SU Yuan,WANG Zhijie.Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Vegetation Cover of Southern Shaanxi in Recent 20 Years Based on RS and GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):250-256.
基于遥感和GIS的陕南地区近20年植被覆盖时空变化特征
- Title:
- Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Vegetation Cover of Southern Shaanxi in Recent 20 Years Based on RS and GIS
- 分类号:
- Q948;TP75
- 摘要:
- 植被覆盖是区域生态系统环境变化的重要指标。为了揭示陕南地区植被覆盖变化特征，基于遥感和GIS技术，以Landsat TM遥感影像为主要数据源，对陕南地区1995—2014年近20年间不同植被覆盖等级时间变化特征、空间分布特征和内部转移特征进行了分析。结果表明：（1）近20年的植被覆盖状况良好，整体上以高植被覆盖度（> 75%）为主，随时间变化高植被覆盖度所占面积呈增加趋势，其他植被覆盖度等级面积呈波动减少；（2）不同植被覆盖等级空间分布特征差异明显。水平方向上，表现为1995—2005年是以中高植被覆盖度（60%～75%）为主，主要分布在汉中市，2005年之后以高植被覆盖度（> 75%）为主，主要分布在安康市和汉中市。垂直方向上，表现为海拔 > 1 000 m的低中山区和高山区以高覆盖度（> 75%）为主，低山区（500～1 000 m）以中等、中高覆盖度（45%～75%）为主，海拔 < 500 m的丘陵以低、中低和中等覆盖度（< 60%）为主，即随海拔升高植被覆盖等级随之增加；（3）近20年不同植被覆盖等级之间变化过程频繁，但植被覆盖整体上呈现“恢复—退化—恢复”的变化趋势，这与陕南地区社会经济发展、生态环境建设与保护以及人类活动等因素密切相关。
- Abstract:
- Vegetation cover is an important indicator of regional ecosystem environment change. In order to explore the characteristics of vegetation cover of Southern Shaanxi, using the Landsat TM images and DEM date, we analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of vegetation cover based on RS and GIS. The results showed that:(1) the vegetation cover in recent 20 years was in good condition, high vegetation coverage (> 75%) was the predominance and high vegetation coverage increased over time, the other levels of vegetation coverage decreased; (2) the spatial distribution characteristics of different vegetation coverage were obvious, in horizontal direction, vegetation cover mainly presented medium high vegetation coverage(60%～75%) in 1995—2005, distributing in Hanzhong; after 2005, high vegetation coverage(> 75%) was the predominance, mainly distributing in Ankang and Shanglou; in the vertical direction, high coverage (> 75%) at the elevation of > 1 000 m, medium and high coverage(45%～75%) at the elevation between 500 meters and 1 000 meters, low and medium coverage(60%) at the elevation of < 500 meters were the predominance, repectively, which indicated that coverage levels increased along with the elevations of vegetation; (3) the process of different vegetation coverage changed frequently in recent 20 years, but vegetation coverage presented the trend of ‘recovery-restored-recovery’ on the whole, which was related to social and economic development, concept of ecological environment and human activities.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-3-8;改回日期:2017-4-20。
基金项目:贵州省科技支撑计划项目“基于多光谱遥感的喀斯特高原典型植物群落定量识别分类综合技术研究”（黔科合支撑[2017]2854）；镇宁县城城市绿地系统遥感勘察项目（701231172201）
作者简介:苏嫄(1986-),女,陕西延安人,助理实验师,硕士,主要从事区域资源环境监测与评价的研究。E-mail:ysu@gzu.edu.cn
通讯作者:王志杰(1986-),男,甘肃会宁人,副教授,博士,主要从事区域资源环境监测与评价、遥感与GIS应用研究。E-mail:zjwang3@gzu.edu.cn