LU Qingping,ZHAO Cuiwei,WANG Jie.Landscape Fragmentation Evolution in Karst Mountainous Area Based on Terrain Gradient[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(03):242-248.
基于地形梯度的喀斯特山区景观综合破碎化演变——以贵阳市为例
- Title:
- Landscape Fragmentation Evolution in Karst Mountainous Area Based on Terrain Gradient
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)03-0242-07
- Keywords:
- topographic position index; distribution index; mean square error; topographic gradient; landscape comprehensive fragmentation
- 分类号:
- P901
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为揭示喀斯特山区景观综合破碎呈现怎样的地形分布规律和演变态势,利用地形位指数、分布指数和生态景观指数及均方差权数法,分析贵阳市25年景观破碎度类型的地形梯度特征。结果表明:(1)贵阳市1990—2015年以高和一般破碎度为主,1990年各占比达42.51%和30.36%,2015年为41.33%和30.56%,且高破碎面积减少94.01 km2,其余3种破碎度类型略有增加。(2)低破碎和一般景观破碎度主要分布在贵阳市中、北及东部,高破碎和剧烈破碎度主要集中在西部和南部。(3)贵阳市各景观破碎有显著地形特征,25年间耕地和水域及建设用地与地形位呈负相关,在1～3梯度均为优势分布,剧烈破碎度内建设用地和水域分布指数大于3,地形位特征比耕地明显; 两期低破碎林草地与地形位成正相关,在中高地形位为优势分布,且高地形位最为突出; 未利用地与地形梯度均呈先增加后减小趋势,高地形梯度时有最大优势分布值。研究结果对客观全面认识喀斯特景观破碎本底具有重要现实意义,为生态环境保护和土地优化提供基础数据支撑,也可丰富不同地形景观破碎时空演变研究。
- Abstract:
- The objective of this study is to reveal the topographical distribution and evolutionary trend of the comprehensive fragmentation of karst mountainous landscape. We used topographic position index, distribution index, ecological landscape index and mean square error weight method to analyze the terrain gradient characteristics of the 25-year landscape fragmentation types in Guiyang. The results show that:(1)from 1990 to 2015, Guiyang City was dominated by high and general landscape fragmentation, which accounted for 42.51% and 30.36% in 1990, 41.33% and 30.56% in 2015, the area of high fragmentation decreased by 94.01 km2, and the remaining three types of landscape fragmentation increased slightly;(2)low fragmentation and general landscape fragmentation mainly distributed in the middle, north and east of Guiyang City, and high fragmentation and severe fragmentation mainly concentrated in the west and south;(3)the fragmentation of various landscapes in Guiyang City had significant topographical characteristics; in 25 years, the cultivated land, water bodies and construction land were negatively correlated with the topography, cultivated land, water area and construction land in the 1～3 gradient all distributed in a dominant manner; the distribution indices of construction land and water area within the severe fragmentation degree were greater than 3, and the topographic characteristics were more obvious than that of cultivated land; the low-fragmented forest and grassland in the two phases were positively correlated with the terrain gradient, and both were dominant in the middle and high terrain, and the high terrain was the most prominent; the unused land and terrain gradients both increased first and then decreased, and unused land had the largest dominant distribution value at high gradients. This study has important practical significance for the objective and comprehensive understanding of the background of karst landscape fragmentation, provides basic data support for ecological environmental protection and land optimization, and can also enrich the research on the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape fragmentation in different terrains.
