DENG Chao,LI Yongmei,FAN Maopan,et al.Effects of Different Planting Patterns of Soybean on Soil Aggregates and Soil Consolidation Ability[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(02):77-83.
大豆单间作对土壤团聚体及固土能力的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Planting Patterns of Soybean on Soil Aggregates and Soil Consolidation Ability
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)02-0077-07
- 分类号:
- S152.4; S157.3+9
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为研究红壤坡耕地上大豆单间作模式对土壤团聚体和固土能力的影响,选用大豆单作、大豆玉米间作两种模式,研究了不同种植模式中土壤含水率、土壤团聚体、大豆根系和固土能力的特征。结果表明:大豆成熟期土壤含水率在10°坡上间作比单作高0.32%,20°坡上间作比单作高4.06%,30°坡上间作比单作低3.81%; 大豆玉米间作与大豆单作相比,>0.25 mm稳定性团聚体在10°和30°坡分别增加了6.61%,2.63%,在20°坡减少了4.46%; 平均重量直径间作后在10°和30°坡分别增加了32.84%,9.09%,在20°坡减少了89.87%; 分形维数在10°,20°坡上分别增加了2.85%,3%,30°坡无差异; 固土能力在10°,30°坡上间作高于单作,20°坡上间作低于单作。大豆间作根系指标均单作有降低趋势。10°坡耕地单间作模式根系指标无显著差异时,大豆间作的土壤团聚体分形维数增加,固土能力高于单作。20°坡耕地大豆间作根体积显著降低,固土能力低于单作。30°坡耕地大豆单间作根系指标和分形维数都无显著差异或趋势时,间作的分形维数影响强于单作,间作固土能力高于单作。综上所述,大豆间作对根土复合体固土能力主要受根系的影响,同时间作在坡耕地能增强土壤团聚体分形维数的作用,增加根土复合体固土能力。
- Abstract:
- To study the effects of different planting patterns of soybean on soil aggregates and soil consolidation ability in the red soil sloping land, the soybean monoculture and soybean-maize intercropping were taken as the planting patterns. The characteristics of soil moisture content, soil aggregates, soybean root system and soil consolidation ability were investigated in two cropping patterns. The results showed that in the maturity period of soybean, soil moisture content in intercropping pattern was 0.32% higher than that of monoculture on the slope with 10°, soil moisture content in intercropping pattern was 4.06% higher than that of monoculture on slope with 20°, and 3.81% lower than that of monoculture on 30° slope; compared with those in monoculture, >0.25 mm stable aggregates of intercropping pattern increased by 6.61%, 2.63% on slopes with 10° and 30°, respectively, and decreased by 4.46% on slope with 20°, mean weight diameter of intercropping pattern increased by 32.84% and 9.09% on the slopes with 10° and 30°, respectively, decreased by 89.87% on slope with 20°, and the fractal dimensions of intercropping pattern increased by 2.85% and 3% on the slopes with 10° and 20°, respectively, and there was no difference on the slope with 30°; the soil consolidation ability of intercropping on the slopes with 10° and 30° was higher than that of monocropping, but that of intercropping on the slope with 20° was lower than that of monocropping; the root characteristics of soybean intercropping had no significant difference with single cropping on slope with 10°; the fractal dimension of soil aggregates in soybean intercropping increased, and the soil consolidation ability of soybean intercropping was higher than that of single cropping; in sloping arable land with 20°, the root volume of soybean intercropping decreased significantly, and the soil consolidation ability of soybean intercropping was lower than that of single cropping; there was no significant difference or trend in root characteristics and fractal dimension of soybean planting patterns in sloping farmland with 30°, the effect on soil consolidation ability of fractal dimension of soybean intercropping was stronger than that of single cropping, and the soil consolidation ability of intercropping was higher than that of single cropping. In summary, soybean intercropping has the major effect on the soil consolidation capacity of root-soil complexes by root. At the same time, soybean intercropping can enhance the effect of fractal dimension of soil aggregates and increase the soil consolidation capacity of root-soil complexes in sloping farmland.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-04-14 修回日期:2019-05-06 资助项目:国家自然科学基金(41661063,41461059); 云南农业大学学生科技创新创业行动基金(2018ZKY264) 第一作者:邓超(1993—),男,重庆人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为植物营养学。E-mail:tengchao1257@foxmail.com 通信作者:范茂攀(1977—),男,云南宣威人,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事坡地水土保持与持续利用研究。E-mail:mpfan@126.com