CHU Chunjie,ZHOU Jinfeng.Soil Physicochemical Properties and Quality Assessment in the Hilly Upland Around Pingdingshan Coal Mining Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):104-110.
平顶山矿区丘陵坡地土壤理化性质及质量评价
- Title:
- Soil Physicochemical Properties and Quality Assessment in the Hilly Upland Around Pingdingshan Coal Mining Area
- Keywords:
- upland soil; soil physicochemical properties; heavy metal pollution; soil quality; hilly; Pingdingshan coal mining area
- 分类号:
- S153
- 摘要:
- 以平顶山矿区丘陵坡地土壤为供试材料，通过采样、测试分析，分析了坡面不同海拔与矿区下风向不同距离处土壤的理化性质及重金属Cu，Zn，Cr，Ni和Pb含量，并采用熵权TOPSIS法进行土壤质量评价。结果表明：（1）不同海拔坡面土壤中的砂粒含量显著高于黏粒，其中矿区附近砂粒含量最高而黏粒含量最低，矿区以上砂粒减少而黏粒增多，且在近坡顶附近最高。矿区附近坡面土壤呈碱性，矿区以上海拔高于356 m的坡面土壤呈酸性，且随海拔上升而酸性增强。土壤电导率、有机质、速效磷、全磷与速效磷含量在矿区附近含量最高，矿区以上坡面最低，但在近坡顶附近略有富集。土壤全氮沿坡面波动较大，但近坡顶附近富集明显。全钾与碱解氮在矿区附近含量最低，近坡顶附近最高。（2）矿区下风向距离矿区越近，砂粒含量越高，黏粒含量越低，反之则砂粒含量趋于减小，而黏粒含量趋于增大。土壤pH值、电导率、有机质、全氮及全磷随距离增大而减小，全钾、碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾在距离矿区100～200 m的范围内含量最高，之后趋于波动性减小。（3）不同海拔下，矿区周边坡面土壤质量较好，坡底附近一般，而矿区以上则较差；矿区下风向随着距离增大，土壤质量趋于波动性变差。其质量变化除了与土层浅薄及土壤自身特点有关以外，还主要与矿区长期的煤炭开采活动对周边土壤的扰动及其释放的粉煤灰、粉尘、重金属元素等的坡面径流迁移、高空气流传输、地形阻滞、沉降有关，而且与耕地农业活动也有一定关系。
- Abstract:
- Soils in the hilly upland in Pingdingshan coal mining area were selected as test samples, soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Pb at different altitudes and different distances from the mining area downwind were investigated by means of sampling, experimental analysis. The upland soil quality was evaluated by method of Entropy Weight-TOPSIS. The results are showed as follows. (1) Sand content in different altitude slope soil was significantly higher than clay, in which the sand content of soil near the mining area was the highest but the clay content was the lowest. On the upland above the mining area, sand content of soil reduced, but clay increased and reached up to the highest near the slope top. The soil on the slope was alkaline near the mining area, however, the soil at the altitude above 356 meters was acidic, and the acidity increased with the increase of altitude. Soil electrical conductivity, contents of organic matter, available K, total P and available P contents around the mining area were the highest, but slightly enriched near the slope top; total N fluctuated greatly along the upland, but significantly enriched near the slope top. The contents of total K and alkali solution N were the lowest near the mining area, were the highest near the top. (2) The closer the distance from the mining zone off the wind direct was, the higher the sand grain content was, and the lower the clay content was; otherwise, sand content tended to decrease, while clay content tended to increase. Soil pH value, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total N and total P decreased with the increase of distance. The highest concentrations were found within the range from 100 to 200 meters off the wind direct, and followed by the fluctuant decrease with the increase of distance. (3) At different altitudes, the soil quality around the mining zone was better than that of the slope bottom, especially, poor above the mining zone. The soil quality tended to become worse with the increase of the distance off the wind direct. The variety of soil quality were not only related to the shallow soil and soil characteristics in mining area, but also mainly associated with the soil disturbance by long-term coal mining activities, the slope runoff migration, high altitude air transmission, terrain block and deposition of the fly ash, dust and heavy metal elements released by mining activities. In addition, soil quality also had a certain relationship with the farmland agricultural activities.
参考文献/References:
[1] 祝宇成,王金满,白中科,等.采煤塌陷对土壤理化性质影响的研究进展[J].土壤,2016,48(1):22-28.
[2] 张发旺,侯新伟,韩占涛,等.采煤塌陷对土壤质量的影响效应及保护技术[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(3):67-70.
[3] 姚国征,丁国栋,臧荫桐,等.基于判别、因子分析的采煤沉陷风沙区土壤质量评价[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(7):200-207.
[4] 马迎宾,黄雅茹,王淮亮,等.采煤塌陷对土壤水分损失影响及其机理研究[J].土壤学报,2014,51(3):497-504.
[5] Monokrousos N, Boutsis G, Diamantopoulos J D. Development of soil chemical and biological properties in the initial stages of post-mining deposition sites[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014,186(12):9065-9074.
[6] 孙贤斌,李玉成.淮南大通煤矿废弃地土壤重金属空间分布及变异特征[J].地理科学,2013,33(10):1238-1244.
