XIAO Ye,HUANG Zhigang,LI Youfeng,et al.Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity of Typical Vegetation Types in Chishui River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):275-283.
赤水河流域典型植被类型的土壤微生物群落结构与多样性
- Title:
- Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity of Typical Vegetation Types in Chishui River Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)06-0275-09
- Keywords:
- Chishui River Basin; vegetation type; microbial community; high-throughput sequencing; environmental factors
- 分类号:
- S154.37
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 土壤微生物是反映土壤环境质量的重要指标,为明确赤水河流域典型植被类型土壤微生物群落特征及优势菌属,为生态系统的恢复与管理提供理论依据,采用高通量测序技术研究了赤水河流域的5种典型植被类型(灌丛、针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、杉木林和竹林)土壤的微生物群落结构及多样性,并探讨了其主要影响因子。结果表明:(1)不同植被类型的细菌和真菌丰富度Chao1指数差异均不显著,说明二者所观测到的物种总数没有差异。Shannon指数显示各植被类型微生物多样性存在一定差异,细菌多样性以竹林最低,显著性低于灌丛和针阔混交林(p<0.05); 真菌多样性以灌丛和杉木林显著性高于其他3种植被类型(p<0.05)。(2)5种植被类型土壤细菌优势门(相对丰度>10%)主要有变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)。其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)在灌丛、针阔混交林和常绿阔叶林中占绝对优势(相对丰度为29.70%～33.62%),而放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)则在杉木林和竹林中最为丰富,相对丰度占比分别为32.88%,29.88%。各植被类型土壤真菌门以子囊菌门(Ascomycota)为绝对优势菌群(相对丰度>49%)。(3)5种植被类型土壤细菌和真菌中优势菌属差异较大。在细菌属水平上,针阔混交林和竹林分别以未定名的Vicinamibacterales和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为优势,而其他3种植被类型则以节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)最丰富。在真菌属水平上,灌丛和常绿阔叶林中优势关键属为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)未分类真菌属(unclassified_p_Ascomycota),杉木林以被孢霉属(Mortierella)最丰富,而针阔混交林和竹林中均以沙蜥属(Saitozyma)相对丰度最高。(4)NMDS分析表明,土壤细菌与真菌群落空间分布差异显著。(5)冗余分析表明,土壤含水量、pH值和TN(总氮)对土壤细菌群落结构具有显著性的影响,而pH值、容重、TOC(总有机碳)、TN和TP(总磷)对真菌群落结构影响显著。综合分析可知,针阔混交林土壤细菌群落较丰富,杉木林土壤真菌生长较旺盛,而灌丛土壤细菌和真菌多样性均较高,应采取有效措施提高主要林分土壤养分,从而激发微生物的生长,改善土壤环境。
- Abstract:
- Soil microorganism is an important indicator of soil environmental quality. The characteristics and dominant species of soil microbial community under typical vegetation types in the Chishui River Basin were clarified in order to provide a theoretical basis for ecosystem restoration and management. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the microbial community structure and diversity of soil in five typical vegetation types such as shrub(SH), mixed conifer broadleaf forest(MCBF), evergreen broad-leaved forest(EBF), Chinese fir forest(CFF)and bamboo forest(BF)and to investigate the main influencing factors. The results showed that:(1)There was no significant difference in the Chao1 index of bacteria and fungi among the different vegetation types, indicating that there was no difference in the total number of species observed among five vegetation types. The Shannon index showed that there were certain differences in microbial diversity among the five vegetation types. BF had the lowest bacterial diversity, which was significantly lower than that of SH and MCBF(p<0.05). The fungal diversity in SH and CFF was significantly higher than that in the other three planting types(p<0.05).(2)The dominant group of bacteria phylum(relative abundance>10%)in five vegetation types were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota. Proteobacteria was dominant in SH, MCBF and EBF(the relative abundance ranged from 29.70% to 33.62%). But Actinobacteriota was the most abundant in CFF and BF, accounting for 32.88% and 29.88%, respectively. Ascomycota was the absolute dominant group of soil fungi in different vegetation types(with the highest relative abundance>49%).(3)The dominant genus in soil bacteria and fungi of five vegetation types were significantly different. At the genus level of bacteria, Vicinamibacterales and Bacillus were dominant in MCBF and BF, respectively. While Arthrobacter was the most dominant species in the other three vegetation types. At the fungal level, the dominant genus in SH and EBF was unclassified_p_Ascomycota. Mortierella was the most abundant taxa in CFF, while Saitozyma in MCBF and BF had the highest relative abundance.(4)NMDS analysis showed that there was significant differences in the spatial distribution of soil bacterial and fungal communities among different vegetation types.(5)Redundancy analysis showed that soil moisture content, pH value and TN had significant effects on soil bacterial community structure, while fungal community structure was significantly driven by pH, bulk density, TOC, TN and TP. Comprehensive analysis showed that MCNF had rich soil bacterial community and the growth of soil fungi in CFF was vigorous. While soil bacterial and fungal diversity were high in SH. It is necessary to take effective measures to improve soil nutrients of the main stand, to stimulate the growth of microorganisms and improve the soil environment.
