JIAO Quan,DAI Quanhou,NIE Linhong,et al.Effect of Different Vegetation Types on Water Storage in the Source Functional Area of Maotai Town, Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(05):199-204,210.
贵州茅台水源功能区不同植被类型的蓄水效应
- Title:
- Effect of Different Vegetation Types on Water Storage in the Source Functional Area of Maotai Town, Guizhou Province
- Keywords:
- water function areas; impoundment effect; vertical analysis; vegetation type; Maotai town of Guizhou Province
- 分类号:
- S715.2
- 摘要:
- 森林植被层次结构对区域的蓄水保土功能具有重要的影响，对维护区域生态平衡也具有重要的意义。以贵州茅台水源功能区为研究对象，采用野外调查及室内分析相结合的方法，分析不同植被类型的蓄水效应，探讨防护林、水源涵养林的最优搭配层次结构。结果表明：随日降雨量增大，不同植被类型冠层截留量呈增加趋势，截留率呈相对减少趋势，树干茎流量和茎流率有所增加，且存在树干茎流产流降雨临界值，其中竹林为12.5 mm，针阔混交林与马尾松林均为14.5 mm，柏木林为18.5 mm；不同植被类型枯落物最大持水量平均值乔木林为26.14%，灌丛为9.26%，竹林为7.33%，草地为6.93%。研究揭示林分结构越复杂，蓄水效应越显著；在自然立地条件下，贵州茅台水源功能区乡土树种造林最优层次结构为针阔混交林+铁仔灌丛+白茅草丛。
- Abstract:
- The hierarchical structure of different forest vegetation has an important influence on the function of water storage and soil conservation, and it also has important significance for maintaining regional ecological balance. This paper takes the water source function area of Maotai in Guizhou Province as the research site. We used the method of field investigation and indoor analysis to analyze the storage effect of different vegetation types, and to discuss the optimal collocation hierarchy of shelterbelt and water conservation forest. The results showed that the canopy interception of different vegetation types increased with the increase of daily rainfall, the interception rate showed a relative decreasing trend, and the stem flow rate and stem flow were increased, and the critical values of runoff and rainfall were found in the bamboo 12.5 mm, the needle-broad mixed forest and the Pinus massoniana 14.5 mm, the Cupressus funebris 18.5 mm. The maximum water holding capacity of different vegetation types showed that the arbor forest was 26.14%, the shrub was 9.26%, the bamboo grove was 7.33%, and the grassland was 6.93%. The study revealed that the more complex the forest structure was, the more remarkable the water storage effect was. Under the natural site condition, the most optimal level structure of the native tree species in the source functional area of Maotai in Guizhou is Pinus massoniana or Cupressus funebris and Choerospondias axillaris or others mixed forest + Myrsine african+ Imperata cylindrica.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-11-29;改回日期:2017-12-10。
基金项目:贵州茅台科技联合基金“退化植被生态功能评价及生态修复技术与示范研究”（黔科合茅科联字〔2009〕7007）
作者简介:焦权(1988-),男,贵州习水人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail:994561560@qq.com
通讯作者:戴全厚(1969-),男,陕西长武人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事水土保持与生态恢复重建研究。E-mail:qhdairiver@163.com