SU Yuanyi,CHEN Tianqing,ZHANG Panpan,et al.Study on Erosion Process Characteristics of Frozen Soil Slope in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):1-7.
黄土丘陵区冻土坡面侵蚀过程特征研究
- Title:
- Study on Erosion Process Characteristics of Frozen Soil Slope in Loess Hilly Region
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)06-0001-07
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探究黄土丘陵区未冻坡面和冻土坡面在不同径流坡长条件下侵蚀之间的差异,在室内进行模拟冷冻和放水冲刷试验,采用3种径流坡长(2 m,4 m和6 m)和2种坡面类型(未冻坡面和冻土坡面),定量研究了未冻坡面和冻土坡面的产流产沙过程和水沙关系。结果表明:(1)未冻坡面和冻土坡面的初始产流时间均随着径流坡长的延长而缩短,在相同径流坡长条件下,冻土坡面的初始产流时间较未冻坡面减少;(2)未冻坡面的平均产流量与平均产沙量和冻土坡面的平均产沙量均随着径流坡长的延长而增大,而冻土坡面的平均产流量随着径流坡长的变化无显著差异;(3)未冻坡面产流率和产沙率的关系分为缓慢和急速增加两个阶段,而冻土坡面的产沙率则随着产流率的增大而增大;(4)累积产流量与累积产沙量之间呈正相关关系,参数c的绝对值与径流坡长呈正比,并且冻土坡面大于未冻坡面。土壤冻结后使初始产流时间大大缩短,径流量的增加伴随着冻结土壤的不断融化导致冻土坡面侵蚀加剧。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the differences in erosion between unfrozen slope and frozen slope under different runoff slope lengths in the Loess Hilly Region, simulated freezing and water discharge scouring tests were carried out indoors. Three runoff slope lengths(2 m, 4 m and 6 m)and two slope types(unfrozen slope and frozen slope)were used to quantitatively study the runoff and sediment yield process and water sediment relationship between unfrozen slope and frozen slope. The results show that:(1)The initial flow production time of both unfrozen slopes and permafrost slopes decreases with the extension of runoff slope length, and the initial flow production time of permafrost slopes decreases compared with unfrozen slopes under the same runoff slope length;(2)The average flow production, the average sand production on unfrozen slopes and the average sand production on frozen slopes both increase with the extension of runoff slope length, while the average flow production on frozen slopes does not differ significantly with the change of runoff slope length.(3)The relationship between flow production rate and sand production rate on unfrozen slopes is divided into two stages: slow and rapid increase, while sand production rate on frozen soil slopes increases with the increase of flow production rate.(4)There is a positive correlation between cumulative flow production and cumulative sand production, and the absolute value of parameter c is proportional to the runoff slope length, and is greater on the frozen slope than on the unfrozen slope. The freezing of soil shortens the initial flow production time significantly, and the increase in runoff volume is accompanied by the continuous melting of frozen soil leading to increased erosion on the frozen slope.
参考文献/References:
[1] 景国臣.冻融侵蚀的类型及其特征研究[J].中国水土保持,2003,24(10):21-22.
[2] 范昊明,蔡强国.冻融侵蚀研究进展[J].中国水土保持科学,2003,1(4):50-55.
[3] 魏霞,丁永建,李勋贵.冻融侵蚀研究的回顾与展望[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(2):271-275.
[4] 张科利,刘宏远.东北黑土区冻融侵蚀研究进展与展望[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(1):17-24.
[5] Kværnø S H, Øygarden L. The influence of freeze-thaw cycles and soil moisture on aggregate stability of three soils in Norway[J]. Catena, 2006,67(3):175-182.
[6] Chow T L, Rees H W, Monteith J. Seasonal distribution of runoff and soil loss under four tillage treatments in the upper St. John River valley New Brunswick, Canada[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 2000,80(4):649-660.
[7] Su Y Y, Li P, Ren Z P, et al. Freeze-thaw effects on erosion process in loess slope under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2020,12(6):937-949.
[8] Zuzel J F, Pikul J L. Effects of straw mulch on runoff and erosion from small agricultural plots in northeastern oregon[J]. Soil Science.1993,156(2),111-117.
[9] Demidov V V, Ostroumov V Y, Nikitishena I A, et al. Seasonal freezing and soil erosion during snowmelt[J]. Eurasian Soil Science, 1995,28(10):78-87.
[10] Barnes N, Luffman I, Nandi A. Gully erosion and freeze-thaw processes in clay-rich soils, northeast tennessee, USA [J]. GeoResJ, 2016,9:67-76.
