Zhang Yi,Wang Zhihui,Lu Xiaoping,et al.Evolution of ecosystem carbon sink and its driving factors in the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(01):266-274,284.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.030]
黄土高原生态系统碳汇时空变化及其影响因素
- Title:
- Evolution of ecosystem carbon sink and its driving factors in the Loess Plateau
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)01-0266-09
- Keywords:
- Loess Plateau; net ecosystem productivity; geographical detector; influencing factors; carbon sink
- 分类号:
- X171.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究黄土高原生态系统碳汇时空变化特征,可为深入分析和科学评估生态系统固碳能力以及制定应对气候变化的策略提供科学依据。[方法]基于现有长时间序列遥感产品、地形和土壤属性等数据,运用线性趋势分析和地理探测器等工具,计算了2000—2022年黄土高原净生态系统生产力(Net Ecosystem Productivity,NEP),分析了NEP时空变化及其影响因素。[结果]黄土高原2000—2022年NEP平均值为33.44 gC/m2,2022年黄土高原NEP现状水平为39.9 gC/m2,年碳汇总量达到25.40 Tg C。NEP年际变化特征表现为显著上升且逐渐趋于稳定,总体增长速率为0.70 gC/(m2·a),每年增加0.45 Tg C,其中山西省和陕西省贡献最大。黄土高原森林植被的碳汇能力(NEP)和增汇能力(NEP趋势)虽最高,但由于草地面积较大,因此草地碳汇总量和增汇贡献均高于森林。与草地、农田和裸地相比,草地—森灌、农田—林草,裸地—林草等生态修复工程能提升原地表覆盖碳汇能力的83.2%,14.0%和81.1%,且提升增汇能力5.6%,15.8%,127.7%。单一影响因子中,NDVI作为植被生物量指标,是驱动黄土高原生态系统NEP时空动态变化的主要因素,然而NDVI与降雨、NDVI与土壤容重的交互作用对NEP空间分异以及NEP趋势变化的影响也不可忽视。[结论]结合气候特性和土壤条件的全面考量,通过调整土地利用结构和增加植物覆盖度等一系列生态恢复措施,可有效提升黄土高原生态系统碳汇能力。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecosystem carbon sink in the Loess Plateau, and to provide a scientific basis for in-depth analysis of scientific assessment of ecosystem carbon sequestration capacity and formulation of strategies to cope with climate change. [Methods]Based on the existing long-term series of remote sensing products, topography and soil properties, linear trend analysis and geodetectors were used to calculate the net ecosystem productivity(NEP)of the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2022, and to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of NEP and its influencing factors. [Results](1)The average value of NEP in the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2022 was 33.44 gC/m2. The current level of NEP in the Loess Plateau in 2022 was 39.9 gC/m2, and the total annual carbon sink reached 25.40 Tg C. The interannual variation of NEP showed a significant increase and gradually stabilized. The overall growth rate was 0.70 gC/(m2·a), with an annual increase of 0.45 Tg C, among which Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province contributed the most. Although the forest vegetation in the Loess Plateau has the highest carbon sink capacity(NEP)and sink enhancement capacity(NEP trend), due to the large area of grassland, the total carbon sink and sink enhancement contribution of grassland are higher than those of forest. Compared with grassland, farmland and bare land, grassland-shrub, farmland-forest-grass, bare land-forest-grass and other ecological restoration projects can increase the carbon sink capacity of original surface coverage by 83.2%, 14.0% and 81.1%, and increase the carbon sink capacity by 5.6%, 15.8% and 127.7%. Among the single influencing factors, NDVI, as a vegetation biomass index, is the main factor driving the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of NEP in the Loess Plateau ecosystem. However, the interaction between NDVI and rainfall, NDVI and soil bulk density on NEP spatial differentiation and NEP trend changes can not be ignored. [Conclusion]Combined with the comprehensive consideration of climate characteristics and soil conditions, a series of ecological restoration measures such as adjusting land use structure and increasing plant coverage can effectively improve the carbon sink capacity of the Loess Plateau ecosystem.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-03-21 修回日期:2024-04-13
资助项目:黄委优秀青年人才科技项目(HQK-202307); 国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3205200)
第一作者:张怡(1999—),女,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,研究方向:碳循环遥感。E-mail:zy1607299084@163.com
通信作者:王志慧(1985—),男,山西太原人,博士,教授级高级工程师,研究方向:植被遥感监测及其碳水效应。E-mail:wzh8588@aliyun.com