Qin Ruijie,Li Ping,Xiao Peiqing,et al.Trends of Runoff and Sediment and Their Impact Factors in Luoyugou Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):151-158.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.013]
罗玉沟流域水沙变化趋势及影响因素
- Title:
- Trends of Runoff and Sediment and Their Impact Factors in Luoyugou Watershed
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)01-0151-08
- Keywords:
- loess hilly and gully region; Luoyugou watershed; trends of streamflow and sediment; impact factors
- 分类号:
- S157
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探讨小流域水沙变化趋势及影响因素,为黄土高原丘陵沟壑区水土流失治理和水土保持措施布设提供参考依据。[方法]采取Spearman秩次相关检验方法、累积距平法和双累积曲线法等对黄土丘陵沟壑区罗玉沟流域1986—2016年降水量、径流量和输沙量变化趋势和演变过程进行分析。[结果](1)1986—2016年罗玉沟流域年降水量趋势性变化不显著; 流域年径流量和年输沙量变化具有明显的阶段性,以1993年为界,年径流量和年输沙量呈显著降低趋势。(2)降水和水土保持措施影响罗玉沟流域年径流量和输沙量,不同降水水平年,降水和水土保持措施对流域水沙变化的影响不同,水土保持措施使流域枯水年份径流量和输沙量减少最为显著。(3)水土保持措施对年径流量和年输沙量的减少贡献率分别为83.50%和80.97%。[结论]降水量变化不显著的情况下,水土保持措施对罗玉沟流域年径流量和年输沙量的减少起主导作用,水土保持综合治理对枯水年径流量和输沙量的影响幅度最大。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aims of this study are to explore trends and influencing factors of water and sediment changes in small watersheds, and to provide reference basis for soil erosion control and soil conservation measures in loess hilly and gully region. [Methods] The Spearman rank correlation test, cumulative anomaly, and double cumulative curve method were used to analyze the trend and evolution process of precipitation, runoff, and sediment transport in Luoyugou watershed of loess hilly and gully region from 1986 to 2016. [Results](1)The trend change of annual precipitation was not significant in Luoyugou basin from 1986 to 2016. The changes in annual runoff and sediment transport in the watershed had obvious stages, with the year 1993 as the boundary, and the annual runoff and sediment transport showed a significant downward trend.(2)Precipitation and soil and water conservation measures affected the annual runoff and sediment transport in Luoyugou watershed, and their influence on the changes of water and sediment varied with different precipitation levels. Soil and water conservation measures reduced the runoff and sediment transport in dry years of the watershed significantly.(3)The contribution rates of soil and water conservation measures to the reduction of annual runoff and annual sediment transport were 83.50% and 80.97%, respectively. [Conclusion] In the absence of significant changes in precipitation, soil and water conservation measures play a leading role in reducing the annual runoff and sediment transport in Luoyugou watershed. The comprehensive management of soil and water conservation has the greatest impact on the runoff and sediment transport in dry year.
参考文献/References:
[1] Wang Y, Liu W Z, Li Z, et al. Effect of comprehensive management on runoff and sediment reduction in Yanwachuan Watershed, Loess Tableland, China[J]. Nature Environment & Pollution Technology, 2014,13(3):465-472.
[2] 严坤.三峡库区农业生产方式改变及其对水土流失与面源污染影响:以万州区五桥河流域为例[D].北京:中国科学院大学(中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所),2020.
Yan K. Impact of changes in agricultural production mode in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area on soil and water loss and non-point source pollution:Taking Wuqiao River Basin in Wanzhou District as an example[D]. Beijing:University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, ministry of Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences),2020.
[3] Zheng M G, Yang J S, Qi D L, et al. Flow-sediment relationship as functions of spatial and temporal scales in hilly areas of the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Catena, 2012,98(17):29-40.
[4] Zhao G J, KondolfG M, Mu X M, et al. Sediment yield reduction associated with land use changes and check dams in a catchment of the Loess Plateau, China[J].Catena, 2017,148:126-137.
[5] 刘晓燕,刘昌明,杨胜天,等.基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析[J].地理学报,2014,69(11):1595-1603.
