CHEN Shifa,BAI Yonghui,DAI Jinmei,et al.Effect of Poor Household’s Livelihood Behavior on Soil and Water Losses—Comparative Study on the Mountainous of Northern Guangdong Province and Western of Fujian Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(06):203-210.
贫困农户生计行为对水土流失影响——基于粤北和闽西的对比研究
- Title:
- Effect of Poor Household’s Livelihood Behavior on Soil and Water Losses—Comparative Study on the Mountainous of Northern Guangdong Province and Western of Fujian Province
- Keywords:
- participatory rural appraisal; pressure-status-response model; mountainous of northern Guangdong Province; mountainous of western Fujian Province; soil and water loss; household’s livelihoods
- 分类号:
- F323.22;S157.1
- 摘要:
- 农户是水土流失的承受体，也是水土保持的受益体。为研究不同区域的贫困农户生计行为对水土流失的影响，以粤北山区与闽西山区农户为研究对象，采用参与式农村评估（PRA）调查贫困农户生计行为对水土流失的影响，建立了压力—状态—响应（PSR）模型，分析了对水土流失的影响。研究表明：（1）粤北山区与闽西山区的纯农户对水土流失影响的PSR值高于兼业农户，粤北山区农户行为对水土流失影响的压力值高于闽西山区，但状态值与响应值低于闽西山区，使PSR值低于闽西山区；（2）闽西山区水土流失治理时间长，政府对水土保持宣传力度大，使农户参与水土保持的积极性高，造成PSR值高于粤北山区；（3）粤北山区贫困农户生计行为对水土流失影响的压力大，农户对水土流失认知程度不足，水土保持意识低；闽西山区贫困农户行为对水土流失影响压力相对较小，农户对水土流失具有一定的认知程度，且具有一定的水土保持意识。
- Abstract:
- Farmers are the objects in relation to soil erosion and the benefit of soil and water conservation. In order to study the effect of the household’s livelihood behavior on the soil erosion in different regions, we focused on the mountainous of northern Guangdong Province and western of Fujian Province under poor stress. A participatory rural assessment (PRA) was used to investigate the effects of household’s livelihood behavior on soil erosion, and to establish the pressure-state-response (PSR) model to analyze the effects of household’s livelihood behavior on soil erosion. The results were as follows. (1) PSR value of soil erosion affected by pure household was higher than the part-time household. The stress value of household’s livelihood behavior of northern Guangdong Province was higher than western Fujian Province, but the state value and response value were lower than those in the western Fujian Province, and the PSR value in the northern Guangdong Province was lower than that in the western Fujian Province. (2) the long-term soil erosion control and the government propaganda campaign were sufficient, so that the household participation in soil and water conservation and the consciousness of soil and water conservation were higher than those of northern Guangdong Province. (3) Poor household’s livelihood behavior stress of the northern mountain Guangdong Province influence of soil erosion was significant, and household’s cognition of soil erosion was insufficient, and the consciousness of soil and water conservation was low, but the household’s pressure of western mountain of Fujian Province on soil erosion was relatively small, they had certain cognition of soil erosion in some degree, and had a certain sense of soil and water conservation.
参考文献/References:
[1] 王鹏,黄贤金,张兆干,等.江西红壤区农业产业政策改革的农户行为响应与水土保持效果分析:以江西省上饶县村庄及农户调查为例[J].地理科学,2004,24(3):326-332.
[2] 邬震,黄贤金,章波,等.江西红壤区农户水土保持行为机理:以兴国县为例[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版,2004,3(5):370-377.
[3] 李虹,章政,田亚平.南方丘陵区水土保持中的农户行为分析:以湖南省衡南县为例[J].农业经济问题,2005,26(2):62-65.
[4] 陈世发,刘文.基于PRA的农户行为与水土流失耦合关系研究:以粤北岩溶山区为例[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):254-258.
[5] 陈世发,查轩.基于PSR模型的粤北山区农户行为对水土流失的影响研究[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(3):242-248.
[6] Lin B S, Thomas K, Chen C K, et al. Evaluation of soil erosion risk for watershed management in Shenmu watershed, central Taiwan using USLE model parameters[J]. Paddy & Water Environment, 2016,14(1):19-43.
[7] Adimassu Z, Kessler A, Yirga C, et al. Farmers’ perceptions of land degradation and their investments in land management:a case study in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia.[J]. Environmental Management, 2013,51(5):989-998.
[8] Teshome A, De G J, Kassie M. Household-level determinants of soil and water conservation adoption phases:Evidence from North-Western Ethiopian Highlands.[J]. Environmental Management, 2016,57(3):620-636.
[9] Okoba B O, Sterk G. Farmers’ identification of erosion indicators and related erosion damage in the Central Highlands of Kenya[J]. Catena, 2006,65(3):292-301.
[10] Okou F A Y, Tente B, Bachmann Y, et al. Regional erosion risk mapping for decision support:A case study from West Africa[J]. Land Use Policy, 2016,56:27-37.
[11] Kennedy N, Amacher G S, Alexandre R. Adoption of soil and water conservation practices in central Haiti[J]. Journal of Soil & Water Conservation, 2016,71(2):83-90.
[12] Das A, Ghosh P K, Lal R, et al. Soil quality effect of conservation practices in maize-rapeseed cropping system in Eastern Himalaya[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2017,28(6):1862-1874.
[13] Bogunovic I, Pereira P, Kisic I, et al. Tillage management impacts on soil compaction, erosion and crop yield in Stagnosols (Croatia)[J]. Catena, 2018,160:376-384.
[14] 彭建,吴健生,潘雅婧,等.基于PSR模型的区域生态持续性评价概念框架[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(7):933-940.
[15] 杨志,赵冬至,林元烧.基于PSR模型的河口生态安全评价指标体系研究[J].海洋环境科学,2011,30(1):139-142.
[16] Ricaurte L F, Wantzen K M, Agudelo E, et al. Participatory rural appraisal of ecosystem services of wetlands in the Amazonian Piedmont of Colombia:elements for a sustainable management concept[J]. Wetlands Ecology & Management, 2014,22(4):343-361.
[17] Menconi M E, Grohmann D, Mancinelli C. European farmers and participatory rural appraisal:A systematic literature review on experiences to optimize rural development[J]. Land Use Policy, 2017,60:1-11.
[18] 赵丽,朱永明,付梅臣,等.主成分分析法和熵值法在农村居民点集约利用评价中的比较[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(7):235-242.
[19] 梁变变,石培基,王伟,等.基于RS和GIS的干旱区内陆河流域生态系统质量综合评价:以石羊河流域为例[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(1):199-209.
[20] 张晨,王清,陈剑平,等.金沙江流域泥石流的组合赋权法危险度评价[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):831-836.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-01-05;改回日期:2018-01-19。
基金项目:广东省教育厅青年创新人才项目（2015KQNCX148）；韶关市哲学社科项目（G2017017）；广东省哲学社会科学规划项目（GD17CGL13）；广东省教育厅项目（2016WTSCX107）
作者简介:陈世发(1984-),男,湖南平江人,讲师,博士,主要从事农户行为与水土流失研究。E-mail:sgxycsf@163.com