WEI Xindong,SONG Linhan,WANG Shaini,et al.Spatial and Temporal Changes and Its Variation of Cultivated Land Quality of Counties and Cities in Shaanxi on the West Bank of the Yellow River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(02):326-334.
黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地质量时空变化特征及其分异规律
- Title:
- Spatial and Temporal Changes and Its Variation of Cultivated Land Quality of Counties and Cities in Shaanxi on the West Bank of the Yellow River
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)02-0326-09
- Keywords:
- cultivated land quality; spatial and temporal change; distribution regulation; cultivated land protection; the west bank of the Yellow River; Shaanxi Province
- 分类号:
- F323.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为推动黄河流域高质量发展,以黄河流域为地理单元,从县域层面系统分析黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地数量和质量时空变化特征及其分异规律。基于陕西省2005—2018年耕地质量等别评价成果,采用动态度模型法、面积加权平均法、耕地质量区位指数法、重心迁移模型法研究黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地质量变化。结果表明:(1)时间上,2005—2018年黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地资源数量上表现下降趋势,质量上平均利用等别不高且变化不大。数量方面:年平均下降率为5.86%,在2005—2010年、2010—2015年、2015—2018年为先下降、后上升、再下降的变化态势,平均年变化率分别为17.46%,3.58%,1.60%,耕地数量变化更加平稳; 质量方面:2005年、2010年、2015年、2018年平均利用等别不高且变化不大,分别为12.46,12.60,12.50,12.50。相比全国平均耕地利用等9.96,黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地利用等处于较低水平,相比陕西省平均利用等11.34,耕地利用等约低于省内一个等。(2)空间上,2005—2018年黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地质量大致呈现自南向北逐渐降低的分异格局。区位指数角度:位于关中平原的潼关县和大荔县耕地利用等较高,为高等地的聚集区,但开展城市建设占用优质耕地,补充一般耕地,造成耕地质量有所下降。陕北地区耕地质量较差,中、低等地的区位指数较高,由于积极开展土地整治工程耕地利用等别均有提升。重心迁移角度:高等地重心在2005—2018年期间处于大荔县,中等地重心由合阳县向黄龙县迁移,低等地重心由佳县迁向米脂县,再迁回佳县。且中等地重心坐标迁移量>低等地重心坐标迁移量>高等地重心坐标迁移量。黄河西岸陕西各县市耕地数量、质量变化均愈加平稳,耕地质量大致呈现自南向北逐渐降低的格局,应保证潼关县和大荔县耕地质量不降低的同时保持黄河西岸陕北县市耕地质量增长趋势。本研究成果为黄河流域生态保护提供耕地管护支持,为基本农田划定、国土空间规划编制和耕地质量管理提供了基础支撑。
- Abstract:
- In order to promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, we took the Yellow River Basin as the geographical unit, and systematically analyzed the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the quantity and quality of cultivated land in counties and cities of Shaanxi Province on the west bank of the Yellow River and its variation at the county scale. Based on the evaluation results of cultivated land quality from 2005 to 2018 in Shaanxi Province, we studied the change of cultivated land quality in counties and cities of Shaanxi province on the west bank of the Yellow River by using dynamic attitude model method, area-weighted averages method, cultivated land quality location index method and gravity center migration model. The results showed that: in terms of time, from 2005 to 2018, the quantity of cultivated land resources in counties and cities in Shaanxi on the west bank of the Yellow River presented the declining trend, while the average utilization of cultivated land resources in quality was not high and changed little; in terms of quantity, the annual average decline rate was 5.86%, from 2005 to 2010, from 2010 to 2015, and from 2015 to 2018, the average annual change rate was 17.46%, 3.58%, and 1.60%, respectively, the change of cultivated land was more stable; in terms of quality, the average utilization in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018 was not high and changed little, which were 12.46, 12.60, 12.50 and 12.50, respectively; compared with the national average utilization grade of cultivated land of 9.96, the utilization grade of cultivated land of all counties and cities in Shaanxi Province on the west bank of the Yellow River was at a lower level; compared with the average utilization grade of cultivated land of Shaanxi Province, which was 11.34, the average utilization grade of cultivated land was about one lower than that of Shaanxi Province; spatially, the cultivated land quality of each county or city in Shaanxi Province on the west bank of the Yellow River showed a pattern of gradual decrease from south to north from 2005 to 2018; from cultivated land location index point of view, Guanzhong plain, Tongguan county and Dali county had high grade cultivated land utilization, which were the gathering areas of higher grade cultivated lands; however, the quality of cultivated land had declined due to the occupation of high grade cultivated land for urban construction and the supplement of general cultivated land; the cultivated land in northern Shaanxi was poor quality, and the location index of middle and low grade cultivated lands was high; the cultivated land utilization had been improved due to the active development of land improvement projects; from the point of view of center of gravity transfer, from 2005 to 2018, the center of gravity of the high grade cultivated land was located in Dali, the center of gravity of the middle grade cultivated land was transferred from Heyang to Huanglong, the center of gravity of the low grade cultivated land was transferred from Jiaxian to Mizhi and then back to Jiaxian, with the characteristic of middle grade cultivated land center of gravity coordinate migration>low grade cultivated land center of gravity coordinate migration>high cultivated grade land center of gravity coordinate migration; on the west bank of the Yellow River, the quantity and quality of cultivated land in all counties and cities of Shaanxi became more and more stable; the cultivated land quality generally presented the pattern of gradual decline from south to north. So the cultivated land quality in Tongguan and Dali should not be reduced while the growing trend of cultivated land quality in north Shaanxi county on the west bank of the Yellow River should be maintained. These results of this study can provide farmland management and protection support for the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, and provide basic support for the delineation of basic farmland, the compilation of territorial space planning and the quality management of farmland.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-05-15 修回日期:2020-06-02
资助项目:自然资源部退化及未利用整治工程重点实验室开放基金课题:耕地生态质量等别评价体系研究(211927180139); 国家重点研发计划:传统村落保护利用价值的分级分类体系与评价导则(2019YFD1100901); 国家留学基金委资助
第一作者:卫新东(1978—),男,陕西咸阳人,博士,副教授,研究方向为土地资源利用与管理。E-mail:xindongw@chd.edu.cn
通信作者:宋林韩(1995—),女,河南安阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土地资源利用与管理。E-mail:2316400397@qq.com