LI Xiaona,WANG Chao,WAN Xiuyun,et al.Characteristics of Wind Erosion Dust Under Different Land Uses of Yanhuai Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(01):14-20+27.
延怀盆地不同土地利用类型土壤风蚀物特征
- Title:
- Characteristics of Wind Erosion Dust Under Different Land Uses of Yanhuai Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)01-0014-07
- Keywords:
- land use; wind erosion; wind erosion dust; soil
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 研究延怀盆地典型土地利用类型地表土壤风蚀物分布特征,可为了解该区域风蚀过程、改善生态环境提供数据支撑。以怀来县为研究对象,采用野外监测和室内分析相结合的方法,分析了葡萄、果桑、欧李、玉米免耕、玉米翻耕5种土地利用类型在冬季休耕期(上年11月—次年2月)和春季备耕期(3—5月)风蚀物质量、粒径及碳氮含量随高度的变化特征。结果表明:(1)欧李与玉米翻耕地土壤风蚀物质量分数垂向分布遵循幂函数递减规律; 果桑、葡萄与玉米免耕地土壤风蚀物质量分数在监测高度范围内随高度增加无规律性变化。(2)春季备耕期5种土地利用类型输沙通量均高于冬季休耕期。(3)冬季休耕期5种土地利用类型风蚀物的粒径范围集中分布在500～2 μm; 春季休耕期5种土地利用类型风蚀物的粒径范围集中分布在250～2 μm。(4)5种土地利用类型冬季休耕期风蚀物碳氮含量高于春季备耕期。风蚀物质量、碳氮含量及粒径的垂直分布受土地利用类型和人为活动的影响,其中人为活动对输沙通量影响较大,因此在该区域土壤风蚀防治过程中可以采用构建防风草篱、合理调整土地利用布局的方式,达到降低近地表风速、拦截风沙的作用。
- Abstract:
- Improving our knowledge about the characteristics of wind erosion dust in different land use types is crucial to understand the wind erosion process and provide the data for improvement of ecological environment at the regional scale. In this study, the quantity, particle size, carbon and nitrogen of wind erosion dust were measured in five land use types(fruit mulberry, Chinese dwarfcherry, grape, no-tillage with stubble, ploughed up)during winter fallow(November to next February)and spring preparation period(March to May)in Huailai County. We found that the quality of wind erosion dust in Chinese dwarfcherry and plough treatments decreased with the increase of height, while it showed no unified patterns in fruit mulberry, grape, and no-tillage with stubble treatments. Our results also showed that the sediment flux in spring preparation period was higher than that in the winter fallow period. In addition, the particle size of wind erosion dust ranged from 500～2 μm during winter fallow period, and ranged from 250～2 μm during the spring preparation period. Furthermore, the carbon and nitrogen contents of wind erosion dust during winter fallow period were higher than those during spring preparation period. Wind erosion quality, carbon and nitrogen contents, particle sizes are influenced by the land use types and human activities. It is applicable to reduce near-surface wind speed, intercept wind sand by building grass hedge and adjusting the layout of different land use types.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-12-21 修回日期:2021-01-15资助项目:北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项“延怀河谷葡萄种植区土壤风蚀防治技术研究”(KJCX20180405); “京津冀农业生态景观提升关键技术研究与示范”(KJCX20180707)第一作者:李晓娜(1977—),女,山西翼城人,博士,副研究员,主要从事受损生态系统植被恢复重建研究。E-mail:lxn1977@126.com