[1]杨敏,赵西宁,高晓东,等.黄土高原人工林深层土壤水分利用研究[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(06):100-106.
　YANG Min,ZHAO Xining,GAO Xiaodong,et al.Deep Soil Moisture Use of Planted Forests in the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):100-106.
点击复制

黄土高原人工林深层土壤水分利用研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 26 期数: 2019年06期 页码: 100-106 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-10-17
Title:
Deep Soil Moisture Use of Planted Forests in the Loess Plateau
作者:
杨敏1,2, 赵西宁1,3,4, 高晓东1,3,4, 杨世伟3
1. 西北农林科技大学 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
4. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
YANG Min1,2, ZHAO Xining1,3,4, GAO Xiaodong1,3,4, YANG Shiwei3
1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
4. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
黄土高原; 人工林; 深层土壤水分; 根系; 土壤质地
Keywords:
the Loess Plateau; planted forest; deep soil moisture; roots; soil texture
分类号:
S152.7
摘要:
探讨黄土高原人工林的深层土壤水分利用状况，对该区植被恢复的可持续发展具有重要意义。以黄土高原半干旱偏旱区、半干旱区、半湿润区的刺槐林和柠条林为研究对象，通过野外实地调查，分析了不同气候区人工林0-800 cm土层土壤水分含量、深层（200-800 cm）土壤水分消耗量及土壤耗水速率，探究了不同气候区人工林对深层土壤水分的影响。结果表明：（1）3个气候区农地土壤含水量显著高于刺槐林和柠条林。刺槐林、柠条林在2个气候区0-800 cm土层的土壤水分含量变化范围分别为6.64%~11.01%，6.38%~11.41%，均在半干旱偏旱区平均土壤含水量最低。（2）刺槐林和柠条林的深层土壤耗水量、深层土壤耗水速率均以半干旱偏旱区最高，分别为：808 mm，698 mm，32.33 mm/a，31.76 mm/a。（3）人工林在半干旱偏旱区和半干旱区的植物根系较半湿润区活跃，特别是在0-300 cm土层，对土壤水分影响较大。（4）土壤质地是人工林深层土壤水分变化的重要因素之一。黏粒含量与土壤水分呈正相关，砂粒含量与土壤水分呈负相关。半干旱偏旱区、半干旱区、半湿润区的黏粒含量依次增加，砂粒含量则相反。不同气候区人工林对深层土壤水分影响不同，同时受根系和土壤质地影响较大，因此选择合理的人工植被配置模式对深层土壤水的保护和持续利用非常重要。
Abstract:
Deep soil moisture use of planted forest in the Loess Plateau is discussed in this study, which is of great significance to sustainable development of revegetation. Based on field sampling of soil moisture of deep soil layers in the stands of Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii Kom in the semi-humid zone, semi-arid zone and semi-arid/arid zone of the Loess Plateau, deep soil moisture consumption and deep soil moisture consumption rate were calculated to analyze the effect of afforestation on deep soil moisture in different climate zones. The results are as follows. (1) The soil moisture content of farmland is significantly higher than that of Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii Kom. in different climate zones. Mean soil moisture contents in the depth of 0-800 cm of Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii Kom. range from 6.64% to 11.01%, from 6.38% to 11.41%, respectively; with the lowest in the semi-arid/arid zone. (2) The deep soil moisture consumption and deep soil moisture consumption rate in the stands of Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii Kom. are 808 mm, 698 mm and 32.33 mm/a, 31.76 mm/a, respectively. (3) Roots of the planted forests in semi-arid and semi-arid/arid zones are significantly active than those in semi-humid zones, especially in the depth of 0-300 cm layers, which has the great influence on soil moisture. (4) Soil texture is one of key factors affecting deep soil moisture status of planted forests. Soil moisture is positively correlated with the clay and silt contents and negatively correlated with sand content. The clay content increases gradually in semi-arid/arid zone, semi-arid zone and semi-humid zone, while the sand content is opposite. Afforestation has different impacts on deep soil moisture in different climate zones, and the deep soil moisture is greatly influenced by roots and soil texture. Thus, it is very important to choose the suitable vegetation arrangement pattern to protect and sustainably utilize the deep soil moisture.

