosivity factor Ki in the WEPP model to calculate the predicted values. The applicability of the model was assessed by comparing the simulated and measured values using the Nash-Sutcliffe validity (E). The impact of aggregate stability on the process of soil erosion under these different rainfall types was also examined. [Results]A comparison of the stability of big and small particle size range aggregates under the three method treatments revealed that the stability of two types of soil aggregates was lower for the size of fast wetting, wetting shock, and gradual wetting, the most stable aggregates were those with particle sizes between 2 and 3 mm, and the aggregates made of loess brown soil had less stability than those made of calcareous brown soil. With 1.6 and 1.3 times the runoff and sand production of the peak type, the total quantity of runoff and sediment production on the valley type's slope was the highest under the various rainfall kinds. The runoff intensity and the rate of sediment production were significantly impacted by the same rainfall intensity that fell at different times. Specifically, the runoff intensity and the rate of sediment production were higher in the early stages of the peak and valley types, and sediment production rate of the loess brown soil were greater than the calcareous brown soil. The results demonstrated that the aggregate particle size had a better simulation effect on the downslope erosion of both strengthened and weakened rainfalls. The aggregate particle size of 3～5 mm had the best simulation effect, and the computed effectiveness value was greater than 0.8. [Conclusion]The simulation effect of measuring soil corrosivity characteristics with the stability of aggregates of different grain sizes is better, and this can serve as a reference for the assessment of the efficacy of soil and water conservation in the rocky mountainous area of north China.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-05-09 修回日期:2024-05-26 接受日期:2024-06-27
资助项目:雄安新区科技创新专项“雄安新区流域生态修复与生物多样性保护技术与示范”(2023XAGG0066)
第一作者:陈仕媛(1999—),女,广西北海人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤侵蚀。E-mail:2643209411@qq.com
通信作者:马岚(1981—),女,陕西汉中人,博士,教授,主要从事森林水文研究。E-mail:mlpcz@sina.com