WANG Yun,ZHAO Pengxiang.Effect of Land Use Types on Stability of Soil Aggregates, Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Soil Respiration in Northern China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(01):59-65.
华北地区土地利用类型对土壤呼吸、有机碳组分和水稳性团聚体的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Land Use Types on Stability of Soil Aggregates, Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Soil Respiration in Northern China
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)01-0059-07
- Keywords:
- northern China; land use type; soil aggregates; soil respiration
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 土壤呼吸和土壤团聚体对土壤肥力、质量和土壤的可持续利用等具有重要作用。通过湿筛法得到华北地区不同土地利用类型土壤大团聚体(>2 mm)、中间团聚体(0.25～2 mm)、微团聚体(53 μm～0.25 mm)以及粉+黏团聚体(<53 μm)的质量分数和土壤呼吸速率。结果表明:不同土地利用类型土壤呼吸随着月份的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,在7月份最大,呈倒V字型变化规律,7月以后,土壤呼吸急剧降低,其中在1月份土壤呼吸速率最小。不同土地利用类型对土壤呼吸具有明显的影响,土壤呼吸速率大小基本表现为次生林>人工林>灌木>农田>果园,其中,次生林和人工林显著高于其他土地利用类型(p<0.05),灌木和农田差异不显著(p>0.05),果园显著低于其他土地利用类型(p<0.05)。不同土地利用类型对土壤总有机碳(TOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)和轻组分有机碳(SLOC)影响较为明显,其大小基本表现为次生林>人工林>灌木>农田>果园。次生林和人工林以>0.25 mm的大团聚体为主,占粒径总组成的20%以上; 灌木以中间团聚体和粉+黏团聚体为主; 而农田和果园则以粉+黏团聚体为主,约占粒径总组成的40%。林地的开垦会导致大团聚体的破碎化,灌木及农田>0.25 mm的大团聚体含量较林地低,土壤结构趋于恶化; 而农田闲置为果园后,则会促使粉+黏团聚体向粒径大的微团聚体及中间团聚体转化,使土壤结构趋于改善。灌木及农田土壤颗粒的MWD(平均质量直径)和GMD(几何平均直径)值均显著低于林地和灌木(p<0.05),农田撂荒后,MWD和GMD值均显著升高(p<0.05),表明林地开垦后导致土壤团聚体的稳定性降低,而农田弃耕会增强团聚体的稳定性。土壤中>0.25 mm团聚体含量、MWD、GMD和土壤呼吸均与土壤TOC,SLOC和POC皆呈现显著正相关性(p<0.05),其中>0.25 mm团聚体含量、MWD、GMD和土壤呼吸与LFOC和POC之间的相关关系达到极显著水平(p<0.01),且相关系数较大,说明与土壤TOC相比,LFOC和POC对土壤水稳性团聚体和稳定性的贡献更大,并且LFOC和POC对土壤呼吸的贡献更大。
- Abstract:
- Soil aggregates and aggregates have the important effect on soil fertility, soil quality and the sustainable utilization of soil. In this paper, in order to study the effect of land use types on stability of soil aggregates and soil respiration in Northern China, we took soil samples from five land use types which are secondary forest, artificial forest, shrubland, farmland and orchard, then we got the proportion of large macroaggregates(>2 mm), small macroaggregates(0.25～2 mm), microaggregates(53 μm～0.25 mm)and silt+clay(<53 μm)by wet sieving method and measured soil respiration. The results showed that soil respiration increased at first and then decreased over the months, and got the peak in July, after July, soil respiration decreased sharply, soil respiration decreased in the order: secondary forest>artificial forest>shrubland>farmland>orchard, and there was no significant difference in soil respiration between farmland and orchard (p>0.05); soil total organic carbon(TOC), particulate organic carbon(POC)and light component organic carbon(SLOC)were significantly affected by different land use types, which decreased in the order: secondary forest>artificial forest>shrubland>farmland>orchard. Reclamation of woodland will lead to fragmentation of macroaggregates and deterioration of soil structure, respectively. Changing the sloping farmland to abandoned land, led to the conversion of soil fraction from silt +clay to large macroaggregates and small macroaggregates, and could improve the soil structure. We found the MWD and GWD in farmland were significantly lower than those in woodland (p<0.05), while the MWD and GWD increased significantly (p<0.05)after changing the sloping farmland to abandoned land, which indicated that reclamation of woodland could lead to the decrease of stability of soil aggregates. In addition, correlation and regressive analysis showed that >0.25 mm WAS, MWD, GMD and soil respiration were significantly (p<0.01 )related to TOC, LFOC, and POC. More significant correlations between POC and >0.25 mm WAS, MWD and GMD with greater coefficients were founded, suggesting that soil particulate organic C plays a more important role in maintaining soil aggregate stability and soil respiration.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-02-28 修回日期:2019-03-23
资助项目:国家林业局948项目“基于LiDAR系统的森林资源调查技术引进”(2014-4-27);河北省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学研究青年项目(SQ171077)
第一作者:王芸(1980—),女,河北定州人,博士,讲师,研究方向:3S技术在资源环境中的应用。E-mail:Wang_yunn80@126.com