参考文献/References:
[1] 王宪礼,布仁仓,胡远满,等.辽河三角洲湿地的景观破碎化分析[J].应用生态学报,1996,7(3):299-304.[2] 邱海军,曹明明.黄龙县土地利用景观格局及其破碎化分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2011,41(6):1102-1106.[3] 陈帷胜,冯秀丽,马仁锋,等.耕地破碎度评价方法与实证研究:以浙江省宁波市为例[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(5):80-87.[4] Botsch J C, Walter S T, Karubian J, et al. Impacts of forest fragmentation on orchid bee(Hymenoptera:Apidae:Euglossini)communities in the Chocóbiodiversity hotspot of northwest Ecuador[J]. Journal of Insect Conservation, 2017,21(2):1-11.[5] Zeng H, Wu X B. Utilities of edge-based metrics for studying landscape fragmentation[J]. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2003,29(2):159-178.[6] 张云路,李雄,田野.基于景观生态学“源—汇”理论的市域尺度生态功能分区:以内蒙古通辽市为例[J].生态学报,2018,38(1):65-72.[7] 邹月,周忠学.西安市景观格局演变对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2629-2639.[8] 张金茜,巩杰,马学成,等.基于GeoDA的甘肃白龙江流域景观破碎化空间关联性[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(5):1476-1483.[9] Rafael M N C, Vieira D J E, Susana O G, et al. Land cover changes and fragmentation in mountain neotropical ecosystems of Oaxaca, Mexico under community forest management[J]. Journal of Forestry Research, 2019,30(1):143-155.[10] 徐晓然,谢跟踪,邱彭华.1964—2015年海南省八门湾红树林湿地及其周边土地景观动态分析[J].生态学报,2018,38(20):313-323.[11] 张金茜,巩杰,柳冬青.地理探测器方法下甘肃白龙江流域景观破碎化与驱动因子分析[J].地理科学,2018,38(8):1370-1378.[12] 张飞,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,丁建丽,等.干旱区绿洲土地利用/覆被及景观格局变化特征:以新疆精河县为例[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1251-1263.[13] Sudhakar Reddy C, Vazeed Pasha S, Satish K V, et al. Quantifying nationwide land cover and historical changes in forests of Nepal(1930—2014):implications on forest fragmentation[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2018,27(1):91-107.[14] Waleed H, Abou E H. Irrigation management assessment from land fragmentation perspective in the Nile Delta[J]. Irrigation and Drainage, 2018,67(3):354-362.[15] Sikor T. Land fragmentation and cropland abandonment in Albania:Implications for the roles of state and community in post-socialist land consolidation[J]. World Development, 2008,37(8):1411-1423.[16] Ciaian P, Guri F, Rajcaniova M, et al. Land fragmentation and production diversification:A case study from rural Albania[J]. Land Use Policy, 2018,76:589-599.[17] 付扬军,师学义,和娟.汾河流域景观破碎化时空演变特征[J].自然资源学报,2019,34(8):1606-1619.[18] 李哲,张飞,张海威,等.艾比湖典型区域景观格局及累积环境效应研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(4):172-181.[19] 陈铸,黄雅冰,朱志鹏,等.基于地形梯度特征的福州市景观格局演变[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(12):4135-4144.[20] 喻红,曾辉.快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究[J].地理科学,2001,21(2):64-69.[21] 董顺舟,赵宇鸾,李秀彬.基于地形梯度的高原山地区土地利用格局时空特征:以贵州省盘县为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):213-222.[22] 熊康宁,陈起伟.基于生态综合治理的石漠化演变规律与趋势讨论[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(3):267-273.[23] 赵宇鸾,葛玉娟,旷成华,等.乡村振兴战略下贵州山区森林转型路径研究[J].贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,36(1):1-7.[24] 陈勇杰,张朝琼,王济.西部欠发达地区生态宜居城市评价与建设研究:以贵阳市为例[J].贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,35(2):7-13.[25] 熊康宁,李晋,龙明忠.典型喀斯特石漠化治理区水土流失特征与关键问题[J].地理学报,2012,67(7):878-888.[26] 蒙吉军,王雅,王晓东,等.基于最小累积阻力模型的贵阳市景观生态安全格局构建[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(7):1052-1061.[27] 孙丕苓,许月卿,王数.环京津贫困带土地利用变化的地形梯度效应分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(14):277-288.[28] 王永军,李团胜,刘康,等.榆林地区景观格局分析及其破碎化评价[J].资源科学,2005,27(2):161-166.[29] 任彩凤,程艳妹,郑欣,等.基于均方差决策法的淮北市生态承载力评价[J].生态科学,2019,38(5):168-177.[30] 汤国安,宋佳.基于DEM坡度图制图中坡度分级方法的比较研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(2):157-160,192.[31] 裴欢,魏勇,王晓妍,等.耕地景观生态安全评价方法及其应用[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(9):212-219.[32] 魏小芳,赵宇鸾,朱昌丽,等.岩溶山地城市建设用地扩展的地形梯度特征:以贵阳市为例[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2020,43(1):22-29.[33] 肖以恒,朱晓玥,杨春霞,等.基于RS和GIS的旗山森林公园景观格局变迁分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(4):140-149.[34] 简萍,李阳兵,王权.基于地形梯度的典型峰丛洼地区土地利用空间分布格局分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2020,29(5):1128-1139.[35] 李松,罗绪强.基于RS的多数据源的700多年来贵阳城市扩展时空特征研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(10):1734-1745.
