Zeng Guoyan,Ye Mao,Li Miaomiao,et al.Stability and diversity of plant communities and their biomass in grassland before and after grazing in the Habahe region of Altai Mountains[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(01):82-91.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.039]
放牧对阿尔泰山哈巴河地区草地植物群落稳定性与多样性及其生物量关系的影响
- Title:
- Stability and diversity of plant communities and their biomass in grassland before and after grazing in the Habahe region of Altai Mountains
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)01-0082-10
- Keywords:
- Habahe region; community stability; species diversity; biomass
- 分类号:
- Q948.15
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]研究阿尔泰山哈巴河地区草地植物的群落特征以及植物多样性、地上生物量与群落稳定性关系变化,为哈巴河地区制定合理的放牧制度提供数据支撑。[方法]2020—2022年在阿尔泰山哈巴河的夏季牧场选取18个有代表性的固定样地做调查,调查样地中物种数量、盖度和高度等,测定样地中的地上生物量、β多样性(Sφrensen β多样性指数和Jaccard β多样性指数)、物种多样性(Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Alatalo均匀度指数)和M.Godron群落稳定性,分析放牧前后群落稳定性与植物多样性及其生物量的关系。[结果](1)阿尔泰山哈巴河地区草地群落分布物种30种,隶属14科,以菊科、蔷薇科和禾本科居多;(2)放牧后哈巴河地区草地的多样性指数、盖度、植株高度和地上生物量都有明显的下降趋势;(3)放牧前哈巴河地区草地群落稳定性与Margalef物种丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)。放牧后哈巴河地区草地群落稳定性与Simpson优势度指数呈显著正相关(p<0.05);(4)放牧前哈巴河地区草地群落稳定性与地上生物量关系呈显著正相关(p<0.05),放牧后哈巴河地区草地群落稳定性与地上生物量关系不相关。[结论]放牧后草地群落稳定性与多样性、生物量关系发生了明显的变化,放牧对群落稳定性的影响较大,在一定程度上降低了群落的稳定性,但群落总体处于稳定状态。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to examine the community characteristics of grassland plants in the Habahe region of Altai Mountains, changes in plant diversity, aboveground biomass in relation to community stability, and to provide data support for the development of a rational grazing system in Habahe region. [Methods]From 2020 to 2022, 18 representative fixed sample plots were selected in the summer pasture of Habahe in Altai Mountains to do surveys to investigate the number of species in the sample plots, cover and height, etc., and to determine the aboveground biomass, β-diversity(Sφrensen β-diversity index and Jaccard β-diversity index), species diversity(Margalef richness index, Simpson dominance index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Alatalo evenness index)and M. Godron community stability. The relationship between community stability and plant diversity and its biomass before and after grazing was analyzed. [Results](1)30 species of grassland communities were distributed in the Habahe region of Altai Mountains, belonging to 14 families, with Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Gramineae in the majority.(2)The diversity index, cover, plant height and above-ground biomass of grasslands in the Habahe region showed a significant downward trend after grazing.(3)The stability of grassland communities in the Habahe region before grazing was positively correlated with the Margalef richness index, the Simpson dominance index, and the Shannon-Wiener index diversity index in a highly significant way(p<0.01); and the stability of grassland communities in the Habahe region after grazing was positively correlated with the Simpson dominance index in a significant way(p<0.05).(4)The relationship between grassland community stability and aboveground biomass in the Habahe region before grazing showed a significant positive correlation(p<0.05), and the relationship between grassland community stability and aboveground biomass in the Habahe region after grazing showed no correlation. [Conclusion]The relationship between grassland community stability and diversity and biomass changed significantly after grazing, and grazing had a greater impact on community stability and reduced the stability of the community to a certain extent, but the community was generally in a stable state.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-03-19 修回日期:2024-04-03
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42161004); NSFC-新疆联合资助项目(U1803245)
第一作者:曾国燕(1998—),女,云南丽江人,硕士,研究方向为干旱区生态水文过程。E-mail:Zenguoyan@163.com
通信作者:叶茂(1977—),女,陕西绥德人,博士,教授,主要从事干旱区生态水文过程研究。E-mail:yemao1111@163.com