Liu X Y, Liu C M, Yang S T, et al. Influences of shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation coverage on the runoff based on the remote sensing data in Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014,69(11):1595-1603.
[6] Zheng M G, Qin F, Yang J S, et al. The spatio-temporal invariability of sediment concentration and the flow-sediment relationship for hilly areas of the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Catena, 2013,109:164-176.
[7] Li L J, Zhang L, Wang H, et al. Assessing the impact of climate variability and human activities on streamflow from the Wuding River basin in China[J].Hydrological Processes, 2010,21(25):3485-3491.
[8] 孙倩,于坤霞,李占斌,等.黄河中游多沙粗沙区水沙变化趋势及其主控因素的贡献率[J].地理学报,2018,73(5):945-956.
Sun Q, Yu K X, Li Z B, et al. The trends of streamflow and sediment and their driving factors in the middle reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018,73(5):945-956.
[9] 郭爱军,畅建霞,王义民,等.近50年泾河流域降雨—径流关系变化及驱动因素定量分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):165-171.
Guo A J, Chang J X, Wang Y M, et al. Variation characteristics of rainfall-runoff relationship and driving factors analysis in Jinghe river basin in nearly 50 years[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015,31(14):165-171.
[10] 王随继,闫云霞,颜明,等.皇甫川流域降水和人类活动对径流量变化的贡献率分析:累积量斜率变化率比较方法的提出及应用[J].地理学报,2012,67(3):388-397.
Wang S J, Yan Y X, Yan M, et al. Contributions of precipitation and human activities to the runoff change of the Huangfuchuan rainage basin:application of comparative method of the slope changing ratio of cumulative quantity[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012,67(3):388-397.
[11] 孙兆峰,王双银,刘晶,等.秃尾河流域径流衰减驱动力因子分析[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(2):310-320.
Sun Z F, Wang S Y, Liu J, et al. Driving force analysis of runoff attenuation in Tuwei River Basin[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017,32(2):310-320.
[12] 龚时旸,蒋德麒.黄河中游黄土丘陵沟壑区沟道小流域的水土流失及治理[J].中国科学,1978(6):671-678,707.
Gong S Y, Jiang D Q. The soil loss and treatment in a small watershed in loess area in the middle reaches of Yellow River[J]. Science in China, 1978(6):671-678,707.
[13] 张含玉.黄河中游多沙粗沙区侵蚀产沙变化特征及影响因子分析[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心),2016.
Zhang H Y. Spatiotemporal variation of soil erosion and its influence factors in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River[D]. Beijing:Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and ministry of Education, 2016.
[14] 于国强,李占斌,张茂省,等.水土保持措施对黄土高原小流域重力侵蚀的调控机理研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(4):646-654.
Yu G Q, Li Z B, Zhang M S, et al. Mechanisms of soil and water conservation measuremes regulating gravitational erosion in small watersheds on Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2012,49(4):646-654.
[15] 姚文艺,茹玉英,康玲玲.水土保持措施不同配置体系的滞洪减沙效应[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(2):28-31.
Yao W Y, Ru Y Y, Kang L L. Effect of flood retention and sediment reduction with different allocation system of water and soil conservation measures[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004,18(2):28-31.
[16] 蒋定生,江忠善,侯喜禄,等.黄土高原丘陵区水土流失规律与水土保持措施优化配置研究[J].水土保持学报,1992,6(3):14-17.
Jiang D S, Jiang Z S, Hou X L, et al. A study on process of soil and water conservation and disposition model of its control measures in loess hilly regioins[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1992,6(3):14-17.
[17] 顾朝军,穆兴民,孙文义,等.极端暴雨洪水及侵蚀产沙对延河流域植被恢复响应的比较研究[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(10):1755-1767.
Gu C J, Mu X M, Sun W Y, et al. Comparative analysis of the responses of rainstorm flood and sediment yield to vegetation rehabilitation in the Yanhe river basin[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017,32(10):1755-1767.
[18] 吕继强,张晓伟,沈冰,等.和田河年径流序列变化特征及驱动因素分析[J].水力发电学报,2010,29(5):165-169.