参考文献/References:

[1] Chen L, Wei W, Fu B, et al. Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China:review and perspective[J]. Progress in Physical Geography, 2007,31(4):389-403.
[2] 李玉山.黄土区土壤水分循环特征及其对陆地水分循环的影响[J].生态学报,1983,3(2):91-101.
[3] Yang F, Feng Z, Wang H, et al. Deep soil water extraction helps to drought avoidance but shallow soil water uptake during dry season controls the inter-annual variation in tree growth in four subtropical plantations[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017,234/235:106-114.
[4] Jian S, Zhao C, Fang S, et al. Effects of different vegetation restoration on soil water storage and water balance in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2015,206:85-96.
[5] Wang S, Fu B, Piao S, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2015,9(1):38-41.
[6] Feng X, Fu B, Piao S, et al. Revegetation in China's Loess Plateau is approaching sustainable water resource limits[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2016,6(11):1019-1022.
[7] 王志强,刘宝元,张岩,等.不同退耕还林类型对厚层黄土剖面水分含量的影响[J].地理学报,2008,63(7):703-713.
[8] 陈洪松,王克林,邵明安,等.黄土区人工林草植被深层土壤干燥化研究进展[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):155-161.
[9] 张晨成,邵明安,王云强,等.黄土区切沟对不同植被下土壤水分时空变异的影响[J].水科学进展,2016,27(5):679-686.
[10] 郭忠升,邵明安.黄土丘陵半干旱区柠条林锦鸡儿人工林对土壤水分的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(12):1-7.
[11] 王力,邵明安,李裕元.陕北黄土高原人工刺槐林生长与土壤干化的关系研究[J].林业科学,2004,40(1):84-91.
[12] 王志强,刘宝元,刘刚,等.黄土丘陵区人工林草植被耗水深度研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2009,39(9):1297-1303.
[13] Yang L, Wei W, Chen L, et al. Spatial variations of shallow and deep soil moisture in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2012,16(9):3199-3217.
[14] Adams W A. The effect of organic matter on the bulk and true densities of some uncultivated podzolic soils[J]. Journal of Soil Science, 1973,24(1):10-17.
[15] 杨文治.黄土高原土壤水资源与植树造林[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):433-438.
[16] 杨磊,卫伟,莫保儒,等.半干旱黄土丘陵区不同人工植被恢复土壤水分的相对亏缺[J].生态学报,2011,31(11):3060-3068.
[17] Duan L, Huang M, Zhang L, et al. Differences in hydrological responses for different vegetation types on a steep slope on the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2016,537:356-366.
[18] Gao X, Li H, Zhao X, et al. Identifying a suitable revegetation technique for soil restoration on water-limited and degraded land:Considering both deep soil moisture deficit and soil organic carbon sequestration[J]. Geoderma, 2018,319:61-69.
[19] Wang Y, Shao M, Zhu Y, et al. Impacts of land use and plant characteristics on dried soil layers in different climatic regions on the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011,151(4):437-448.
[20] 索立柱,黄明斌,段良霞,等.黄土高原不同土地利用类型土壤含水量的地带性与影响因素[J].生态学报,2017,37(6):2045-2053.
[21] Li L, Gao X, Wu P, et al. Soil water content and root patterns in a rain-fed jujube plantation across stand ages on the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2017,28:207-216.
[22] 王迪海,赵忠,李剑.土壤水分对黄土高原主要造林树种细根表面积季节动态的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(7):819-826.
[23] Collins D B G, Bras R L. Plant rooting strategies in water-limited ecosystems[J]. Water Resources Research, 2007,43(6):1-10.
[24] Jackson R B, Mooney H A, Schulze E D. A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997,94(14):7362-7366.
[25] Oliveira R S, Bezerra L, Davidson E A, et al. Deep root function in soil water dynamics in cerrado savannas of central Brazil[J]. Functional Ecology, 2005,19(4):574-581.
[26] Fang X, Zhao W, Wang L, et al. Variations of deep soil moisture under different vegetation types and influencing factors in a watershed of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2016,20(8):3309-3323.
[27] 兰志龙,潘小莲,赵英,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用模式对深层土壤含水量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(3):847-855.
[28] 程积民,万惠娥,王静,等.半干旱区柠条林生长与土壤水分消耗过程研究[J].林业科学,2005,41(2):37-41.
[29] Liang H, Xue Y, Li Z, et al. Soil moisture decline following the plantation of Robinia pseudoacacia forests:Evidence from the Loess Plateau[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2018,412:62-69.

