HAN Fugui,MAN Duoqing,ZHENG Qingzhong,et al.Species Diversity of Tamarix Ramosissima Communities in Different Habitats and the Relationship Between Soil Moisture and Salinity in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Shiyang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(03):49-56.
石羊河中下游不同生境柽柳群落物种多样性及土壤水分、盐分关系
- Title:
- Species Diversity of Tamarix Ramosissima Communities in Different Habitats and the Relationship Between Soil Moisture and Salinity in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Shiyang River Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)03-0049-08
- Keywords:
- Shiyang River; different habitats; Tamarix community; species diversity; soil moisture; soil salinity
- 分类号:
- Q948
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了给石羊河流域柽柳群落植被恢复与保护提供参考依据,以石羊河流域4种类生境型柽柳群落为研究对象,测定了群落物种组成、数量特征及土壤水分、盐分,分析了不同生境群落特征及其与土壤水分之间的关系。结果表明:(1)柽柳群落中共有植物22种,分属9科20属,其中灌木植物最多,为8种(5科6属),其次是多年生草本,为7种(4科7属),一年生草本为7种(3科7属),分别占总物种数的36.36%,31.82%,31.82%。(2)柽柳群落中,固定盐碱沙地密度最大,盐碱地和退耕湿地次之,丘间低地最低; 平均密度差异不显著(p>0.05); 盖度差异显著(p<0.05),以固定盐碱沙地最大,为73.33%,盐碱地和丘间低地次之,均为61.67%,退耕湿地最小,为47.00%。(3)不同生境类型柽柳群落在物种组成及多样性方面存在差异,从Margalef丰富度指数、Shanon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Alatulo均匀度指数看,丘间低地>盐碱地>固定盐碱沙地>退耕湿地(p<0.05),丘间低地群落优势度指数低于盐碱地和固定盐碱沙地、退耕湿地,群落结构相对稳定; 丘间低地Pielou均匀度指数明显高于其他3种类型。(4)在0—10 cm,10—20 cm,20—30 cm,30—40 cm,40—60 cm,60—80 cm土层范围内,盐减地和固定盐碱沙地土壤含水率最高,其次是退耕湿地和丘间低地,总体呈现出先升高然后逐渐下降的趋势。物种多样性与土壤水分均呈正相关关系,但均未达到显著水平(p<0.05),综上所述,不同生境柽柳群落组成物种稀少,结构简单,种群物种平均密度差异不显著。群落组成物种中,灌木种类最多,多年生和一年生草本种类相同。丘间低地多样性指数高于其他生境类型,退耕地最低,而生态优势度指数则相反,物种多样性与土壤水分表现出非显著的正相关关系。
- Abstract:
- In order to provide a reference for the vegetation restoration and protection of Tamarix Ramosissima community in the Shiyang River Basin, the species composition, quantitative characteristics, soil moisture and salinity of four habitat-type were measured, and the relationship between the community characteristics and soil moisture were analyzed. The results show that:(1)there are 22 species of plants belonging to 9 families and 20 Genera in Tamarix community, of which 8 species(5 families and 6 Genera)belong to shrubs, 7 species(4 families and 7 Genera)belong to perennial plant, 7 species(3 families and 7 Genera)belong to annual plant, which account for 36.36%, 31.82% and 31.82% of the total species, respectively;(2)in Tamarix Chinensis community, the density of fixed saline-alkali sandy land is the highest, followed by saline-alkali land and abandoned farmland wetland, and the lowest among hills, the average density has no significant difference(p> 0.05), the coverage difference is significant(p< 0.05), the largest is fixed saline-alkali sandy land, 73.33% saline-alkali land and abandoned farmland are the next, and the same quantity is 61.67%, the abandoned farmland wetland is 47.00%;(3)the species composition and diversity of Tamarix communities in different habitats are different, and the differences are statistically significant in Margalef richness index, Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index, Simpson Diversity Index and Alatulo evenness index(p< 0.05). The dominance index of Interdune lowland community is lower than that of saline-alkali land, fixed saline-alkali sand land and abandoned farmland wetland, and the community structure is relatively stable, and the Pielou evenness index of Interdune lowland is significantly higher than that of other three types;(4)in the soil layers of 0—10 cm, 10—20 cm, 20—30 cm, 30—40 cm, 40—60 cm, 60—80 cm, the soil moisture contents of saline-alkali sandy land and fixed saline-alkali sandy land are the highest, followed by wetland and inter-dune lowland. There is a positive correlation between species diversity and soil moisture, but no significant difference is found(p< 0.05). The species of Tamarix ramosissima community in different habitats are rare, the structure is simple, and the average density of species is not significant. The shrub species are the most common species in the community, and the perennial and annual plant species are the same. The diversity index of Interdune lowland was higher than that of other habitat types, and the lowest is returned farmland, while the index of ecological dominance is the opposite.
