XU Zehua,HAN Mei,ZHANG Guangcai,et al.Spatiotemporal Distribution of the Precipitation and Its Impact Factors in Shandong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(03):272-278.
山东降水时空分布变化及其影响因素
- Title:
- Spatiotemporal Distribution of the Precipitation and Its Impact Factors in Shandong Province
- Keywords:
- Shandong Province; trend analysis; mutation test; wavelet analysis
- 分类号:
- P467
- 摘要:
- 基于山东省18个气象台站1981-2010年30年逐日降水资料，利用反距离加权、Mann-Kendall非参数检验法、皮尔逊相关系数和小波分析等方法，综合起来对30 a来山东地区降水的时空分布特征及其影响进行了研究。结果表明：空间分布上，泰山、日照和石岛地区为多雨区，年降水量达740 mm以上；莘县、惠民县和东营等地为少雨区，年降水量500~550 mm。降水量沿海大于内陆，山区大于平原。时间分布上，年降水量呈现上升趋势，沿海地区降水上升幅度普遍大于内陆地区，其中威海上升幅度最大，高达9.71 mm/a。分季节来看，春夏季和全年保持一致，降水呈上升趋势，秋冬季部分站点呈现下降趋势，其中秋季最为明显，东南沿海和鲁南地区出现大面积负值区。突变检验可以看出，在1997年左右山东年降水量有一次显著的突然上升的过程。分析表明，山东地区降水变化与南方涛动和东亚夏季风之间有相似的震荡周期，在空间上存在一定的响应关系，但存在明显的区域差异。
- Abstract:
- Based on the daily precipitation data of 18 meteorological stations in Shandong Province from 1981 to 2010, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Mann-Kendall nonparametric test method, Pearson correlation coefficient and wavelet analysis were used to comprehensive study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation in recent 30 years in Shandong. The results show that, with respect to spatial distribution, Taishan, Rizhao and Shidao region are the rainy areas, the annual rainfall is 740 mm or more; Shenxian, Huimin County and Dongying and other places are the less rainy areas, the annual rainfall in the 500~550 mm or so. Precipitation is greater in the coastal areas than that in the inland, it is greater in mountain than the plain. In the time distribution, the annual precipitation showed the upward trend, and the increase of precipitation in coastal areas was generally greater than that in inland areas, of which the largest increase was observed in Weihai, up to 9.71 mm/year. With respect to the seasons, the spring and summer are consistent with the whole year, the precipitation presented the rising trend, and the precipitation in some parts in the autumn and winter showed the downward trend, which was most obvious in autumn, a large negative value was found in the southeast coast and southern Shandong. The mutation test showed that there was the sudden increase in annual precipitation in Shandong in 1997. The analysis showed that the precipitation change in Shandong had the similar oscillation cycle with the southern oscillation and east Asian summer monsoon, and there was certain response in space, but there was an obvious regional difference.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-06-14;改回日期:2017-07-24。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41371517）；山东省科技攻关计划（2013GSF11706）
作者简介:徐泽华(1994-),男,山东嘉祥人,硕士研究生,研究方向:水文水资源。E-mail:944571456@qq.com
通讯作者:韩美(1963-),女,山东寿光人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向:资源与环境。E-mail:hanmei568568@126.com