QIU Dexun,MU Xingmin,ZHAO Guangju,et al.Effects of Precipitation Extremes Change on Streamflow and Sediment Load in Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):65-72.
渭河流域极端降雨变化趋势及其对水沙情势的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Precipitation Extremes Change on Streamflow and Sediment Load in Weihe River Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)06-0065-08
- 分类号:
- P333.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究渭河流域极端降雨变化趋势及其对水沙情势的影响,采用非参数趋势检验、突变检验和连续小波变换诊断了渭河流域1960—2019年的极端降雨指数及径流输沙序列的变异特征,通过双累积曲线法和相关分析法定量评估了流域极端降雨对水沙变化的影响。结果表明:各极端降雨指数呈阶段性波动变化,总体上PRCPTOT,RX5day和RX1day呈不显著下降趋势,R95pTOT,SDII和FSPTOT呈不显著上升趋势。各极端降雨指数均存在以4～6 a,11～12 a,28～29 a为周期的变化特征。径流与输沙量均呈显著减少趋势,分别在1993年、1999年发生突变,其中径流存在5 a和12 a的周期。各极端降雨指数均与径流、输沙量正相关,相比之下,输沙量与各极端降雨指数之间的相关系数偏低。极端降雨变化对径流与输沙量的减少具有重要影响。其中,PRCPTOT对径流减少的影响最大(29.65%),其次是RX5day(25.68%)和FSPTOT(25.95%)。PRCPTOT对输沙量减少的影响也是最大的(10.02%),其次是RX5day(7.12%)。综上,渭河流域水沙情势的变化受极端降雨的显著影响。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the trend of extreme rainfall and its impact on water and sediment regime in the Weihe River Basin, we used nonparametric trend analysis, abrupt change analysis and continuous wavelet transform to diagnose the variation characteristics of extreme rainfall index, runoff and sediment transport in the Weihe River Basin from 1960 to 2019. Moreover, we quantitatively evaluated the impact of extreme rainfall on water and sediment variation in the Weihe River Basin through double cumulative curve method and correlation analysis method. The results show that: The extreme rainfall indices fluctuate over time; On the whole, PRCPTOT, RX5day, and RX1day show downward trend(p>0.05), while R95pTOT, SDII and FSPTOT show upward trend(p>0.05). In addition, each extreme rainfall index has the periodic variation characteristics of 4～6 years, 11～12 years, and 28～29 years. The annual streamflow and annual sediment load show a significant decreasing trend, with abrupt changes in 1993 and 1999, respectively. The streamflow has periods of 5 years and 12 years. On the time scale of 12 years, the changes of streamflow and extreme rainfall indices are basically synchronous. Each index is positively correlated with streamflow and sediment load. By contrast, the correlation between sediment load and extreme rainfall index is low. Extreme rainfall changes have an important impact on the reduction of runoff and sediment load. PRCPTOT has the greatest impact on streamflow reduction(29.65%), followed by RX5day(25.68%)and FSPTOT(25.95%). Similarly, PRCPTOT also has the greatest impact on the reduction of sediment load(10.02%), followed by RX5day(7.12%). In a word, the change of water and sediment regime in the Weihe River Basin is significantly affected by extreme rainfall.
参考文献/References:
[1] Wang S, Fu B, Piao S, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2015,9:38-41.
[2] 胡春宏,张晓明.论黄河水沙变化趋势预测研究的若干问题[J].水利学报,2018,49(9):1028-1039.
[3] 姚文艺,高亚军,张晓华.黄河径流与输沙关系演变及其相关科学问题[J].中国水土保持科学,2020,18(4):1-11.
[4] 胡春宏.黄河水沙变化与治理方略研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(10):1-11.
[5] 穆兴民,赵广举,高鹏,等.黄河未来输沙量态势及其适用性对策[J].水土保持通报,2020,40(5):328-332.
[6] 钟科元,郑粉莉,吴红艳,等.松花江流域极端降雨变化对流域输沙量的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):245-252,321.
[7] Gao P, Geissen V, Ritsema C J, et al. Impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities on stream flow and sediment discharge in the Wei River basin, China[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2013,17:961-972.
[8] 朱恒峰,赵文武,康慕谊,等.水土保持地区人类活动对汛期径流影响的估算[J].水科学进展,2008,19(3):400-406.
[9] 周佩华,王占礼.黄土高原土壤侵蚀暴雨的研究[J].水土保持学报,1992,6(3):1-5.
[10] 卢寿德,卢广毓,巩琳.无定河流域2017年“7·26”暴雨洪水特征分析[J].人民黄河,2018,40(12):25-27,32.
[11] 雷成茂,李焯,郭邵萌.2016年黄河西柳沟“8·17”暴雨洪水分析[J].人民黄河,2017,39(11):63-65.
[12] KEO Soksamnang,何洪鸣,赵宏飞,等.黄土高50余年来降雨侵蚀力变化及其对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):1-7.
[13] 卫伟,陈利顶,傅伯杰,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区极端降雨事件及其对径流泥沙的影响[J].干旱区地理,2007,30(6):896-901.
[14] 赵阳,胡春宏,张晓明,等.近70年黄河流域水沙情势及其成因分析[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(2):112-119.
[15] 韩丹丹,穆兴民,高鹏,等.极端降雨条件下大理河流域水沙特征对比分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2019,17(6):61-68.
[16] 王光谦,张长春,刘家宏,等.黄河流域多沙粗沙区植被覆盖变化与减水减沙效益分析[J].泥沙研究,2006(2):10-16.
[17] 韩勇,郑粉莉,徐锡蒙,等.子午岭林区浅层滑坡侵蚀与植被的关系:以富县“7·21”特大暴雨为例[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4635-4643.