参考文献/References:
[1] Wheeler B D, Shaw S C, Fojt W J, et al. Introduction Restoration and wetlands. Restoration of Temperate Wetlands[C]. Chichester:John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1995:1-18.
[2] Sakane N, Alvarez M, Becker M, et al. Classification, characterisation, and use of small wetlands in East Africa[J]. Wetlands, 2011,31(6):1103-1116.
[3] Nie Y, Li A. Assessment of alpine wetland dynamics from 1976—2006 in the vicinity of Mount Everest[J]. Wetlands, 2011,31(5):875-884.
[4] Klement T, Martin P, Dietrich B, et al. Multiple stressors in coupled river-floodplain ecosyst ems[J]. Freshwater Biology, 2010,55(S1):135-151.
[5] 冯绳武.民勤绿洲的水系演变[J].地理学报,1963,29(3):241-249.
[6] Engelhardt K A M, Ritchie M E. Effects of macrophyte species richness on wetland ecosystem functioning and services[J]. Nature, 2001,411(6838):687-689.
[7] Zhang L, Wang M H, Hu J, et al. A review of published wetland research, 1991-2008:Ecological engineering and ecosystem restoration[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2010,36(8):973-980.
[8] Hefting M M, Vanden R N, Verhoeven T A. Wetlandsin agricultural landscapes for nitrogen attenuation and biodiversity enhancement:opportunities and limitations[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2013,56:5-13.
[9] 张鹏云,刘铭庭.中国柽柳属植物研究简史[J].干旱区研究,1988,5(3):20-26.
[10] 屈艳萍,康绍忠,夏桂敏,等.甘肃石羊河流域人工种植长穗柽柳树干液流量变化规律研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(11):2259-2265.
[11] 于军,姜喜,白宝伟,等.长穗柽柳种子形态特征与萌发特性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(7):3911-3920.
[12] 徐高兴,王立,徐先英,等.民勤绿洲边缘地下水埋深对柽柳灌丛生长及物种多样性的影响[J].草原与草坪,2017,37(2):49-56.
[13] 韩福贵,魏林源,王理德,等.民勤退耕地物种多样性与土壤养分及其相关性分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(6):109-114.
[14] 徐先英,严平,郭树江,等.干旱荒漠区绿洲边缘典型固沙灌木的降水截留特征[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(1):141-145.
[15] 韩福贵,孙涛,郭树江,等.干旱荒漠区不同演替阶段白刺灌丛沙堆土壤呼吸特征及其影响因素分析[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(5):1-7.
[16] 马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法:Ia多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994,2(4):231-239.
[17] 陈慧,郝慧荣,熊君,等.地黄连作对根际微生物区系及土壤酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2755-2759.
[18] 岳静,郝敏,张灵菲,等.物种多样性—生态系统功能关系的影响因素[J].草业科学,2011,28(4):532-535.
[19] 张元恺,张杰,姚泽.民勤沙区绿洲—荒漠过渡带典型植被群落物种多样性特征分析[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(28):1-7.
