ZHANG Fangning,YANG Liangjie,YANG Yongchun.Change of Vegetation NDVI and Its Response to Climatic and Human Activities in the Loess Plateau During 1981—2016[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(02):230-237.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.02.044]
1981—2016年黄土高原植被NDVI变化及对气候和人类活动的响应
- Title:
- Change of Vegetation NDVI and Its Response to Climatic and Human Activities in the Loess Plateau During 1981—2016
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)02-0230-08
- Keywords:
- vegetation change; Loess Plateau; climatic change; human activities; response
- 分类号:
- Q948
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 探析黄土高原植被覆盖演变及其驱动因素,有助于了解黄土高原生态现状,剖析植被变化和驱动因素,以期为区域生态环境治理和规划提供科学依据。基于黄土高原NDVI、气温、降水数据,采用变化趋势率分析、多元回归残差分析等方法,研究了1981—2016年黄土高原区植被NDVI变化特征及对气候和人类活动的响应。结果表明:(1)1981—2016年,黄土高原区植被NDVI呈东南高西北低的空间格局,整体上升率高,生态恢复效果显著; 在选择的45个地州市中,榆林、铜川、延安和渭南等地植被NDVI增加最快,兰西城市群和内蒙古部分区域植被呈减小趋势。(2)气候变化和人类活动的共同作用是近35年来黄土高原区植被NDVI整体快速增加和巨大空间差异的主要原因。气候变化对黄土高原NDVI变化的影响主要以轻微促进和中度促进为主,而农村人类活动、城市人类活动的影响主要为明显抑制和轻微抑制。(3)气候变化、农村人类活动和城市人类活动对黄土高原区植被NDVI增加的贡献率分别为82.03%,11.68%和6.29%; 气候变化贡献率大于60%的区域占黄土高原的76.9%,主要集中在黄土高原的东部和中部,人类活动对NDVI的影响主要是生产生活活动所导致,农村人类活动贡献率大于60%的区域占黄土高原的0.29%,分布在黄土高原南部,城市人类活动的贡献率均小于60%; 气候变化贡献率大于50%的地州市有44个,郑州、宝鸡和呼和浩特市的气候变化贡献率最大。综上,黄土高原植被呈现东南高西北低的特征,生态环境恢复效果显著,气候变化对植被的恢复以促进作用为主,而人类活动抑制作用明显。研究表明应该更加重视人类在植被恢复中的作用,为生态环境的治理和绿色发展提供参考。
- Abstract:
- Exploring the evolution of vegetation cover and its drivers on the Loess Plateau can help to understand the ecological status, dissect vegetation changes and drivers. In order to provide a scientific basis for ecological environmental management and planning, based on the data of NDVI, temperature and precipitation in the Loess Plateau, the changing of vegetation NDVI and its response to climate and human activities in the Loess Plateau during 1981—2016 were distinguished by using the methods of trend analysis and multiple regression residuals analysis. The results showed that:(1)during 1981—2016, the overall vegetation cover in the Loess Plateau was low, but the increase was high and ecological restoration was remarkable; the spatial pattern of vegetation NDVI was high in the southeast and low in the northwest in the Loess Plateau during 1981—2016, with a high overall increase and remarkable ecological restoration effect; Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration and some regions of Inner Mongolia were the areas with a decrease on NDVI in the selected 45 prefectures and cities, while the vegetation NDVI in Yulin, Tongchuan, Yan'an and Weinan increased much faster compared with other regions;(2)the climatic change and human activities drove the NDVI change jointly as main forces in the Loess Plateau in recent 35 years and induced both a rapid increasing trend on the whole and a huge spatial difference; the impact of climate change on NDVI in the Loess Plateau was mainly slightly promoted and moderately promoted, while the impacts of rural human activities and urban human activities was main inhibition and slight inhibition;(3)the contributions of climatic change, human activities in rural and urban areas to the increase of NDVI in the Loess Plateau accounted for 82.03%, 11.68% and 6.29%, respectively; the regions where the contribution rates of climatic change were more than 60% mainly distributed in the eastern and central parts of the Loess Plateau; the impact of human activities on NDVI was mainly caused by production and living activities, there were 0.29% regions where the contribution rates of rural human activities were more than 50% mainly distributed in the south of the Loess Plateau, the contribution rate of urban human activities was less than 60%; There were 22 prefectures and cities where the contributions of climatic change were more than 50%, and the contributions induced by climatic change in Zhengzhou, Baoji, and Hohhot were much greater than those of any other regions. In summary, the vegetation coverage on the Loess Plateau showed a characteristic of high level in the southeast and low level in the northwest, with significant ecological and environmental restoration effects. Climate change had been having a facilitative effect on the recovery of vegetation, while the inhibiting effect of human activities was evident. This study suggested that more attention should be paid to the role of humans in vegetation restoration, and provided a reference for ecological environment management.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-12-07 修回日期:2021-12-17
资助项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目(41501176); 国家自然科学基金地区项目(41961030)
第一作者:张芳宁(1998—),女,甘肃静宁人,硕士研究生,主要从事城市发展与城市规划研究。E-mail:zfn66808@163.com
通信作者:杨亮洁(1977—),女,甘肃静宁人,博士,副教授,主要从事经济地理、城市地理、城市空间组织、城市网络和生态网络方面的研究。E-mail:yangljmnx@163.com