参考文献/References:
[1] 翟辉,张海,张超,等.黄土峁状丘陵区不同类型林分土壤微生物功能多样性[J].林业科学,2016,52(12):84-91.
[2] Wu L H, Liu J L, Zhao J. Pyrosequencing: based assessment of bacterial community structure in Wuliangsuhai Wetland[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2014,955/959(30):459-462.
[3] 赵辉,周运超,任启飞.不同林龄马尾松人工林土壤微生物群落结构和功能多样性演变[J].土壤学报,2020,57(1):227-238.
[4] 丁令智,满秀玲,肖瑞晗,等.寒温带森林根际土壤微生物量碳氮含量生长季内动态变化[J].林业科学,2019,55(7):178-186.
[5] 杨云礼,徐明,邹晓,等.不同植被类型对黔中山地丘陵区土壤细菌群落特征的影响研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2021,37(4):518-525.
[6] 夏北威.植被对土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(3):296-300.
[7] Zhao C, Long J, Liao H, et al. Dynamics of soil microbial communities following vegetation succession in a karst mountain ecosystem, Southwest China[J]. Scientific reports, 2019,9(1):1-10.
[8] 张胜男,闫德仁,黄海广,等.短期封育对科尔沁沙地榆树疏林土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].生态学杂志,2020,39(9):2860-2867.
[9] Nottingham A T, Noah F, Turner B L, et al. Microbes follow humboldt: temperature drives plant and soil microbial diversity patterns from the amazon to the andes[J]. Ecology, 2018,99(11):2455-2466.
[10] 刘洋,黄懿梅,曾全超.黄土高原不同植被类型下土壤细菌群落特征研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3931-3938.
[11] 赵静,唐剑波,黄尚书,等.赤水河流域水土流失类型区划分及防治对策[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(14):3369-3371.
[12] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[13] 李金业,陈庆锋,李青,等.黄河三角洲滨海湿地微生物多样性及其驱动因子研究[J].生态学报,2021,41(15):1-10.
[14] 汪思龙,黄志群,王清奎,等.凋落物的树种多样性与杉木人工林土壤生态功能[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):474-480.
[15] Koga K, Suehiro Y, Matsuoka S T, et al. Evaluation of growth activity of microbes in tea field soil using microbial calorimetry[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2003,95(5):429-434.
[16] Yao S R, Merwin I A, Bird G W, et al. Orchard floor management practices that maintain vegetative or biomass groundcover stimulate soil microbial activity and alter soil microbial community composition[J]. Plant and Soil, 2005,271(1/2):377-389.
[17] Yang J K, Zhang J J, Yu H Y, et al. Community composition and cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria from forest soils planted with broad-leaved deciduous and evergreen trees[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2014,98:1449-1458.
[18] Ramirez K S, Craine J M, Fierer N. Consistent effects of nitrogen amendments on soil microbial communities and processes across biomes [J]. Global Change Biology, 2012,18(6):1918-1927.
[19] Griffiths R I, Thomson B C, James P, et al. The bacterial biogeography of British soils [J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2011,13:1642-1654.
[20] 范雅倩,安菁,梁晨.北京市松山国家级自然保护区典型植被群落的土壤微生物群落结构特征[J].北方园艺,2021(1):81-86.
[21] Ferreira de Araujo A S, Bezerra W M, Santos V M, et al. Fungal diversity in soils across a gradient of preserved Brazilian Cerrado[J]. Journal of Microbiology, 2017,55(4):273-279.
[22] Crowther T W, Van Den Hoogen J, Wan J, et al. The global soil community and its influence on biogeoche-mistry[J]. Science, 2019,365(6455).DOI:10.1126/science.aav0550.
[23] 孙英杰,何成新,徐广平,等.广西十万大山地区不同植被类型土壤微生物特征[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(2):352-359.
[24] 费裕翀,叶义全,郑宏,等.外源氮素调控C/N比对杉木林凋落叶细菌群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2021,41(5):2011-2023.