[20] 刘发民,张应华,仵彦卿.黑河流域荒漠地区梭梭人工林地土壤水分动态研究[J].干旱区研究,2002,19(1):27-31.
[21] 王玉辉,周广胜.内蒙古羊草草原植物群落地上初级生产力时间动态对降水变化的响应[J].生态学报,2004,24(6):1140-1145.
[22] 常兆丰,赵明,韩福贵.民勤沙区几种荒漠植物群落的现实生态位研究()[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(1):165-173.
[23] 鲁延芳,占玉芳,钱万建,等.河西走廊中部人工沙漠植被典型群落物种的多样性[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(4):14-18.
[24] 孟明.宁夏中部干旱带荒漠草原土壤水分与生物多样性的相关关系[D].银川:宁夏大学,2020.
[25] 濮阳雪华,王春春,苟清平,等.陕北黄土区植被群落特征与土壤水分关系研究[J].草业学报,2019,28(11):184-191.
[26] 刘旻霞,王刚.高寒草甸植物群落多样性及土壤因子对坡向的响应[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):259-265.
[27] 王永健,陶建平,张炜银,等.四川茂县土地岭大熊猫走廊带植被恢复格局及其与干扰的关系[J].生态学报,2006,26(11):3525-3532.
[28] Yoshihara Y, Tatsuno Y, Miyasaka K, et al. Can complementarity in water use help explain diversity-productivity relationships in semi-arid grasslands?[J]. Journal of Arid Envi-Ronments, 2019,173,103994, https://doi.org/10,1016/j.jaridenv.2019.103994.
[29] Zelnik I, Carni A. Plant species diversity and compositionof wet grasslands in relation to environmental factors[J]. Biodi-Versity and Conservation, 2013,22:2179-2192.
[30] 赵新风,徐海量,张鹏,等.养分与水分添加对荒漠草地植物群落结构和物种多样性的影响[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(2):167-177.
[31] 黄德青,于兰,张耀生,等.祁连山北坡天然草地地上生物量及其与土壤水分关系的比较研究[J].草业学报,2011,20(3):20-27.
[32] 张雪妮,李岩,何学敏,等.水盐变化对荒漠植物功能多样性与物种多样性关系的影响[J].生态学杂志,2019,38(8):2354-2360.
相似文献/References:
[1]白映万,王开录.石羊河流域水资源保护与可持续利用对策[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):253.
BAI Ying-wan,WANG Kai-lu.Water Resources Protection and Sustainable Use Countermeasure in the Shiyang River Valley[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(03):253.
[2]陈贺,李原园,杨志峰,等.地形因素对降水分布影响的研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):119.
CHEN He,LI Yuan-yuan,YANG Zhi-feng,et al.Research on the Relationship Between Terrain Factors and Precipitation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(03):119.
[3]王化齐,蔡焕杰,董增川,等.民勤绿洲生态环境需水量计算研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(01):32.
WNAG Hua-qi,CAI Huan-jie,DONG Zeng-chuan,et al.Calculation of Eco-environmental Water Demand in Minqin Oasis[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(03):32.
[4]郭树江,杨自辉,王强强,等.青土湖干涸湖底风沙区植被特征与地表输沙量关系[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(01):19.
GUO Shujiang,YANG Zihui,WANG Qiangqiang,et al.Relationship Between Vegetation Characteristics and Sediment Discharge Transported by Surface Wind-Sand Flow in Dry Lake Bottom Sandstorm Area of Qingtu Lake[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(03):19.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-05-17 修回日期:2021-05-28
资助项目:省级重点研发计划项目(18YF1NA019); 地区科学资助项目(31660237); 地区科学资助项目(32060246)
第一作者:韩福贵(1964—),女,甘肃民勤人,研究员,主要从事荒漠化防治与森林生态定位研究。E-mail:hanfug2008@126.com
通信作者:肖斌(1984—),男,甘肃张掖人,工程师,主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail:1212232@qq.com