YAN Yiquan,LIU Qi,DENG Dapeng,et al.Effect of Short-Time Heavy Rainfall on Soil Surface Loss/Underground Leakage of Karst Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):77-82.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.20220428.002]
短时强降雨对岩溶坡面土壤地表流失/地下漏失的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Short-Time Heavy Rainfall on Soil Surface Loss/Underground Leakage of Karst Slope
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)01-0077-06
- Keywords:
- karst rocky desertification; rainfall intensity alternation; laboratory simulation; soil and water loss
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为研究岩溶地区雨强变化对水土地表流失和地下漏失的影响,对中国西南典型岩溶石漠化地区30年来的降雨特征进行了分析,并采用室内模拟试验,通过控制不同降雨时间和强度,研究其对土壤地表流失/地下漏失的影响。结果表明:(1)降雨强度与土壤地表流失量/地下漏失量均呈正比关系,但降雨强度的大小交替顺序对土壤地表流失/地下漏失量的影响存在差异,雨强大的降雨发生在降雨过程的后期更易发生土壤地下漏失。(2)短时多次降雨之间的时间间隔对土壤地表流失量和地下漏失量影响显著,集中性大雨比间断性大雨更易引发岩溶坡面土壤地表流失及地下漏失。短时多次降雨之间无雨的时间越长越不易发生水土流失和漏失。(3)降雨前期,降雨强度与土壤地表流失速率之间呈正相关关系,降雨中后期,土壤地表流失速率不受降雨强度的变化影响。降雨过程中,土壤地下漏失速率随着降雨强度的增大而升高。研究成果可为岩溶石漠化地区水土流失精准防治提供技术支撑。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the influence of rainfall intensity changes in karst areas on surface water and soil loss and underground leakage, the rainfall characteristics of typical rocky desertification areas in the past 30 years were analyzed, and the influence of different rainfall intensities on soil surface loss/underground leakage was studied by using indoor rainfall simulation method. The results show that:(1)there was a positive correlation between rainfall intensity and soil surface loss/underground leakage, but the alternate order of rainfall intensity had an impact on soil surface loss/underground leakage; heavy rainfall was more likely to cause soil underground leakage at the late stage of rainfall process;(2)the time interval between short-term multiple rainfalls had a significant impact on soil surface loss and underground leakage; concentrated heavy rain was more likely to cause soil surface loss and underground leakage on karst slope than intermittent heavy rain; the longer the time of no rainfall between short-term multiple rainfalls was, the less soil erosion and leakage occurred;(3)in the early stage of rainfall, there was a positive correlation between rainfall intensity and soil surface loss rate; in the middle and late stages of rainfall, soil surface loss rate was not affected by the change of rainfall intensity; soil underground leakage rate increased with rainfall intensity during the whole rainfall process. These research results can provide technical support for accurate prevention and control of soil erosion in karst rocky desertification area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-09-10 修回日期:2021-11-19
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41772292); 同济大学第十五期实验教学改革资助项目
第一作者:闫钇全(1997—),男,河南南阳人,在读硕士,主要从事水文地质工程地质方面的研究。E-mail:yan360361883@qq.com
通信作者:刘琦(1980—),女,内蒙古包头人,博士,副研究员,主要从事水文地质工程地质方面的教学和研究。E-mail:liuqi472@163.com