相似文献/References:
[1]董顺舟,赵宇鸾,李秀彬.基于地形梯度的高原山地区土地利用格局时空特征——以贵州省盘县为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(02):213.
DONG Shunzhou,ZHAO Yuluan,LI Xiubin.Spatiotemporal Patterns of Land Use Change in Plateau Region Based on the Terrain Gradient—A Case Study in Panxian County, Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(03):213.
[2]李欣,叶长盛,吕雪.基于地形因子的鄱阳湖地区土地利用格局变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(04):210.
LI Xin,YE Changsheng,LYU Xue.Analysis of land Use Pattern Change in Poyang Lake Region Based on the Topographic Factor[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(03):210.
[3]庄逐舟,黄秋昊,石云.黄土丘陵区土地利用变化与地形梯度关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(04):331.
ZHUANG Zhuzhou,HUANG Qiuhao,SHI Yun.Relationship Between the Land Use Change and the Terrain Gradient in Counties in the Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(03):331.
[4]刘文,陈世发.基于GIS的土地利用变化的地形梯度分析——以韶关市大塘镇为例[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(03):79.
LIU Wen,CHEN Shifa.Analysis on Characteristics of Land Use Changes Along the Terrain Gradient Based on GIS—A Case Study of Datang Town of Shaoguan City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(03):79.
[5]周启刚,陈丹.重庆山地都市区土地利用地形特征分异研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(03):86.
ZHOU Qi-gang,CHEN Dan.Researched on the Topographic Differentiation of Land Use in Chongqing Mountainous Metropolitan Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):86.
[6]高峰,华璀,卢远,等.基于地形梯度的土壤侵蚀强度分布特征研究——以钦江流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):22.
GAO Feng,HUA Cui,LU Yuan,et al.Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Erosion Intensity Based on Terrain Gradient—A Case Study in Qinjiang Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):22.
[7]陈丹,周启刚,何昌华,等.基于MPI的典型西南山区耕地空间分布影响因素研究——以重庆石柱县为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):228.
CHEN Dan,ZHOU Qi-gang,HE Chang-hua,et al.Analysis on Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Based on MPI in Typical Southwest Mountain Area—Taking Shizhu County of Chongqing as Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):228.
[8]张昳,常庆瑞,赵业婷,等.陕北黄土高原县域土地利用结构及其空间布局[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(05):72.
ZHANG Yi,CHANG Qing-rui,ZHAO Ye-ting,et al.Land Use Structure and Its Spatial Distribution in Northern Shaanxi on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):72.
[9]陈丹,周启刚,何昌华,等.重庆山地都市区1985-2010年土地利用变化地形特征分异研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(05):210.
CHEN Dan,ZHOU Qi-gang,HE Chang-hua,et al.Research on the Differentiation of Land Use Terrain Feature from 1985 to 2010 in Chongqing Mountainous Metropolitan Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):210.
[10]幸瑞燊,周启刚,李辉,等.基于地形梯度的三峡库区万州区土地利用时空变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(02):297.
XING Ruishen,ZHOU Qigang,LI Hui,et al.Analysis on Spatiotemporal Variations of Land Use Change in Wanzhou District of Three Gorges Reservoir Based on the Terrain Gradient[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):297.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-06-22 修回日期:2020-07-30资助项目:国家重点研发计划“喀斯特槽谷区土地石漠化过程及综合治理技术研发与示范”(2016YFC0502300)第一作者:陆清平(1994—),男,贵州遵义人,硕士研究生,主要从事土地生态与环境保护研究。E-mail:1776280435@qq.com通信作者:赵翠薇(1968—),女(白族),贵州大方人,教授,博士,主要从事土地利用规划与生态环境保护方面的研究。E-mail:zhaocuiwei@sohu.com