Li Liangying,Wang Zhenqiang,Wang Xu,et al.Characteristics of wind-sand environment and the movement pattern of lattice dunes in the desert section of Wuhai-Maqin highway[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(01):160-171.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.006]
乌玛高速沙漠段风沙环境特征及格状沙丘移动规律
- Title:
- Characteristics of wind-sand environment and the movement pattern of lattice dunes in the desert section of Wuhai-Maqin highway
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)01-0160-12
- Keywords:
- latticed dune; sand potential; spatial interpolation; dune movement; morphological evolution
- 分类号:
- P931.3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]沙丘移动与风沙环境特征和沙丘形态具有直接关系,探究多种因素作用下的格状沙丘移动规律,能为沙区公路风沙防治提供科学依据。[方法]以乌玛高速沙漠段格状沙丘为研究对象,基于当地气象数据、Google Earth卫星影像,研究了2019—2021年乌玛高速沙漠段K167+300,K172+300,K177+300里程处风沙环境及格状沙丘的形态演变和移动规律。[结果](1)研究区年平均起沙风速介于6.07～6.84 m/s,春夏为主要输沙季节,主风向为西北风,次风向为东南风; 年输沙势介于31.77～38.89 VU,方向变率指数(RDP/DP)介于0.73～0.78,属于低风能环境、中变率风况。(2)研究区自东北向西南方向,格状沙丘主梁向东偏移,副梁向南偏移,主副梁走向几乎保持垂直,沙丘形态整体上变化较小; 格状沙丘的主副梁长度、主副梁间距、沙丘高度均呈现出增加的趋势,主副梁长度增长率、主副梁偏移率呈减小趋势。(3)沙丘移动方向介于140.43°～152.64°,与年RDD变化基本一致,即向东南偏移; 沙丘平均高度介于5.24～8.31 m,沙丘移动速率介于2.31～2.86 m/a,两者表现为负相关关系。(4)输沙势、年均温度与沙丘移动速率为正相关关系,相较而言,年均温度对沙丘移动速率的影响更为显著; 年均降水量、植被覆盖度与沙丘移动速率为负相关关系,其中年均降水量对移动速率的影响尤为重要。[结论]格状沙丘的移动与当地风况、降水量、温度、植被覆盖度及沙丘自身形态息息相关,其中输沙势及温度增加会加速沙丘前移,不利于对风沙的防治,而提高降水量及植被覆盖度,对防治沙丘移动引起的公路风沙灾害具有积极作用。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The movement of sand dunes is directly related to the characteristics of wind-sand environment and the morphology of sand dunes. The aims of this study are to explore the movement pattern of lattice sand dunes under the action of multiple factors, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of wind-sand on highways in sandy areas. [Methods]Based on the local meteorological data and Google Earth satellite images, the wind-sand environment and the morphological evolution and movement pattern of lattice dunes at K167+300, K172+300 and K177+300 in the desert section of Whai-Maqin Highway from 2019 to 2021 were studied. [Results](1)The annual average sand-driving wind speed in the study area ranged from 6.07 to 6.84 m/s. Spring and summer were the main sand-transporting seasons, with the main wind direction being northwest and the secondary wind direction being southeast. The annual sand transport potential was between 31.77 VU and 38.89 VU, and the directional variability index(RDP/DP)was between 0.73 and 0.78, which belonged to low wind energy environment and medium variability wind condition.(2)From the northeast to the southwest of the study area, the main beam of the lattice sand dune shifted eastward, and the auxiliary beam shifted southward. The direction of the main and auxiliary beams was almost vertical, and the shape of the sand dune changed little as a whole. The length of the main and auxiliary beams, the distance between the main and auxiliary beams, and the height of the dune all showed an increasing trend, while the growth rate of the length of the main and auxiliary beams and the offset rate of the main and auxiliary beams showed a decreasing trend.(3)The direction of dune movement was between 140.43° and 152.64°, which was basically consistent with the annual RDD change, that is, moving southeastward. The average height of the dunes ranged from 5.24 m to 8.31 m, and the dune movement rate ranged from 2.31 m/a to 2.86 m/a, which showed a negative correlation.(4)There was a positive correlation between sand transport potential, annual average temperature and sand dune movement rate. In contrast, annual average temperature had a more significant effect on sand dune movement rate. The average annual precipitation and vegetation coverage were negatively correlated with the moving rate of sand dunes, and the influence of average annual precipitation on the moving rate was particularly important. [Conclusion]The movement of checkerboard dunes is closely related to local wind conditions, precipitation, temperature, vegetation coverage and dune morphology. The increase of sand transport potential and temperature will accelerate the forward movement of dunes, which is not conducive to the prevention and control of wind and sand. Increasing precipitation and vegetation coverage has a positive effect on the prevention and control of highway wind and sand disasters caused by dune movement.
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相似文献/References:
[1]王金国,安志山,张克存,等.乌玛高速公路中卫段风沙环境及输移规律[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(06):183.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-11-14 修回日期:2024-03-18
资助项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“沙区铁路机械防沙措施的失效机理及评估方法研究”(12302511); 宁夏交通运输厅科技项目(20200173); 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(22ZY1QA005)
第一作者:李良英(1979—),男,山西原平人,副教授,主要从事道路交通安全研究。E-mail:liliangying@mail.lzjtu.cn