Jiang Yuxin,Dai Wenyuan,Chen Juan,et al.Spatial Pattern Evolution and Its Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Eastern Fujian[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(03):311-319.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.03.011]
闽东丘陵山区乡村聚落空间格局演变及其影响因素——以福建省屏南县为例
- Title:
- Spatial Pattern Evolution and Its Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Eastern Fujian
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)03-0311-09
- Keywords:
- hilly and mountainous areas; rural settlements; spatial pattern evolution; influencing factors; Pingnan County
- 分类号:
- K901.8
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]研究闽东丘陵山区乡村聚落空间格局演变及其影响因素,为其乡村聚落空间布局优化与重构提供科学依据。[方法]以闽东地区的屏南县为例,综合运用核密度分析、景观格局指数和GIS空间分析方法,分析2009—2019年屏南县乡村聚落空间格局的时空演变特征,并运用地理探测器揭示其演变影响因素。[结果](1)10年间屏南县乡村聚落数量与规模仅有小幅增加,不同等级聚落中以大型聚落的面积占比最大,但数量增加与规模扩张均以小型聚落为主,聚落空间整体上变化不大。(2)乡村聚落整体形态演变由规则趋向复杂和破碎化,但在县城周边地区存在聚落连片的趋势; 乡村聚落单体形态以点状为主,数量占67.84%。(3)乡村聚落空间呈弱集聚分布,整体为中部集中,四周稀疏的分布格局,但10年间县域中南部聚落分布日趋集中; 受地形控制,乡村聚落多分布在山间盆地,并具有低缓坡度指向性。(4)地形起伏是控制屏南县乡村聚落空间格局与规模演化的主要自然因素,但近10年来县域经济的发展与交通通达度的提高成为新时期驱动屏南县乡村聚落规模扩张的重要因素。[结论]屏南的自然因素塑造了乡村聚落基本空间格局,区位与社会经济因素是推动乡村聚落规模持续扩张的动力,自然、区位、经济因素相互作用推动乡村聚落的进一步演化。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aims of this study are to examine the spatial pattern evolution and its influencing factors of rural settlements in hilly and mountainous areas of eastern Fujian, and to provide scientific basis for the optimization and reconstruction of spatial layout of rural settlements. [Methods] Pingnan County in eastern Fujian was taken as an example. Kernel density analysis, landscape pattern index and GIS spatial analysis method were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Pingnan County from 2009 to 2019, and geographical detectors were used to reveal the influencing factors of evolution. [Results](1)In the past 10 years, the number and scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County only increased slightly. Among different levels of settlements, the area of large settlements accounted for the largest proportion, but the number increase and scale expansion were mainly small settlements.(2)The overall morphological evolution of rural settlements tended to be complex and fragmented from rules, but there was a trend of settlement contiguous in the surrounding areas of the county. The single form of rural settlements was dominated by dots, accounting for 67.84%.(3)The spatial distribution of rural settlements weakly concentrated, the whole concentrated in the middle, and the distribution pattern was sparse around, but the distribution of settlements in the central and southern parts of the county was becoming more and more concentrated in the past 10 years. Controlled by terrain, rural settlements mostly distributed in intermountain basins and have low slope directivity.(4)Topographic relief was the main natural factor controlling the evolution of the spatial pattern and scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County, but the economic development of the county and the improvement of transport accessibility in the past 10 years had become important factors driving the expansion of the scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County in the new period. [Conclusion] The natural factors in Pingnan have shaped the basic spatial pattern of rural settlements, and the location and socio-economic factors are the driving force for the continuous expansion of the scale of rural settlements, and the interaction of natural, location and economic factors promotes the further evolution of rural settlements.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-08-01 修回日期:2023-08-15
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(41971261); 福建省科技厅公益类项目(2021R1002003); 福建省自然科学基金(2018J01741)
第一作者:蒋雨欣(2000—),女,广西桂林人,硕士,主要从事土地利用与乡村空间格局研究。E-mail:jyx_0630@163.com
通信作者:戴文远(1972—),男,福建莆田人,硕士,副教授,主要从事土地利用与城乡发展。E-mail:dwygeo@fjnu.edu.cn