Han Qingchi,Sun Kai,Pei Zhiyong,et al.Comparative Study on Water Holding Performance of Typical Stands in Arid and Semi-arid Areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(03):239-246.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.03.026]
干旱半干旱区典型林分持水性能比较研究
- Title:
- Comparative Study on Water Holding Performance of Typical Stands in Arid and Semi-arid Areas
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)03-0239-08
- Keywords:
- arid and semi-arid region; stand water holding capacity; fuzzy matter-element model; European-style closeness
- 分类号:
- S715.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]水分供给是制约干旱及半干旱区发展的决定因素,科学评估干旱半干旱区典型林分的持水性能是规划防护林建设,调控林分结构与进行树种选择的重要依据。[方法]以库布齐沙漠鄂尔多斯造林总场内5种典型人工林为研究对象,利用野外收获法与室内浸水法分析林冠层、林下植被层、枯落物层及土壤层持水性能,引入模糊物元模型,结合欧式贴近度对不同林分持水性能进行定量评价。[结果](1)不同树种间林冠持水能力差异显著,表现为杨树旱柳混交林>榆树林>杨树林>沙柳林>樟子松林,林分持水量介于2.36～9.98 t/hm2。(2)各林分林下植被的持水量介于0.84～3.66 t/hm2,生物量介于1.33～3.92 t/hm2,生物量表现出与持水量相同的变化趋势。(3)枯落物持水量介于1.96～29.25 t/hm2,生物量介于1.43～13.62 t/hm2,对数函数和幂函数可较好表现枯落物的动态持水量和动态吸水率。(4)各林分间土壤毛管持水量介于543.80～645.71 t/hm2,饱和持水量介于562.87～694.78 t/hm2,杨柳混交林土壤容重低于其他纯林,同时孔隙度比其他林分高。(5)欧式贴近度大小排序为杨柳混交林(0.805 6)>沙柳林(0.387 7)>榆树林(0.374 7)>杨树林(0.357 2)>樟子松林(0.163 2),欧式贴近度越大,林分持水性能越强,5种林型中杨柳混交林持水能力最强,樟子松林最差。[结论]建议未来经营干旱半干旱区人工防护林建设中,适当提高混交林比例,并尝试通过更多林分合理搭配进行防护林建设保护。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] Water supply is the determinant factor restricting the development of arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, scientific evaluation of the water-holding performance of typical stands in arid and semi-arid areas is an important basis for planning shelterbelt construction, regulating stand structure and selecting tree species. [Methods] Five typical plantation forests in Ordos Afforestation Field in Kubuqi Desert were taken as the research objects. The water-holding performance of canopy, understory vegetation, litter and soil layers were analyzed by field harvesting method and indoor immersion method. The fuzzy matter-element model was introduced to quantitatively evaluate the water-holding performance of different forest stands combining with European-style closeness. [Results](1)The canopy water-holding capacity of different tree species was significantly different, showing as the order: dry willow and poplar mixed forest>elm forest>poplar forest>salix forest>Pinus sylvestris forest, and the stand water holding capacity was between 2.36～9.98 t/hm2.(2)The water holding capacity of understory vegetation in each stand was between 0.84～3.66 t/hm2, and the biomass was between 1.33～3.92 t/hm2. The biomass showed the same trend as the water holding capacity.(3)The water holding capacity of litter was between 1.96～29.25 t/hm2, and the biomass was between 1.43～13.62 t/hm2. The logarithmic function and power function could better describe the dynamic water holding capacity and dynamic water absorption rate of litter.(4)The soil capillary water holding capacity of each stand was between 543.80～645.71 t/hm2, and the saturated water holding capacity was between 562.87～694.78 t/hm2.(5)The European-style closeness decreased in the order: willow mixed forest(0.805 6)>salix forest(0.387 7)>elm forest(0.374 7)>poplar forest(0.357 2)>sylvestris pine forest(0.163 2). The greater the European-style closeness, the stronger the water-holding capacity of the stand. Among the five forest types, the water-holding capacity of the mixed willow forest was the strongest, and that of the sylvestris forest was the worst. [Conclusion] It is suggested that the proportion of mixed forests should be appropriately increased, and more forest stands should be rationally matched to construct and protect shelterbelts in the construction of artificial shelterbelts in arid and semi-arid areas in the future.
参考文献/References:
[1] 胡子瑛,周俊菊,张利利,等.中国北方气候干湿变化及干旱演变特征[J].生态学报,2018,38(6):1908-1919.
Hu Z Y, Zhou J J, Zhang L L, et al. Climate dry-wet change and drought evolution characteristics of different dry-wet areas in northern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(6):1908-1919.
[2] 张利利,周俊菊,张恒玮,等.基于SPI的石羊河流域气候干湿变化及干旱事件的时空格局特征研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(3):996-1007.
Zhang L L, Zhou J J, Zhang H W, et al. Temporal and spatial patterns of climate drought-wet and drought event based on Standard Precipitation Index in Shiyang River Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017,37(3):996-1007.
[3] 陶军礼.对“三北”防护林体系工程的思考与展望[J].林业科技情报,2020,52(3):95-96.
Tao J L. Thinking and prospect of “Three-North”shelterbelt system project[J]. Forestry Science and Technology Information, 2020,52(3):95-96.
[4] 马启民,龙银平,汤世宇,等.库布齐沙漠典型沙地人工林蒸散对比分析[J].遥感技术与应用,2022,37(4):854-864.
Ma Q M, Long Y P, Tang S Y, et al. Comparative analysis of evapotranspiration of typical sandy plantations in the Hobq Desert[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2022,37(4):854-864.