Lv J Q, Zhang X W, Shen B, et al. Variation trend and primary driving factors of the annual runoff in Hetian river[J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2010,29(5):165-169.
[19] 穆兴民,巴桑赤烈, Zhang L,等.黄河河口镇至龙门区间来水来沙变化及其对水利水保措施的响应[J].泥沙研究,2007(2):36-41.
Mu X M, Ba S, Zhang L, et al. Impact of soil conservation measures on runoff and sediment in Hekou-Longmen region of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of Sediment Research, 2007(2):36-41.
[20] 穆兴民,张秀勤,高鹏,等.双累积曲线方法理论及在水文气象领域应用中应注意的问题[J].水文,2010,30(4):47-51.
Mu X M, Zhang X Q, Gao P, et al. Theory of double mass curves and its applications in hydrology and meteorology[J]. Journal of China Hydrology, 2010,30(4):47-51.
[21] Xu J X. Variation in annual runoff of the Wudinghe River as influenced by climate change and human activity[J].Quaternary International, 2011,244(2):230-237.
[22] 陈瑞东,温永福,高鹏,等.极端降水条件下延河水沙特征对比分析及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2018,38(6):1920-1929.
Chen R D, Wen Y F, Gao P, et al. Comparative analysis of flow and sediment characteristics of the Yanhe River under extreme rainfall conditions and research oninfluence factors[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(6):1920-1929.
[23] 赵阳,余新晓.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型流域气候和土地利用变化对径流泥沙产量的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2013,35(3):39-45.
Zhao Y, Yu X X. Effects of climate variation and land use change on runoff-sediment yield in typical watershed of loess hilly-gully region[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2013,35(3):39-45.
[24] 寇馨月,王玉杰,张晓明,等.黄土丘陵第Ⅲ副区典型流域水沙演变过程及其驱动因素分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(7):85-93.
Kou X Y, Wang Y J, Zhang X M, et al. Runoff-sediment relationship and driving force of typical watershed in the third sub-region of hilly loess area, northwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2015,37(7):85-93.
[25] 张守红,刘苏峡,莫兴国,等.降雨和水保措施对无定河流域径流和产沙量影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(4):161-168.
Zhang S H, Liu S X, Mo X G, et al. Impacts of precipitation variation and soil and water conservation measures on runoff and sediment yield in the Wuding River Basin, middle reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2010,32(4):161-168.
[26] 张淑兰,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.泾河流域近50年来的径流时空变化与驱动力分析[J].地理科学,2011,29(6):721-727.
Zhang S L, Wang Y H, Yu P T, et al. Spatio-temporal variance of annaul runoff in jinghe river basin of Northwest China in past 50 years and its main causes[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011,29(6):721-727.
[27] 李二辉,穆兴民,赵广举.1919—2010年黄河上中游区径流量变化分析[J].水科学进展,2014,25(2):155-163.
Li E H, Mu X M, Zhao G J. Temporal changes in annual runoff and influential factors in the upper and middle reaches of YellowRiver from 1919—2010[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014,25(2):155-163.
[28] 郑培龙,李云霞,寇馨月,等.黄土高原藉河流域径流对气候和土地利用变化的响应[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(2):250-253.
Zheng P L, Li Y X, Kou X Y, et al. Effects of climate variation and land use change on runoff in Jiehe watershed of Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016,36(2):250-253.
[29] 郑金丽,严子奇,李东,等.黄河流域降雨—径流关系时空演变研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2021,32(4):77-85,92.
Zheng J L, Yan Z Q, Li D, et al. Spatio-temporal evolution of the rainfall-runoff relationship in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2021,32(4):77-85,92.
[30] 冉大川,姚文艺,吴永红,等.延河流域1997—2006年林草植被减洪减沙效应分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2014,12(1):1-9.
Ran D C, Yao W Y, Wu Y H, et al. Effect of forest-grass vegetation on reducing flood and sediment from 1997 to 2006 in Yanhe basin[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014,12(1):1-9.
[31] 刘晓燕,杨胜天,王富贵,等.黄土高原现状梯田和林草植被的减沙作用分析[J].水利学报,2014,45(11):1293-1300.