[18] Diffenbaugh N S, Singh D, Mankin J S, et al. Quantifying the influence of global warming on unprecedented extreme climate events[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2017,114(19):4881-4886.
[19] Du M, Zhang J, Yang Q, et al. Spatial and temporal variation of rainfall extremes for the North Anhui Province Plain of China over 1976—2018[J]. Natural Hazards, 2020,105:1-21.
[20] 孙维婷.延河流域极端降雨时空变化及其对水沙变化的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[21] 张倩,延军平.渭河下游水沙变化趋势分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(9):35-40.
[22] Chang J X, Wang Y M, Istanbulluoglu E, et al. Impact of climate change and human activities on runoff in the Weihe River Basin,China[J]. Quaternary International, 2015,380/381:169-179.
[23] 邹磊,余江游,王飞宇,等.渭河流域极端降雨时空演变规律及其对大气环流因子的响应[J].干旱区研究,2021,38(8):764-774.
[24] 冯星,郭建青,孙东永,等.近55 a渭河流域气候变化[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(4):718-725.
[25] 白云鹏,赵广举,张丽梅,等.近55年来渭河流域输沙变化及驱动因子分析[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(4):91-97.
[26] 徐瑞瑞,高鹏,穆兴民,等.渭河流域水沙时空变化及其对人类活动的响应[J].人民黄河,2020,42(3):17-24.
[27] 赵静,黄强,刘登峰.渭河流域水沙演变规律分析[J].水力发电学报,2015,34(3):14-20.
[28] Yue S, Pilon P, Phinney B, et al. The influence of autocorrelation on the ability to detect trend in hydrological series[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2002,16(9):1807-1829.
[29] 穆兴民,张秀勤,高鹏,等.双累积曲线方法理论及在水文气象领域应用中应注意的问题[J].水文,2010,30(4):47-51.
[30] 穆兴民,宋小燕,高鹏,等.哈尔滨站径流、输沙的多时间尺度特征[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(1):135-144.
[31] 陈发中,戴明英,吴卿.渭河水沙变化及特性分析[J].人民黄河,1999,21(8):18-20,48.
[32] 刘晓琼,刘彦随,李同昇,等.基于小波多尺度变换的渭河水沙演变规律研究[J].地理科学,2015,35(2):211-217.
[33] Li B Q, Liang Z M, Zhang J Y, et al. Attribution analysis of runoff decline in a semiarid region of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2018,131:845-855.
[34] Wu J W, Miao C Y, Yang T T, et al. Modeling streamflow and sediment responses to climate change and human activities in the Yanhe River, China[J]. Hydrology Research, 2018,49:150-162.
[35] 赵广举,穆兴民,温仲明,等.皇甫川流域降水和人类活动对水沙变化的定量分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(4):1-8.
相似文献/References:
[1]焦菊英,马祥华,王飞,等.渭河流域侵蚀产沙强度的区域分异特征[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(04):60.
JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua,WANG Fei,et al.Regional Variation Features of Sediment Yield Intensity in the Wei River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(06):60.
[2]尚华.陕西渭河流域水资源与生态问题研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(05):89.
SHANG Hua.Study on the Water Resources and Ecological Environment in Weihe River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(06):89.
[3]蔡新玲,蔡依晅,叶殿秀,等.渭河流域降雨结构时空演变特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(06):370.
CAI Xinling,CAI Yixuan,YE Dianxiu,et al.Spatiotemporal Variability Characteristics of Precipitation Pattern in Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(06):370.
[4]柴雪柯,高鹏,蒋观滔,等.渭河流域降雨侵蚀力时空变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(03):25.
CHAI Xueke,GAO Peng,JIANG Guantao,et al.Spatiotemporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity in Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):25.
[5]王丽霞,余东洋,刘招,等.渭河流域NDVI与气候因子时空变化及相关性研究[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(02):249.
WANG Lixia,YU Dongyang,LIU Zhao,et al.Study on Tempo-spatial Variations of NDVI and Climatic Factors and Their Correlation in the Weihe Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):249.
[6]刘引鸽,胡浩楠,周欢欢,等.近200年来渭河流域干旱洪涝事件特征[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(04):217.
LIU Yinge,HU Haonan,ZHOU Huanhuan,et al.Characteristics of Drought and Flood Events in the Weihe River Basin in the Past 200 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):217.
[7]张海宁,周 旗,毛雨唯,等.渭河流域极端降水特性指标分析[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(03):128.
ZHANG Haining,ZHOU Qi,MAO Yuwei,et al.Analysis of Extreme Precipitation Characteristics in Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):128.
[8]李欢玮,赵广举,穆兴民,等.渭河水文情势变化评估及归因分析[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(01):91.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.20220620.010]
LI Huanwei,ZHAO Guangju,MU Xingmin,et al.Alteration of Hydrologic Regime and Analysis on Its Diving Factors of the Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(06):91.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.20220620.010]
[9]赵孟丽,李同昇,李炬霖.渭河流域人口与经济空间分布一致性及影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(05):325.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.05.049.]
ZHAO Mengli,LI Tongsheng,LI Julin.Study on the Consistency and Influencing Factors of Population and Economic Spatial Distribution in the Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(06):325.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.05.049.]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-08-17 修回日期:2021-09-09
资助项目:国家自然科学基金“黄土高原水土保持措施潜力及其对河流水沙的调控机制”(U2243211)
第一作者:邱德勋(1997—),男,山东临沂人,在读硕士,研究方向为水土保持与流域生态水文。E-mail:qiudexun97@163.com
通信作者:高鹏(1976—),男,陕西扶风人,博士,研究员,主要从事水土保持与流域生态水文研究。E-mail:gaopeng@ms.iswc.ac.cn