[5] 张日施,黄光友,南雅薇,等.桂西北不同年龄阶段秃杉人工林的水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(5):130-136,143.
Zhang R S, Hang G Y, Nan Y W, et al. Water conservation function of Taiwania flousiana plantations at different ages in northwest Guangxi[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,35(5):130-136,143.
[6] 程唱,贺康宁,俞国峰,等.干旱半干旱区不同林型人工林水源涵养能力比较研究[J].生态学报,2021,41(5):1979-1990.
Cheng C, He K N, Yu G F, et al. Comparative study on water conservation capacity of different forest types of artificial forest in arid and semi-arid area[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021,41(5):1979-1990.
[7] 王先棒,贺康宁,董喆,等.北川河流域典型林型水源涵养能力评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(5):94-102.
Wang X B, He K N, Dong Z, et al. Evaluation on water conservation capacity of typical forest types in Beichuan River basin[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017,15(5):94-102.
[8] 艾彪,黄云,朱元皓,等.赣南丘陵区典型林分水源涵养功能评价[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(1):197-205.
Ai B, Huang Y, Zhu Y H, et al. Evaluation of water conservation capacity of litter and soil layer in typical forest stands in hilly region of southern Jiangxi Province[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,41(1):197-205.
[9] 张佳楠,张建军,张海博,等.晋西黄土区典型林分水源涵养能力评价[J].北京林业大学学报,2019,41(8):105-114.
Zhang J N, Zhang J J, Zhang H B, et al. Water conservation capacity of typical forestlands in the Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi Province of northern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019,41(8):105-114.
[10] 和丽萍,李贵祥,柴勇,等.滇西北亚高山典型退化次生林水源涵养能力分析[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(2):233-237,245.
He L P, Li G X, Chai Y, et al. Analysis of water conservation capacity of typical degraded secondary forests in Sub-Alpine Areas of Northwest Yunnan Province[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020,27(2):233-237,245.
[11] 贾彦龙,许晴,许中旗,等.燕山北部山地典型植物群落水源涵养能力研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(6):16-21.
Jia Y L, Xu Q, Xu Z Q, et al. Water conservation capacity of typical plant communities in north region of Yanshan mountain[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012,32(6):16-21.
[12] 杜捷.北京山区森林枯落物层水文过程模拟研究[D]. 陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2017.
Du J. Simulated study on hydrological process of forest litter layer in Beijing mountainous area[D]. Yangling, Shaanxi: Northwest A&F University, 2017.
[13] 冯星,孙东永,胡维登,等.模糊物元理论在干旱分析中的应用研究[J].水文,2018,38(6):18-23.
Feng X, Sun D Y, Hu W D, et al. Application of fuzzy matter-element theory in drought analysis of weihe river basin[J]. Journal of China Hydrology, 2018,38(6):18-23.
[14] 何斌,秦武明,戴军,等.马占相思人工林不同年龄阶段水源涵养功能及其价值研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(5):5-8,27.
He B, Qin W M, Dai J, et al. Study on function and value of water conservation in different age classes of Acacia mangium plantations[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006,20(5):5-8,27.
[15] 张艳华.浅谈混交林在植树造林应用中的重要意义:混交原则及营造技术要点[J].农业与技术,2019,39(24):83-84.
Zhang Y H. Discussion on the significance of mixed forest in afforestation application:principles of mixed forest and key points of construction techniques[J]. Agriculture and Technology, 2019,39(24):83-84.
[16] 杨晓霞,赵锦梅,张雪,等.祁连山东段山地典型灌丛枯落物及土壤水源涵养功能研究[J].干旱区地理,2022,45(1):197-207.
Yang X X, Zhao J M, Zhang X, et al. Litter and soil water conservation function of typical shrubs in eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022,45(1):197-207.
[17] 张淑兰,韩勇,杨盼,等.汉江上游不同林龄麻栎林枯落物的水文功能评价[J].生态环境学报,2022,31(1):44-51.
Zhang S L, Han Y, Yang P, et al. Evaluation of hydrological function of litter of Quercus Acuvarius at different ages in the upper reaches of Han River[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2022,31(1):44-51.
[18] 刘忠玲,刘建明,胡伟,等.不同密度胡桃楸次生林枯落物和土壤持水特性的研究[J].森林工程,2021,37(3):52-59,66.
Liu Z L, Liu J M, Hu W, et al. Water-holding characteristics of litter and soil of Juglans mandshurica natural secondary forest with different densities[J]. Forest Engineering, 2021,37(3):52-59,66.
[19] 王磊,温远光,周晓果,等.尾巨桉与红锥混交对林下植被和土壤性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2022,31(7):1340-1349.
Wang L,Wen Y G,Zhou X G, et al. Effects of mixing Eucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis with Castanopsis hystrix on understory vegetation and soil properties[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2022,31(7):1340-1349.
相似文献/References:
[1]张俊,赵振宏,马洪云,等.基于物种生存域的干旱半干旱区地下水与植被关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(05):240.
ZHANG Jun,ZHAO Zhen-hong,MA Hong-yun,et al.Study on Relationship between Groundwater and Vegetation in Arid and Semiarid Region Based on Survival Regions of Plant Species[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):240.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-07-23 修回日期:2023-08-08
资助项目:内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0009); 国家自然科学基金(52069018); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0078); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2023QN03029)
第一作者:韩青池(1997—),女,辽宁沈阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持与环境。E-mail:hanqingchi@E-mails.imau.edu.cn
通信作者:裴志永(1979—),男,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,教授,主要从事灌木林资源开发与环境方面的研究。E-mail:peizhiyong@imau.edu.cn