Wang Yitao,Liu Jiankang,Wu Zhijia,et al.Impact of enclosure on characteristics diversities of typical vegetation communities in desert grasslands[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(01):121-130,140.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.033]
围封对荒漠草原典型植物群落特征及多样性的影响
- Title:
- Impact of enclosure on characteristics diversities of typical vegetation communities in desert grasslands
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)01-0121-10
- Keywords:
- enclosure; desert grasslands; typical communities; community characteristics; aboveground biomass
- 分类号:
- S812.6
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]揭示围封对荒漠草原典型植物群落特征及多样性的影响,可为宁夏荒漠草原植物资源保护、生物多样性保育、草地资源可持续利用与管理提供科学依据。[方法]以宁夏荒漠草原分布广泛的猪毛蒿(Artemisia scoparia)、短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)、苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)和油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)4种典型植物群落为研究对象,研究围封措施对不同植物群落结构和功能特征的影响。[结果]围封不会改变4种植物群落中建群种优势地位,但改变了其功能群物种组成及重要值; 围封增加了一年生植物(猪毛蒿)群落内物种总数(增幅为13.33%),但降低了多年生植物(短花针茅、苦豆子、油蒿)群落内物种总数(降幅分别为30%,34.78%和40%),降低了4种植物群落中多年生杂类草物种数量,并增加了多年生植物群落中多年生杂草和多年生禾草的重要值; 围封增加了4种植物群落的高度和地上生物量,并增加了猪毛蒿、短花针茅和油蒿群落的盖度,降低了4种植物群落的Margalef丰富度指数,多年生草本植物(短花针茅、苦豆子)群落的Shannon-Wiener和Simpson指数,但增加了一年生植物群落的Shannon-Wiener,Simpson和Pielou指数; 从群落建群种生活型角度分析,α多样性整体表现为多年生草本>半灌木>一年生草本植物群落; 地上生物量与盖度、高度呈极显著正相关关系(p<0.001),与Margalef丰富度指数呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.001),与Shannon-Wiener指数呈显著负相关关系(p<0.05)。[结论]围封可通过改变不同植物群落物种组成对群落的盖度、高度及地上生物量产生积极影响,但不同植物群落的多样性特征对围封措施的敏感性存在差异。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]This study aims to elucidate the impact of enclosure on the characteristics and diversity of typical plant communities in desert grasslands, to provide scientific evidence for the conservation of plant resources, biodiversity, and the sustainable utilization and management of grassland resources in Ningxia desert grasslands. [Methods]Four typical plant communities, including Artemisia scoparia, Stipa breviflora, Sophora alopecuroides, and Artemisia ordosica, widely distributing in the desert grasslands of Ningxia, were selected as research objects to investigate the impact of enclosure measures on the structure and functional characteristics of different plant communities. [Results]Enclosure did not alter the dominant status of key species in the four plant communities but changed their functional group composition and importance values. Enclosure increased the total number of species in the annual plant community(Artemisia scoparia)by 13.33% but decreased the total number of species in perennial plant communities(Stipa breviflora, Sophora alopecuroides, Artemisia ordosica)by 30%, 34.78%, and 40%, respectively. It reduced the number of perennial miscellaneous grass species in all four plant communities and increased the importance values of perennial miscellaneous grasses and perennial graminoids in perennial plant communities. Enclosure increased the height and aboveground biomass of the four plant communities and increased the canopy cover of Artemisia scoparia, Stipa breviflora, and Artemisia ordosica communities. Enclosure decreased the Margalef richness index of all four plant communities, the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices of perennial herbaceous plant communities(Stipa breviflora, Sophora alopecuroides), but increased the Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and Pielou indices of the annual plant community. From the perspective of tne analysis on life form of key species in the communities, alpha diversity showed the order:perennial herbaceous>subshrub>annual herbaceous plant communities. Aboveground biomass was significantly positively correlated with canopy cover and height(p<0.001), and significantly negatively correlated with the Margalef richness index(p<0.001)and the Shannon-Wiener index(p<0.05). [Conclusion]Enclosure can positively influence the canopy cover, height, and aboveground biomass of communities by altering the species composition of different plant communities. However, the sensitivity of diversity characteristics of different plant communities to enclosure measures varies.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-04-25 修回日期:2024-05-12
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32360280; 32001117); 2023年自治区全职引进高层次人才科研启动项目(2023BSB03022)
第一作者:王益涛(1997—),男,贵州遵义市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail:1719168661@qq.com
通信作者:刘建康(1988—),男,山东寿光市人,博士,副研究员,主要从事土地退化与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail:liujiankang1989@126.com