Liu X Y, Yang S T, Wang F G, et al. Analysis on sediment yield reduced by current terrace and shrubs-herbs-arbor vegetation in the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2014,45(11):1293-1300.
[32] 李勉,李平,杨二,等.黄土丘陵区淤地坝建设后小流域泥沙拦蓄与输移特征[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):80-86.
Li M, Li P, Yang E, et al. Characteristics of sediment retention and transport in small watershed after construction of check dams in Loess Hilly Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(18):80-86.
[33] 穆兴民,王文龙,徐学选.黄土高塬沟壑区水土保持对小流域地表径流的影响[J].水利学报,1999,30(2):73-77.
Mu X M, Wang W L, Xu X X. The influence of soil and water conservation on the surface runoff in the watersheds in the gully plateau region of the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1999,30(2):73-77.
[34] 晏清洪,原翠萍,雷廷武,等.降雨类型和水土保持对黄土区小流域水土流失的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(2):169-175.
Yan Q H, Yuan C P, Lei T W, et al. Effect of rainstorm patterns and soil erosion control practices on soil and water loss in small watershed on Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014,45(2):169-175.
相似文献/References:
[1]苏嫄,焦菊英,马祥华.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要群落地上生物量季节变化及其与土壤水分的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):7.
SU Yuan,JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua.Seasonal Variation of Aboveground Biomass of Main Plant Communities and Its Relationship with Soil Moisture in the Hill-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):7.
[2]王巧利,贾燕锋,王宁,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区自然恢复坡面植物根系的分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):16.
WANG Qiao-li,JIA Yan-feng,WANG Ning,et al.Distribution of Root on Vegetation Recovery Slope in the Hilly and Gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):16.
[3]张瑞,曹华,王云强,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域土壤水分空间变异性及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):52.
ZHANG Rui,CAO Hua,WANG Yun-qiang,et al.Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture and Its Influence Factors in Watershed of Gully Region on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):52.
[4]邝高明,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区微地形对土壤水分及生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):74.
KUANG Gao-ming,ZHU Qing-ke,LIU Zhong-qi,et al.Effect of Microrelief on the Soil Water and Vegetation Arrangement in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):74.
[5]王占礼,邵明安.黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):11.
Wang Zhanli,Shao Mingan.Soil Erosion Characters of Slope Land in the 2nd Sub-region of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(01):11.
[6]张兴昌.黄土丘陵沟壑区水平沟耕作效益研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):52.
Zhang Xingchang.The Benefit of Level Trench Tillage in Hilly-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(01):52.
[7]李忠武,蔡强国,唐政洪,等.晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产力影响因子研究——以王家沟流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):70.
LI Zhong-wu,CAI Qiang-guo,TANG Zheng-hong,et al.Analysis of Affecting Factors on Crop Production in Hilly Loess Region——Taking Wangjiagou Watershed as an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(01):70.
[8]张维江,孙保平,郭文锋,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域治沟骨干工程淤积量预报模型探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):107.
ZHANG Wei-jiang,SUN Bao-ping,GUO Wen-feng,et al.Approach to the Sediments Prediction Model of Check Dam in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):107.
[9]李旭霖,张复明,郝晋.黄土丘陵沟壑区生态环境建设探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):146.
LI Xulin,ZHANG Fuming,HAO Jinmin.Research on Building Eco-environment in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):146.
[10]马祥华,焦菊英,温仲明,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地土壤速效N的分布特征及其与物种多样性的关系[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):13.
MA Xiang-hua,JIAO Ju-ying,WEN Zhong-ming,et al.Distribution Characteristics of Soil Available Nitrogen and Its Correlation with Plant Species Diversity in Abandoned Lands in Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):13.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-11-23 修回日期:2022-12-14
资助项目:国家自然科学基金黄河水科学联合基金(U2243210); 黄河流域水土保持(12616201453102); 黄委优秀青年人才科技项目(HQK-202303)
第一作者:秦瑞杰(1985—),女,内蒙赤峰人,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为水土保持。E-mail:hwtsqrj@163.com
通信作者:肖培青(1972—),女,河南卫辉人,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:peixingxiao@163.com