[25] Yang Y, Dou Y X, Huang Y M, et al. Links between soil fungal diversity and plant and soil properties on the Loess Plateau[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017,8.DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02198.
[26] Zhang C, Wang J, Liu G, et al. Impact of soil leachate on microbial biomass and diversity affected by plant diversity[J]. Plant and Soil, 2019,439(1):505-523.
[27] He D, Shen W J, Eberwein J, et al. Diversity and co-occurrence network of soil fungi are more responsive than those of bacteria to shifts in precipitation seasonality in a subtropical forest[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2017,115:499-510.
[28] 刘旻霞,蒋晓轩,李全弟,等.兰州北山不同植被土壤可培养微生物丰度变化特征及影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2020,40(6):2683-2691.
相似文献/References:
[1]张永旺,万珊珊,王 俊,等.黄土高原植被演替过程中土壤水分亏缺[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(05):120.
ZHANG Yongwang,WAN Shanshan,WANG Jun,et al.Soil Water Deficit During Vegetation Succession on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(06):120.
[2]朱平宗,张光辉,杨文利,等.红壤区林地浅沟不同植被类型土壤生态化学计量特征[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(06):60.
ZHU Pingzong,ZHANG Guanghui,YANG Wenli,et al.Characteristics of Soil Ecological Stoichiometry of Different Vegetation Types in Ephemeral Gully of Forestland in Red Soil Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(06):60.
[3]周永维,葛 瑶,艾 宁,等.南泥湾湿地不同植被类型土壤养分变化规律与肥力评价[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(05):76.
ZHOU Yongwei,GE Yao,AI Ning,et al.Soil Nutrient Variation Pattern and Fertility Evaluation in Different Vegetation Types in Nanniwan Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(06):76.
[4]江 雯,汪军红,孙 鹏,等.大别山区不同降雨和植被条件下梯地产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(01):28.
JIANG Wen,WANG Junhong,SUN Peng,et al.Study on Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Terrace Land Under Different Rainfall and Vegetation Conditions in Dabie Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):28.
[5]梁任刚,周 旭,李 松,等.基于CWSI的贵州省干旱时空变化特征及影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(03):284.
LIANG Rengang,ZHOU Xu,LI Song,et al.Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Drought in Guizhou Province and Its Influencing Factors Based on CWSI[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):284.
[6]朱锐鹏,刘殿君,张世豪,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同土地利用类型水土流失效应[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(04):10.
ZHU Ruipeng,LIU Dianjun,ZHANG Shihao,et al.Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Different Land Use Types in Hilly and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):10.
[7]廖娇娇,窦艳星,安韶山.黄土高原不同植被群落多样性与土壤有机碳密度关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(04):75.
LIAO Jiaojiao,DOU Yanxing,AN Shaoshan.Relationship Between Vegetation Community Diversity and Soil Organic Carbon Density on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):75.
[8]王东丽,郭莹莹,谢 伟,等.风沙黄土区排土场不同恢复类型植物群落与土壤种子库特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(05):171.
WANG Dongli,GUO Yingying,XIE Wei,et al.Community and Soil Seed Bank Characteristics of Different Vegetation Restoration Types in Aeolian Sandy Loess Dumps[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):171.
[9]朱谧远,武小飞,李晨辉,等.黄土高原陡坡地不同植被类型及恢复过程对径流泥沙的影响[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(06):57.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.06.002]
Zhu Miyuan,Wu Xiaofei,Li Chenhui,et al.Effects of Different Vegetation Types and Restoration Processes on Runoff and Sediment on Steep Slopes of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(06):57.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.06.002]
[10]王 磊,刘晴廙,史经攀,等.平原沙土区河岸带不同植被类型对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(01):96.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.011]
Wang Lei,Liu Qingyi,Shi Jingpan,et al.Effects of Different Vegetation Types on Soil Aggregate Stability in Riparian Zone of Plain Sandy Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(06):96.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.011]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-08-30 修回日期:2021-09-27
资助项目:贵州省省级科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y194); 贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2019]105); 遵义市科技局和遵义师范学院联合科技研发资金项目(遵市科合HZ字268号); 遵义师范学院科研项目(遵师BS[2019]30,BS[2019]33号)
第一作者:肖烨(1979—),女,湖南衡阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事湿地与环境研究。E-mail:xiaoye8417@sina.cn
通信作者:黄志刚(1978—),男,湖南常德人,博士,副教授,主要从事生态学研究。E-mail:huangzhigang2016@sina.com