[1]李小娟,张莉,张紫萍,等.高寒草甸生物结皮发育特征及其对土壤水文过程的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(06):139-144.
　LI Xiaojuan,ZHANG Li,ZHANG Ziping,et al.Characteristic of Biological Soil Crust and Its Effects on Hydrological Processes in Alpine Meadow[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):139-144.
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高寒草甸生物结皮发育特征及其对土壤水文过程的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 26 期数: 2019年06期 页码: 139-144 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-10-17
Title:
Characteristic of Biological Soil Crust and Its Effects on Hydrological Processes in Alpine Meadow
作者:
李小娟1, 张莉3, 张紫萍5, 王冬6, 李英年2,4, 李茜2, 宋明华7, 李以康2, 周华坤2, 杨永胜2,4
1. 青海民族大学, 西宁 810007;
2. 中国科学院 西北高原生物研究所 青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室, 西宁 810001;
3. 西宁市测绘院, 西宁 810000;
4. 中国科学院 高原生物适应与进化重点实验室, 西宁 810001
Author(s):
LI Xiaojuan1, ZHANG Li3, ZHANG Ziping5, WANG Dong6, LI Yingnian2,4, LI Qian2, SONG Minghua7, LI Yikang2, ZHOU Huakun2, YANG Yongsheng2,4
1. Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China;
3. Xining Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xining 810000, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
关键词:
退化程度; 高寒草甸; 生物结皮; 发育特征; 土壤水分
Keywords:
degradation degree; alpine meadow; biological soil crusts; development characteristics; soil moisture
分类号:
S812.1;S152
摘要:
为了明确不同退化程度高寒草甸生物结皮发育特征及其对土壤水文过程的影响，以三江源泽库高寒草甸生物结皮为研究对象，分析了不同退化程度（原生植被、轻度退化、中度退化及重度退化）高寒草甸生物结皮的优势种、盖度、厚度、容重及其对土壤水分入渗、蒸发的影响。结果表明：（1）不同退化程度泽库高寒草甸生物结皮以苔藓结皮为主，其优势种为土生对齿藓。原生植被至轻度退化阶段，生物结皮盖度、厚度无显著变化。至中度退化阶段，生物结皮容重无显著变化，其盖度、厚度分别较轻度退化样地分别下降74.85%，35.49%（p<0.05）。至重度阶段，生物结皮完全消失。（2）生物结皮对高寒草甸土壤水分入渗、蒸发过程无显著影响。覆盖和移除生物结皮处理初始入渗速率分别为0.20，0.22 mm/s，二者稳定入渗速率均为0.03 mm/s；覆盖和移除生物结皮处理平均土壤日蒸发量分别为1.79，1.78 mm/d。研究结果可为该区域其他生物结皮的相关研究提供数据基础。
Abstract:
In order to understand the characteristics of biological soil crusts (BSCs) and their effects on hydrological processes in different degraded alpine meadows, BSCs in Zeku alpine meadow in the headwater region of three rivers were taken as research samples, the dominant species, coverage, thickness and bulk density of BSCs of alpine meadows at different degradation degrees[native vegetation(NV), light degradation (LD), middle degradation (MD) and severe degradation (SD)] and their effects on soil water infiltration and evaporation were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) the dominant style of BSCs of alpine meadow at different degradation degrees was moss crust whose dominant species was Didymodon vinealis (Brid.) Zand; from NV to LD period, the coverage and thickness of BSCs had no significant difference, to MD period, the bulk densities of BSCs had no significant difference, the coverage and thickness of BSCs significantly reduced by 74.85%, 35.49%, respectively, compared that of LD (p<0.05). To SD period, BSCs completely disappeared; (2) BSCs had no significant effects on the soil water infiltration and evaporation process in alpine meadow; the initial infiltration rates of BSC cover and removal were 0.20, 0.22 mm/s, respectively, both of these steady infiltration rates were 0.03 mm/s, and average daily evaporation amounts of BSC cover and removal was 1.79, 1.78 mm/d, respectively. These results can provide the basic data for related research about BSCs in alpine meadow.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2019-01-01;改回日期:2019-01-17。
基金项目:中国科学院西部之光项目（B类）"三江源退化高寒草甸恢复过程中的水分效应研究"；国家重点研发计划子课题（2017YFA0604801，2017YFA0604801，2016YFC0501802）；青海省科技厅基础研究项目（2019-ZJ-7073）；青海省青年基金（2016-ZJ-923Q，2016-ZJ-943Q）；青海省科技基础条件平台项目（2018-ZJ-T09）；青海省创新平台建设专项（2017-ZJ-Y20）；国家自然基金面上项目（41877547）
作者简介:李小娟(1970-),女,陕西凤翔人,硕士,副教授,主要从事逆境生理与分子生物学研究。E-mail:chouerli@126.com
通讯作者:杨永胜(1987-),男,甘肃兰州人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事高寒草地土壤水分及水循环研究。E-mail:ysyang@nwipb.cas.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01