YAN Tengyun,WANG Keqin,ZHAO Yangyi,et al.Effect of Contour Reversed Terrace Preparation on Water Consumption and Water Balance in the Sloping Farmland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(04):93-98,104.
等高反坡台阶整地对坡耕地农田耗水及水量平衡的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Contour Reversed Terrace Preparation on Water Consumption and Water Balance in the Sloping Farmland
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)04-0093-06
- Keywords:
- double crop coefficient; contour reversed terrace; water balance; corn; evapotranspiration
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探讨等高反坡阶整地措施对红壤坡耕地农田耗水及水量平衡的影响,于2017年5月—2018年9月期间,通过野外定位监测大气降雨量、农田蒸发量等指标,利用双作物系数法获得农作物耗水规律,进一步探究了农田的水量平衡特征。结果表明:与对照样地相比,布设有等高反坡台阶的样地整个生长期的玉米耗水量减少7%～12%,作物蒸散量减少8%～12%,作物蒸腾量与总耗水量的比例为64%～70%,比未布设的样地增加了28.7%～30.1%。此外,布设有反坡台阶的坡耕地土壤水分利用量要大于未布设的坡耕地。试验表明等高反坡阶可以提高水分的利用效率,减少土壤水分的蒸发,具有蓄水、节水的作用。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the effect of contour reversed terrace preparation on water consumption and water balance in red soil sloping farmland, during the period from May 2017 to September 2018, atmospheric rainfall, farmland evaporation and other indicators were monitored through field positioning, and the pattern of crop water consumption was obtained by using the double crop coefficient method, the characteristics of farmland water balance was further explored. The results showed that the plot with contour reversed terrace preparation reduced the water consumption of corn by 7%～12%, evapotranspiration by 8%～12%, and the ratio of crop transpiration to total water consumption was 64%～70% which is 28.7%～30.1% higher than that of the plot without contour reversed terrace preparation compared with the control plot. In addition, the amount of soil water use of sloping farmland with contour reversed terrace was larger than that of sloping farmland without contour reversed terrace preparation. The contour reversed terrace preparation can improve the water use efficiency, reduce the evaporation of soil water, and has the functions of water storage and water saving.
参考文献/References:
[1] 丁文斌,蒋平,史东梅,等.紫色土坡耕地耕层蓄水保土及耕性特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(6):24-29,37.
[2] 曹艳,刘峰,包蕊,等.西南丘陵山区坡耕地植物篱水土保持效益研究进展[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):57-63.
[3] 冯鼎锐.秸秆生物炭的坡耕地主要粮食作物节水增产与水土保持效应[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2017.
[4] 曹雪.黄土高原坡耕地不同耕作措施水土保持效应研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.
[5] 阮芬.水土流失治理对土壤水文物理特性的影响研究[J].水利技术监督,2018(3):105-108.
[6] 柏勇,杜静,杨婷婷,等.不同水土保持措施对石漠化区水土流失的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(2):103-110.
[7] 封誉辉.毕节地区石桥小流域坡地土壤侵蚀影响因素探析[J].黑龙江水利科技,2018,46(11):106-109.
[8] 彭正凯,李玲玲,谢军红,等.不同耕作措施对旱地作物生育期农田耗水结构和水分利用效率的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(5):214-221.
[9] 赵引,毛晓敏,段萌.覆膜和灌水量对农田水热动态和制种玉米生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):275-284.
[10] 王帅兵,宋娅丽,王克勤,等.不同雨型下反坡台阶减少红壤坡耕地氮磷流失的效果[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(13):160-169.
[11] 曹鸿景,王克勤,冯晓月.松华坝水源区等高反坡阶对坡耕地土壤氮含量的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(5):130-134.
[12] 王帅兵,王克勤,宋娅丽,等.等高反坡阶对昆明市松华坝水源区坡耕地氮、磷流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(6):39-45.
[13] 张玉斌,曹宁,武敏,吴发启.黄土高原南部水平梯田的土壤水分特征分析[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(8):215-220.
[14] 程立平,刘文兆.黄土塬区不同土层土壤水分对旱作冬小麦耗水的贡献[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(7):2285-2291.
[15] 聂晓,王毅勇,刘兴土.三江平原寒地稻田蒸散量估算研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(10):2525-2528.
[16] 聂晓,王毅勇.非充分灌溉对寒地井灌稻田耗水规律的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2015,34(9):72-75.
[17] 刘晓燕,杨胜天,王富贵,等.黄土高原现状梯田和林草植被的减沙作用分析[J].水利学报,2014,45(11):1293-1300.
[18] 康玲玲,鲍宏喆,刘立斌,等.黄土高原不同类型区梯田蓄水拦沙指标的分析与确定[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(2):51-56.
[19] 韩晓阳,刘文兆,程立平.黄土塬区深剖面土壤水分垂直分布特征及其时间稳定性[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(2):430-438.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-09-06 修回日期:2019-10-14
资助项目:云南省重点研发计划项目(2018BB018); 国家自然科学基金(31860235,31560233)
第一作者:闫腾云(1994—),男,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟人,硕士研究生,研究方向为坡耕地水土保持。E-mail:937985165@qq.com
通信作者:赵洋毅(1980—),男,吉林长春人,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事水土保持与小流域环境综合治理研究。E-mail:yyz301@foxmail.com