Liu Yinge,Luo Ziwei,Guo Huijun,et al.Characteristic of climatic and hydrological variation s in river valley regions based on remote sensing data and associated regional differences[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(01):181-194.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.015]
基于遥感数据的河谷地区气候水文变化特征及区域差异——以宝鸡地区为例
- Title:
- Characteristic of climatic and hydrological variation s in river valley regions based on remote sensing data and associated regional differences
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)01-0181-14
- Keywords:
- meteorological and hydrological factors; temporal and spatial changes; complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise method; rescaled range analysis method; remote sensing data
- 分类号:
- P467; K903
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究不同分区气候水文多要素变化特征,为该地水资源管理及可持续开发利用提供区域性的科学依据。[方法]基于1950—2021年的卫星遥感数据,选取宝鸡地区9个县区的气温、地表温度、降水量、蒸发量、低层云量、总云量、紫外强度、相对湿度、径流、地表径流和地下径流11种要素,采用自适应噪声经验模态分解法(CEEMDAN)和重标极差R/S分析方法,分析了近70年该区域多气象水文要素时空特征及区域差异,探讨了不同分区气候水文要素变化的延续性及未来趋势。[结果](1)区域仅年气温和地温呈上升趋势,其余要素的年均趋势均呈下降趋势,各要素趋势率分别为0.27℃/10 a,0.25℃/10 a,-40.97 mm/10 a,-0.59 mm/10 a,-1.14%/10 a,-0.17%/10 a,-4 060.4 J/(m2·10 a),-0.99%/10 a,-3.6 mm/10 a,-1.61 mm/10 a和-1.94 mm/10 a。季节变化上,冬季气温和地温上升趋势最大,夏季降水减少幅度最大,紫外强度仅在春季表现为上升趋势,春季相对湿度减小最大,低层云量春季减小最大,径流和地表径流夏季的下降趋势最大,地下径流秋季的下降趋势最大。千陇丘陵区各要素的变率都较大;(2)空间上,年气温、地温、蒸发量和紫外强度的高值多分布于千陇丘陵区和渭河川塬区,年降水量、低层云量、总云量、相对湿度、径流、地表径流和地下径流的高值区多分布在秦岭关山区。除凤县和眉县的蒸发量外,其他要素在各县区的升降趋势均与其在整个地区的趋势一致;(3)各气象水文要素具有2～3 a,4～5 a,7～9 a,11～13 a,19～35 a为主的年代际振荡周期;(4)未来宝鸡地区各气象水文要素均延续历史的上升或下降趋势,但延续时长不同,其中千陇丘陵区、渭河川塬区和秦岭关山区均存在最长延续时长10 a和最短延续时长4 a。[结论]宝鸡地区气候整体朝暖干化方向发展,各分区气候水文变化具有明显差异,且均存在明显振荡周期和正持续特征。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]This study aims to explore the variation characteristics of climatic and hydrological multi factors in different regions, and to provide regional scientific basis for water resource management and sustainable development and utilization in the area. [Methods]According to the satellite remote sensing data of 9 counties in Baoji area spanning 1950 to 2021, a total of 11 factors including temperature, surface temperature, precipitation, evaporation, low-level cloud cover, total cloud cover, UV intensity, relative humidity, runoff, surface runoff, and groundwater runoff were selected for analysis. The complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise method(CEEMDAN)and R/S analysis method were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and regional differences of multiple meteorological and hydrological factors in the past 70 years. This was followed by the discussion on the continuity and future trends of changes in climate and hydrological factors in different regions. [Results](1)The regional annual temperature and ground temperature showed an upward trend, while the annual precipitation, evaporation, low-level cloud cover, total cloud cover, UV intensity, relative humidity, runoff, surface runoff, and groundwater runoff showed a downward trend. Their trend rates were 0.27 ℃/10 a, 0.25 ℃/10 a, -40.97 mm/10 a, -0.59 mm/10 a, -1.14%/10 a, -0.17%/10 a, -4 060.4 J/(m2·10 a), -0.99%/10 a, -3.6 mm/10 a, -1.61 mm/10 a, and-1.94 mm/10 a, respectively. From the aspect of season, the temperature and ground temperature increased the most in winter, and the precipitation decreased the most in summer. In spring, only UV intensity showed an uplift, with the largest decrease in both relative humidity and lower cloud cover. Runoff and surface runoff exhibited the most significant decline in summer, while the underground runoff decreased the most in autumn. All the factors in the Qianlong hilly area varied greatly.(2)Spatially, the regions with high annual temperature, ground temperature, evaporation, and UV intensity are predominantly distributed in the Qianlong hilly area and the Weihe River plateau area. The regions with high annual precipitation, low-level cloud cover, total cloud cover, relative humidity, runoff, surface runoff, and groundwater runoff were primarily located in the Guanshan area of the Qinling Mountains. In addition to the evaporation in Fengxian county and Meixian county, all other factors in each county displayed a consistent upward or downward trend with the entire region.(3)Each meteorological and hydrological factor had an interdecadal oscillation period dominated by 2～3 a, 4～5 a, 7～9 a, 11～13 a, and 19～35 a.(4)All meteorological and hydrological factors in the Baoji area will continue their historical upward or downward trends in the future, but with different durations. The temperature, ground temperature, evaporation, and surface runoff in the Qianlong hilly area, the temperature and surface runoff in the Weihe Chuanyuan area, and the precipitation, relative humidity, runoff, and surface runoff in the Guanshan area of Qinling can last up to 10 a. The UV intensity in the Qianlong hilly area, and the low-level cloud cover in the Weihe Chuanyuan area and the Guanshan area of Qinling can be a minimum of 4 a. [Conclusion]The climate in Baoji area varies towards warming and drying, and the climate and hydrological changes between regions have significant differences, with obvious oscillation periods and positively persistent characteristics.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-04-28
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(41771048); 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022SF-364)
第一作者:刘引鸽(1965—),女,陕西兴平人,博士,教授,主要从事气候变化、水资源管理及生态研究。E-mail:yingeliu@163.com