[7] 程静雯,聂小军,刘昌华.煤炭开采沉陷区土壤有机碳空间变化[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(12):2495-2500.
[8] 王卓理,马建华,耿鹏旭,等.平顶山市煤矿塌陷区复垦土壤重金属分布及污染分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(4):668-672.
[9] 楚纯洁,周金风.平顶山矿区丘陵坡地土壤重金属分布及污染特征[J].地理研究,2014,33(7):1383-1392.
[10] 程林森,雷少刚,卞正富.半干旱区煤炭开采对土壤含水量的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(2):219-223.
[11] 何金军,魏江生,贺晓,等.采煤塌陷对黄土丘陵区土壤物理特性的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,35(12):92-96.
[12] 栗丽,王曰鑫,王卫斌.采煤塌陷对黄土丘陵区坡耕地土壤理化性质的影响[J].土壤通报,2010,41(5):1237-1240.
[13] 黄翌,汪云甲,王猛,等.黄土高原山地采煤沉陷对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(1):228-235.
[14] 石占飞,王力.神木矿区土壤重金属含量特征及潜在风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1150-1158.
[15] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[16] 刘畅,邢兆凯,刘红民,等.辽西低山丘陵区不同农林复合模式土壤质量评价[J].土壤通报,2014,45(5):1049-1053.
[17] 张彬,杨联安,冯武焕,等.基于改进TOPSIS和COK的土壤养分综合评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(7):180-185.
[18] 张明华,郑元文.近10年来山东省区域经济发展差异时空演变及驱动力分析[J].经济地理,2013,33(1):79-85.
[19] 杜挺,谢贤健,梁海艳,等.基于熵权TOPSIS和GIS的重庆市县域经济综合评价及空间分析[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):40-47.
[20] 冯跃华,胡瑞芝,张杨珠,等.几种粉煤灰对磷素吸附与解吸特性的研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(9):1756-1760.
相似文献/References:
[1]李品荣,孟广涛,李国昌.不同土地利用方式下土壤地力变化和水土流失状况研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):95.
LI Pin-rong,MENG Guang-tao,LI Guo-chang.Study on Land Capacity Change and Soil Erosion on Different Landuse Types[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):95.
[2]韩磊,郑佳丽,贺康宁,等.青海省大通县退耕还林对土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):100.
HAN Lei,ZHENG Jia-li,HE Kang-ning,et al.Effect of Returning Farmland into Forest on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Datong County of Qinghai Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):100.
[3]李银科,刘世增,刘虎俊,等.石羊河流域中下游沙漠-河岸过渡带土壤特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):29.
LI Yin-ke,LIU Shi-zeng,LIU Hu-jun,et al.Study on Soil Characteristics of Desert-riverside Ecotone in Middle and Lower Reaches of Shiyang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):29.
[4]田雨,庄莹,曹义,等.雾灵山低山区土地利用类型对土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):41.
TIAN Yu,ZHUANG Ying,CAO Yi,et al.Effects of Land Uses on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Hilly Areas of Wuling Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):41.
[5]李品荣,孟广涛,方向京,等.滇中不同植被恢复模式下土壤肥力变化趋势研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):90.
LI Pin-rong,MENG Guang-tao,FANG Xiang-jing,et al.Study on Change Trends of Soil Fertility under Different Vegetation Recovery Modes in Central Yunnan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):90.
[6]陈家栋,潘宝宝,张金池,等.广东大宝山矿区土壤重金属含量及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):237.
CHEN Jia-dong,PAN Bao-bao,ZHANG Jin-chi,et al.Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soils of Dabaoshan Mine and Their Affecting Factors, Guangdong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):237.
[7]田红卫,黄志荣,高照良,等.高速公路路域土壤特性分析及其质量评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):59.
TIAN Hong-wei,HUANG Zhi-rong,GAO Zhao-liang,et al.Assessment of Soil Properties and Quality of the Freeway in Road Area of Highway[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):59.
[8]陈雪龙,王晓龙,齐艳萍.大庆龙凤湿地土壤理化性质与硒元素分布关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):159.
CHEN Xue-long,WANG Xiao-long,QI Yan-ping.Correlation between Soil Properties and Distribution of Selenium in Soil in Longfeng Wetland of Daqing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):159.
[9]张洋,刘华,王得祥,等.商洛地区不同林龄油松人工林土壤理化性质研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):82.
ZHANG Yang,LIU Hua,WANG De-xiang,et al.Study on Soil Physicochemical Properties along Forest Age of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):82.
[10]韦大山,方凤满,杨仲元.黄山风景区步道土壤理化性质变化特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):175.
WEI Da-shan,FANG Feng-man,YANG Zhong-yuan.Analysis on the Change of Soil Physico-chemical Properties of Trails in Huangshan Scenery District[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):175.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-1-5;改回日期:2017-4-4。
基金项目:河南省科技攻关计划项目（152102310202）；河南省科技厅基础与前沿技术项目（152300410172）；平顶山学院高层次人才科研启动基金（PXY-BSQD-2017004）
作者简介:楚纯洁(1978-),男,河南叶县人,博士,副教授,主要从事自然地理、生态环境演变及质量评价研究。E-mail:zzfccj@163.com