YANG Yonghong,WANG Fei,CAO Xiuwen,et al.Surface Cover and Soil Hydrological Characteristics of Alpine Timberline Ecotone in the Upper Reaches of Bailongjiang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):145-150.
甘南白龙江上游高山林线过渡区地被物及土壤水文特性
- Title:
- Surface Cover and Soil Hydrological Characteristics of Alpine Timberline Ecotone in the Upper Reaches of Bailongjiang River
- 分类号:
- S714
- 摘要:
- 以甘南白龙江上游高山林线区域为研究对象，采用样方调查和室内试验分析的方法，研究了高山林线区域地被物和土壤的持水特性，结果表明：（1）白龙江上游高山林线不同区域地被物总蓄积量在37.33~127.28 t/hm2，林线上最小，林线下最大，林线区域和林线下相差不大；地被物不同成分中枯落物分解层的蓄积量最大，占总蓄积量的一半以上；林线下地被物的最大持水量和最大持水率最大，林线上地被物的最大持水量和最大持水率最小。（2）土壤容重随着土层深度变化而增加，林线上土壤容重的变化最大，在0-10 cm土壤容重最小为0.56 g/cm3，在20-40 cm土壤容重最大为1.12 g/cm3，非毛管孔隙度的变化与土壤容重的变化相反，随着土层的增加非毛管孔隙度减小，林线下表层土壤非毛管孔隙度最大为8.07%，林线上表层土壤非毛管孔隙度为6.27%。（3）林线0-10 cm的初渗率最大，平均入渗率也最大，林线上的初渗率最小，土壤初渗率、稳渗率、平均渗透率随着土层深度的变化基本一致，土壤持水率与时间进行回归拟合，二者存在着幂函数关系，符合关系式Y=atk。
- Abstract:
- The surface cover and soil hydrological characteristics of alpine timberline ecotone in the upper reaches of Bailongjiang River were studied with the survey of community plots and laboratory analysis methods in the report. The result showed that:(1) the total volume of surface cover varied from 37.33 t/hm2 to 127.28 t/hm2 in the different areas in the upper reaches of Bailongjiang River, it reached the minimum above the timberline, it reached the maximum under the timberline; the timberline area was no different from the below timberline; the volume of the litter decomposition layer in the surface cover was the largest, it accounted for more than half of total volume; the maximum water holding capacity and specific retention of the surface cover under the timberline were the maximal, instead, they reached the minimum above the timberline; (2) soil bulk density increased significantly with the depth of the soil layer; the change of soil bulk density above the timberline was the maximal; the soil bulk density in 0-10 cm soil layer was 0.56 g/cm3, which reached the minimum, and it was 1.12 g/cm3 in 20-40 cm of soil layer, which reached the maximal; however, the change of non-capillary porosity appeared the diametric trend, non-capillary porosity decreased significantly with the depth of the soil layer; non-capillary porosity of surface soil under the timberline was 8.07%,which reached the maximal; and it was 6.27% above the timberline, which reached the minimum; (3) initial infiltration rate and average infiltration rate were all the largest in 0-10 cm soil layer in the timberline, it reached the minimum above the timberline; the change of initial infiltration rate, final infiltration rate and average infiltration rate were all basically consistent with the changes of the soil layer depths. The result showed that the relation between the specific retention of the surface cover and the immersing time followed the power function. It was expressed as the equation:Y=atk.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-5-18;改回日期:2017-6-8。
基金项目:甘肃省林业科技项目（2015kj048，2015kj051，2016kj058，2016kj062，2016kj063）
作者简介:杨永红(1968-),男,甘肃陇南人,本科,高级工程师,主要从事林业土壤研究。E-mail:173763825@qq.com
通讯作者:曹秀文(1964-),男,甘肃民乐人,本科,正高级工程师,主要从事林业生态研究。E-mail:1336190642@qq.com