CHEN Yitong,XIONG Kangning,XIAO Shizhen,et al.Spatiotemporal Change of Landscape Pattern and Driving Factor in Chishui Danxia Property of China Danxia World Natural Heritage[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(06):314-321.
中国丹霞赤水世界自然遗产景观格局时空演变及驱动因素分析
- Title:
- Spatiotemporal Change of Landscape Pattern and Driving Factor in Chishui Danxia Property of China Danxia World Natural Heritage
- Keywords:
- landscape pattern; spatiotemporal change; driving factor; Chishui of China Danxia; World Natural Heritage
- 分类号:
- P901
- 摘要:
- 为了研究中国丹霞赤水世界自然遗产的景观格局，利用GIS，ENVI和景观格局分析软件FRAGSTATS，分析了遗产地及缓冲区2001年、2010年、2016年3个关键时期的景观格局及其演变规律，揭示了中国丹霞赤水世界自然遗产不同发展阶段景观格局变化特征，进一步探讨了景观格局变化的影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）研究区自2001年以来，各类景观均处于动态变迁过程，林地景观为研究区的优势景观，一直占研究区整体面积的80%以上，16年间，林地、灌丛、建筑用地、裸地和水体的面积净增加，耕地面积净减少；（2）景观动态变化度在2001—2010年较大，林地景观面积比例增加了6.98%，耕地面积比例减少了8.4%，面积减少了近一半，有44%的耕地面积和64.35%灌丛面积转入林地景观，景观格局破碎化程度大幅下降；（3）2010—2016年景观动态变化度相对较小，林地面积比例下降了1.22%，耕地面积比例增加了1%，建筑面积持续增加；建设用地转出率最高，其次是裸地，景观类型的丰富度有所上升，景观格局破碎化程度稍有加深；（4）除了生态系统的自然演化外，退耕还林政策、城镇一体化建设、高速交通建设是研究区景观格局变化的主要驱动因素，旅游增长和开发对研究区的景观格局影响相对较小。
- Abstract:
- In order to study the landscape pattern of Chishui Danxia Property of China Danxia World Natural Heritage, using GIS, ENVI and landscape pattern analysis software FRAGSTATS, we analyzed landscape pattern and its evolution law of the heritage sites and the buffer zone in the three key period of 2001, 2010 and 2016, revealed the characteristics of landscape pattern in the different development stages of Chishui Danxia Property of China Danxia World Natural Heritage, further discussed the influence factors of landscape pattern change. The results show that: (1) Since 2001, all kinds of landscape of the research area have been in the process of dynamic change, and forestland landscape is the dominant landscape of research area, which has occupied more than 80% of the research area, in the 16 years, the area of forestland, shrub and grass land, construction land, bare land and water body present the net increase, and the cultivated land area present the net decrease; (2) The landscape dynamic change degree in the 2001—2010 was larger, and the forestland landscape area ratio had increased by 6.98%, the cultivated land area ratio had decreased by 8.4% and the area had reduced by nearly a half, and 44% of the cultivated land area and 64.35% of the shrub and grass land area had been transferred to the forestland. The degree of landscape fragmentation had fallen sharply; (3) During 2010—2016, the landscape dynamic change degree was relatively small, and that the area ratio of forestland had decreased by 1.22%, the cultivated land area ratio had increased by 1%, and the construction area continued to increase; the transfer rate of construction land was highest, followed by bare land; the richness degree of landscape type had increased, the degree of landscape fragmentation had slightly risen; (4) In addition to the natural evolution of the ecological system, the policy of returning farmland to forest, urban construction, highway traffic construction are the main driving factors on landscape pattern change of research area, and tourism growth and development have relatively little impact on the landscape pattern.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-12-16;改回日期:2018-01-16。
基金项目:贵州省研究生教育创新计划项目（黔教研合GZS字[2016]04号）；国家世界遗产保护发展项目（20121121）；国家重点研发计划项目子课题（2016YFC0502606-01）；国家工程技术研究中心组建项目（2012FU125X13）；贵州省国内一流学科建设项目（黔教科研发[2017]85号）
作者简介:陈奕彤(1985-),女,四川成都人,硕士研究生,研究方向为世界遗产保护与管理。E-mail:chenyitongtt@163.com
通讯作者:熊康宁(1958-),男,重庆忠县人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事喀斯特地貌与洞穴、资源与环境、石漠化生态治理、世界遗产申报与保护研究。E-mail:xiongkn@163.com