相似文献/References:

[1]白桦,穆兴民,王双银.水土保持措施对秃尾河径流的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):40.
　BAI Hua,MU Xing-min,WANG Shuang-yin.Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on River Flow of Tuwei River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(06):40.
[2]杨国安,徐勇,郭腾云.基于脆弱性和可持续生计视角的黄土高原生态环境治理研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):64.
　YANG Guo-an,XU Yong,GUO Teng-yun.Eco-environmental Construction on the Loess Plateau Based on the Perspective of the Vulnerability and Sustainable Livelihoods Approaches[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(06):64.
[3]肖培青,姚文艺,张海峰.黄土高原植被固土减蚀作用研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):282.
　XIAO Pei-qing,YAO Wen-yi,ZHANG Hai-feng.Research Progress of the Role of Vegetation in Soil Conservtion and Soil Erosion Reduction on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):282.
[4]马芹,张晓萍,万龙,等.黄土高原河龙区间最大日雨量(PMP)极值拟合及时空演变特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):71.
　MA Qin,ZHANG Xiao-ping,WAN Long,et al.Fitting of the PMP Values and Identifying Its Spatiotemporal Characteristics in the Helong Section on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):71.
[5]卓玛兰草,刘普幸,张亚宁,等.甘肃黄土高原区潜在蒸散量时空变化与成因研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):70.
　ZHUO Malancao,LIU Pu-xing,ZHANG Ya-ning,et al.Study on Temporal and Spatial Changes of the Potential Evapotranspiration and Its Impact Factors in Loess Plateau of Gansu Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):70.
[6]施宇,温仲明,龚时慧,等.黄土丘陵区植物功能性状沿气候梯度的变化规律[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):107.
　SHI Yu,WEN Zhong-ming,GONG Shi-hui,et al.Trait Variations along a Climatic Gradient in Hilly Area of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):107.
[7]穆兴民,陈国良,徐学选.黄土高原降水量与地理因素关系分析[J].水土保持研究,1992,(02):80.
　Mu Xingmin,Chen Guoliang,Xu Xuexuan.ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRECIPITATION AND GEOGRAPICAL FACTORS IN LOESS PLATEAU[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1992,(06):80.
[8]刘静.数字化地形模型（DTM）在水土保持中的应用[J].水土保持研究,1992,(02):96.
　Liu Jeng.ESTABLSHING AND APPLICATION OF DTM FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1992,(06):96.
[9]赵安成.陇东黄土高原沟壑区典型小流域治理模式剖析[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(01):45.
　Zhao Ancheng.Analysis of Control Models of Typical Small Watershedin Gully Area of Loess Plateau, the East Part of Gansu Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(06):45.
[10]吴钦孝,汪有科,韩冰,等.黄土高原水土流失区的林草资源和植被建设[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):2.
　Wu Qinxiao,Wang Youke,Han Bing,et al.Forest and Grassland Resources and Vegetation Construction in The Soil and Water Loss Region of The Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(06):2.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2018-12-24;改回日期:2019-01-16。
基金项目:十三五国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400204；2017YFC0403605）；国家自然科学基金（41571506，41771316，51579212）；陕西省重点科技创新团队计划（2017KCF-15）
作者简介:杨敏(1993-),女,四川成都人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业水土资源利用与保护。E-mail:yangmin@nwafu.edu.cn
通讯作者:赵西宁(1976-),男,陕西渭南人,博士,研究员,主要从事农业水土资源高效利用研究。E-mail:xiningz@aliyun.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01