PU Jialin,LIU Liang.Hydrology Functions and Decomposition Characteristics of Litter in Subtropical Forest[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):165-170.
亚热带森林凋落物分解特征及水文效应
- Title:
- Hydrology Functions and Decomposition Characteristics of Litter in Subtropical Forest
- 分类号:
- S715
- 摘要:
- 为了研究亚热带森林凋落物的分解特征及其水文效应，连续12个月采用凋落物分解网袋法研究了栲树（Castanopsis fargesii）、青冈（Cyclobalanopsis glauca）、枫香（Liquidambar formosana）、马尾松（Pinus massoniana）凋落物分解残留率、分解率、分解模型及水文特征。结果表明：（1）亚热带森林凋落物未分解层均占总厚度的一半以上，凋落物总厚度大小排序为栲树 > 青冈 > 枫香 > 马尾松，凋落物总蓄积量大小排序为栲树 > 青冈 > 枫香 > 马尾松，栲树最大（22.3 t/hm2），马尾松最小（7.2 t/hm2）。（2）亚热带森林凋落物半分解层和未分解层最大持水量、最大持水率、自然含水率、有效拦蓄率和有效拦蓄量均表现出一致的变化趋势，基本表现为栲树 > 青冈 > 枫香 > 马尾松，并且未分解层高于半分解层，有效拦蓄量深度表现为栲树 < 青冈 < 枫香 < 马尾松，栲树和青冈拦蓄能力较强。（3）观测期内凋落物分解残留率均呈"急剧降低-平缓-缓慢降低"的变化趋势。凋落物急剧降低期约出现在凋落物分解的前1~2个月内，之后有2~3个月的平缓期，随后出现缓慢降低的趋势。对不同分解历时的凋落物分解残留率均表现为栲树 < 青冈 < 枫香 < 马尾松。（4）凋落物分解半衰期分别表现为栲树（2.65） < 青冈（2.97） < 枫香（3.54） < 马尾松（5.98），阔叶植物凋落物分解半衰期和分解50%和95%所需时间明显小于针叶植物。（5）凋落物持水率与分解残留率呈现正相关关系（p<0.05），凋落物持水率与分解残留率符合线性模型；土壤含水率与凋落物持水率呈现正相关关系（p<0.05），土壤含水率与凋落物持水率符合反函数模型。综合分析表明，阔叶凋落物分解率明显高于针叶林。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore hydrology functions and decomposition characteristics of litter in subtropical forest, the method of leaf litter decomposition bag was used to study the litter decomposition residual rate, decomposition rate, regression model and hydrographic trait in the decomposition process. The dominant tree species (Castanopsis fargesii, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Liquidambar formosana, Pinus massoniana) were selected as the research samples. The results showed that:(1) the thickness of under-composed layer was more than half than that of total litter thickness, and semi-decomposed layer was more than half than that of total litter thickness, which showed the sequence:Castanopsis fargesii > Cyclobalanopsis glauca > Liquidambar formosana > Pinus massoniana, and the total volume of litter decreased in the order:Castanopsis fargesii (22.3 t/hm2) > Cyclobalanopsis glauca > Liquidambar formosana > Pinus massoniana (7.2 t/hm2); (2) the maximum capacity of soil moisture, the maximum rate of soil moisture, natural moisture rate, the effective rate of interception and the effective capacity of interception decreased in the sequence:Castanopsis fargesii > Cyclobalanopsis glauca > Liquidambar formosana > Pinus massoniana with under-composed layer>semi-decomposed layer; (3) the decomposition residue rate of litter presented the trend of ‘sharp decrease-gentle decrease-slow decrease’, the sharp decline of litter occurred in the first 1~2 months of litter decomposition, a gradual decomposition occurred in 2~3 months, followed by a slow decomposition. The decomposition residual rates of litter in different decomposition periods increased in the order:Castanopsis fargesii < Cyclobalanopsis glauca < Liquidambar formosana < Pinus massoniana; (4) the half-life of decomposition of litter increased in the order:Castanopsis fargesii < Cyclobalanopsis glauca < Liquidambar formosana < Pinus massoniana, and the half-life of decomposition of broadleaf plants was lower than those of the conifer plants; (5) the water holding rate of litter was positively correlated with the decomposition residue rate (p<0.05), and the water holding rate and decomposition residue rate of litter could be described by the linear model; there was a positive correlation between soil moisture content and litter water holding rate (p<0.05). Totally, the decomposition rate of broadleaf litter was higher than that of coniferous forest.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-11-20;改回日期:2019-01-04。
基金项目:江西省研究生创新专项资助项目（YC2013-B029）；国家自然科学基金（31560150）
作者简介:蒲嘉霖(1985-),女,甘肃陇南人,硕士,讲师,主要从事水文与水资源研究。E-mail:Jialin_puu@163.com