LI Enhui,MU Yangyang,HE Yanan,et al.Effects of Wheat/Alfalfa Intercropping Systems on Soil Moisture and Water Utilization Efficiency[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(01):54-58,65.
小麦和苜蓿套作种植对土壤水分及作物水分利用效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Wheat/Alfalfa Intercropping Systems on Soil Moisture and Water Utilization Efficiency
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)01-0054-05
- Keywords:
- intercropping; soil moisture; water use efficiency; wheat; alfalfa
- 分类号:
- S54; S344.3; S152.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 在山西省中南部,为探究小麦单作、苜蓿单作和小麦苜蓿间套作不同作物生长期土壤剖面水分变化,分析了各处理的阶段性土壤剖面耗水状况及其各处理的系统作物水分利用效率的差异。结果表明:3月中旬和10月上旬不同处理平均土壤含水量均高于6月下旬,且不同生长期土壤含水量和土壤储水量大小顺序均为小麦单作>小麦苜蓿间套作>苜蓿单作。在小麦和苜蓿共同生长期(3—6月份)内小麦苜蓿间套作群体生物量(产量)5 742.64 kg/hm2比小麦单作提高了17.67%,较苜蓿单作提高了44.07%,且小麦苜蓿间套作系统水分利用效率27.38 kg/(mm·hm2)较小麦单作和苜蓿单作水分利用效率分别提高了16.98%和62.38%。在3—10月小麦苜蓿间套作生物量(产量)8 036.17 kg/hm2较小麦单作和苜蓿单作生物量(产量)分别提高了41.17%和31.49%,其水分利用效率15.73 kg/(mm·hm2)较小麦单作降低了30.80%,但较苜蓿单作提高了30.08%。在苜蓿单独生长期(6—10月份),苜蓿单作生物量(产量)比小麦和苜蓿共同生长期(3—6月份)减少了28.60%,间套作中苜蓿的生物量(产量)比小麦和苜蓿共同生长期(3—6月份)增加了5.11%。研究结果表明小麦和苜蓿间套作种植具有提高阶段性系统水分利用效率的优势。
- Abstract:
- A study on changes in soil moisture and water use efficiency of wheat monoculture, alfalfa monoculture and wheat/alfalfa intercropping system in different growing stages was conducted in mid-southern Shanxi Province in 2017. Meanwhile, the water consumption status and the differences of water use efficiency of systematic crops in different treatments were analyzed. The results showed that the average soil water contents of different treatments in mid-March and early October were higher than those in late June, and the soil moisture contents and the soil water storage in different growth periods decreased in the order: wheat monoculture>wheat/alfalfa intercropping> alfalfa monoculture; in wheat and alfalfa growth period(from March to June), wheat/alfalfa intercropping biomass(5 742.64 kg/hm2)increased by 17.67% compared with wheat monoculture, and increased by 44.07% compared with alfalfa monoculture, and the water use efficiency of wheat/alfalfa intercropping [27.38 kg/(mm·hm2)] was 16.98% and 62.38% higher than that of wheat monoculture and alfalfa monoculture; from March to October, Compared with biomass of wheat monoculture and alfalfa monoculture, biomass(8 036.17 kg/hm2)of wheat/alfalfa intercropping increased by 41.17% and 31.49%, respectively, and the water use efficiency [15.73 kg/(mm·hm2)] of wheat/alfalfa intercropping reduced by 30.80% compared with wheat monoculture, but increased by 30.08% compared with alfalfa monoculture. In alfalfa growth alone(from June to October), biomass of wheat and alfalfa growth period was 28.6% higher than that of alfalfa monoculture, and the biomass of intercropped alfalfa was 5.11% higher than that of the growing period of wheat monoculture and alfalfa monoculture. It is concluded that wheat/alfalfa intercropping can significantly improve the water use efficiency in the system.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-03-04 修回日期:2019-03-13
资助项目:山西省留学回国人员资助项目(0503,02040067);河南商丘农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站开放课题“小麦/苜蓿间作农田土壤水分、养分循环规律研究”(CNERN-SQ-2017-10)
第一作者:李恩慧(1994—),女,甘肃白银人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业生态与土壤学方面研究。E-mail:2680743237@qq.com
通信作者:张晓红(1976—),女,河北承德人,博士,副教授,主要从事农业生态与土壤方面研究。E-mail:zhx_1976@163.com