[1]陈 浩,权倍平,李占斌,等.北洛河上游流域植被覆盖度时空变化及其地形分异特征[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(02):219-227,239.
　Chen Hao,Quan Beiping,Li Zhanbin,et al.Spatiotemporal Changes of Vegetation Coverage and Its Topographic Differentiation Characteristics in the Upper Reaches of Beiluo River Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(02):219-227,239.
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北洛河上游流域植被覆盖度时空变化及其地形分异特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 31 期数: 2024年02期 页码: 219-227,239 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-03-20
Title:
Spatiotemporal Changes of Vegetation Coverage and Its Topographic Differentiation Characteristics in the Upper Reaches of Beiluo River Watershed
文章编号:
1005-3409(2024)02-0219-09
作者:
陈 浩1,2, 权倍平3, 李占斌2, 郭晋伟4, 李伟涛1, 张晓萍4
(1.延安大学 生命科学学院, 陕西 延安 716000; 2.西安理工大学 水利水电学院, 西安 710048; 3.延安大学 图书馆, 陕西 延安 716000; 4.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100)
Author(s):
Chen Hao1,2, Quan Beiping3, Li Zhanbin2, Guo Jinwei4, Li Weitao1, Zhang Xiaoping4
(1.College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; 2.Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; 3.Yan'an University Library, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; 4.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)
关键词:
植被覆盖度;  时空变化;  地形因子;  退耕还林还草工程;  黄土丘陵沟壑区
Keywords:
vegetation coverage;  spatiotemporal changes;  topographic factors;  Grain for Green Project;  loess hilly and gully region
分类号:
Q948.1
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
[目的]揭示退耕还林还草工程实施前后黄土丘陵沟壑区流域植被恢复过程,阐明流域植被恢复的地形分异效应,进而为黄土丘陵沟壑区制定适宜的流域生态建设和保护对策提供科技支撑。[方法]基于北洛河上游流域1990—2019年4期Landsat影像及数字高程模型数据,利用像元二分模型结合GIS技术,开展了退耕还林还草工程实施前后该流域植被覆盖度变化地形分异特征研究。[结果](1)流域植被覆盖度在空间上呈现东南高、西北低的分异特征。1990—2019年流域年均植被覆盖度呈持续上升趋势,在退耕还林还草工程实施以后高等级植被覆盖度面积占比大幅提升,1990年、2000年、2010年、2019年高等级植被覆盖度面积占比分别为0.97%,6.96%,42.17%,64.18%。(2)在工程实施的各个时期,流域植被覆盖总体持续改善,但西北局部地区植被退化。研究期间,流域植被覆盖度结构改善明显,中高及高植被覆盖度面积以转入为主,中低及低植被覆盖度面积以转出为主。(3)流域植被覆盖度在地形上存在明显分异特征,植被覆盖度随高程的增加呈减小趋势,植被覆盖度与坡度呈正相关,坡度越陡,植被覆盖度越大,植被覆盖度随坡向遵循阴坡>半阴坡>平地>半阳坡>阳坡的分布规律。[结论]实施退耕还林还草工程对增加北洛河上游流域植被覆盖度起到了关键作用,但部分区域植被退化严重,未来该流域应重点关注城市空间扩展以及气候变化对植被建设的影响,以应对环境演变下植被生态系统可持续发展面临的挑战。
Abstract:
[Objective] The aims of this study are to reveal the process of vegetation restoration in loess hilly and gully region before and after the implementation of the Grain for Green Project as well as its topographic differentiation effects, and to provide scientific support for formulating appropriate regional ecological construction and protection countermeasures. [Methods] Based on four Landsat images and digital elevation model data from 1990 to 2019 in the upper reaches of the Beiluo River watershed, the spatiotemporal changes of vegetation coverage and its topographic differentiation characteristics of the study area before and after the implementation of the Grain for Green project were studied using pixel dichotomy model and GIS technology. [Results](1)The spatial distribution of vegetation coverage in the watershed was high in the southeast and lower in the northwest. From 1990 to 2019, the average annual vegetation coverage of the watershed showed a continuous increasing trend, and the proportion of high-grade vegetation coverage area increased significantly after the implementation of the Grain for Green Project. The proportions of high-grade vegetation coverage area in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2019 were 0.97%, 6.96%, 42.17% and 64.18%, respectively.(2)In each period of the Grain for Green Project, the vegetation coverage of the watershed improved continuously, but the vegetation degradation occurred in small parts of northwestern of the watershed. During the study period, vegetation coverage structure of the watershed significantly improved. The area with medium-high and high vegetation coverage was mainly transferred in, and the area with medium-low and low vegetation coverage was mainly transferred out.(3)Topographic factors had an obvious impact on the vegetation coverage distribution pattern in the watershed. The vegetation coverage tended to decrease with the increase of elevation. The vegetation coverage was positively correlated with slope, and the steeper the slope, the greater the vegetation coverage. The vegetation coverage showed the characteristics of shady slope>half-shady slope>flat land>half-sunny slope>sunny slope. [Conclusion] The implementation of the Grain for Green Project plays a key role in increasing the vegetation coverage in the upper reaches of the Beiluo River watershed, but the vegetation degradation is serious in some areas. In the future, more attention should be paid to the impact of the urban spatial expansion and climate change on vegetation construction in the watershed, so as to cope with the challenges of sustainable development of vegetation ecosystem under the changing environment.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2023-04-17 修回日期:2023-05-30
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(42107359); 中国博士后科学基金(2022MD713800); 延安市高层次人才专项(2019-16); 延安大学科研计划资助项目(YDBK2019-63); 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(D2021118)
第一作者:陈浩(1986—),男,陕西榆林人,博士,讲师,主要从事水土保持与生态修复研究。E-mail:chenhao@yau.edu.cn
通信作者:张晓萍(1971—),女,河南焦作人,博士,研究员,主要从事植被恢复的水文效应及水土流失过程评价研究。E-mail:zhangxp@ms.iswc.ac.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 2024-04-20