[11] Li G Y, Fan H M. Effect of freeze-thaw on water stability of aggregates in a black soil of northeast China[J]. Pedosphere, 2014,24(2):285-290.
[12] 王随继.黄河中游冻融侵蚀的表现方式及其产沙能力评估[J].水土保持通报,2004,24(6):1-5.
[13] Chang E H, Li P, Li Z B, et al. Using water isotopes to analyze water uptake during vegetation succession on abandoned cropland on the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Catena, 2019,181:104095.
[14] Su Y Y, Li P, Ren Z P, et al. Slope erosion and hydraulics during thawing of the sand-covered Loess Plateau[J]. Water,2020,12(9):2461.
[15] 李强,刘国彬,许明祥,等.黄土丘陵区冻融对土壤抗冲性及相关物理性质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17):105-112.
[16] 孙宝洋,吴志广,李占斌,等.冻融对土壤分离能力及侵蚀阻力的影响[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(11):57-65.
[17] 王恩姮,赵雨森,陈祥伟.季节性冻融对典型黑土区土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):889-894.
[18] 赵显波,刘铁军,许士国,等.季节冻土区黑土耕层土壤冻融过程及水分变化[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(1):233-240.
[19] 赵云朵,胡霞.基于CT研究冻融对高寒草甸土壤孔隙结构的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):362-367.
[20] Wang T, Li P, Liu Y, et al. Experimental investigation of freeze-thaw meltwater compound erosion and runoff energy consumption on loessal slopes[J]. Catena, 2020,185:104310.
[21] Wang T, Li P, Ren Z P, et al. Effects of freeze-thaw on soil erosion processes and sediment selectivity under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2017,9(2):234-243.
[22] 张辉,李鹏,鲁克新,等.冻融作用对坡面侵蚀及泥沙颗粒分选的影响[J].土壤学报,2017,54(4):836-843.
[23] 张洋,张辉,李占斌,等.不同降雨强度下黄土区冻土坡面产流产沙过程及水沙关系[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(11):136-142.
相似文献/References:
[1]姚志宏,杨勤科,王粉萍,等.黄土丘陵区影响土壤水分的非气候因子之定量标征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):23.
YAO Zhi-hong,YANG Qing-ke,WANG Feng-ping,et al.Quantitative Marking of Non-climatic Factors Influencing Soil Moisture in Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):23.
[2]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):202.
[3]赵发珠,韩新辉,杨改河,等.黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):43.
ZHAO Fa-zhu,HAN Xin-hui,YANG Gai-he,et al.Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):43.
[4]陈宇,焦菊英,王宁,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒地不同侵蚀带土壤种子库特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):1.
CHEN Yu,JIAO Ju-ying,WANG Ning,et al.Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks under Different Erosion Zones on Abandoned Land in the Hilly-gullied Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):1.
[5]邹厚远,关秀琦,鲁子瑜,等.黄土丘陵区造林技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):48.
Zou Houyuan,Guan Xiuqi,Lu Ziyu,et al.The Research Report on Foresting Technique in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(06):48.
[6]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地生产持续发展研究──Ⅰ．沙打旺人工草地衰退后的草种更替[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):56.
Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅰ. Grass Varieties Alternation in the Declined Artifical Grassland of Astragalus adsurgens[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(06):56.
[7]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地持续发展研究──Ⅲ．补播柠条和兴安胡枝子建立永久放牧草地试验[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):65.
Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅲ. The Experiment of Builiding Permanent Grassland for herding by reseeding Caragana korshinskii and Lespedeza daharica[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(06):65.
[8]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区立体型高产半人工草地研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):38.
Cheng Jimin.A Study on Establishing Stereo Style’s Semi-artificial Pasture with High Yeild in Southern Ningxia Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(06):38.
[9]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区灌木林生产力的研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):129.
Cheng Jimin.Study on Productivity of Shrubberies in Loess Hilly Region of South Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(06):129.
[10]侯喜禄,白岗栓,曹清玉.黄土丘陵区湾塌地乔灌林土壤水分动态监测[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(02):57.
Hou Xilu,Bai Gangshuan,Cao Qingyu.Dynamic Observation of Soil Moisture on Arbor and Shrubbery in Sinking Lands in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(06):57.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-01-02 修回日期:2022-01-11
资助项目:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划“黄土丘陵区治沟造地新造土体水热传输规律研究”(2021JQ-961)
第一作者:苏远逸(1993—),男,陕西宝鸡人,博士,工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究。E-mail:suyuanyi666@163.com
通信作者:李鹏(1974—),男,山东烟台人,博士,教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究。E-mail:lipeng74@163.com