JIANG Yuhao,LIU Pengju,XIA Zhiwu,et al.Study on the Feasibility of PRISM in Spatial Interpolation of Rainfall in Complex Terrain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):57-61,71.
PRISM模型在复杂地形月降雨空间插值中的可行性研究
- Title:
- Study on the Feasibility of PRISM in Spatial Interpolation of Rainfall in Complex Terrain
- Keywords:
- PRISM; complex terrain; DEM; rainfall; spatial interpolation
- 分类号:
- P457.6
- 摘要:
- 降雨是重要的林业气象数据，如何在复杂地形环境下获取高精度的降雨数据对于研究森林生态与环境具有重要意义。以北京西北山区为例，利用PRISM模型、DEM和山地自动气象站点数据等，综合考虑海拔、坡向、距离等多种影响因子，对降雨量进行了空间插值研究，并使用GDAL输出含有地理信息的降雨分布图。为比较PRISM插值结果，对所用气象站点数据进行交叉验证，交叉验证得到的MAE为1.68 mm，RMSE为2.26 mm，同时高海拔地区插值精度较低海拔地区有所降低。为进一步体现PRISM方法的优越性，将其与常用的IDW插值、Kriging插值、Spline插值和Trend插值结果进行了比较。结果表明，基本所有的插值方法得到的结果都表现为降雨随高程的增加而增加，PRISM的结果最为详细，IDW和Kriging插值结果次之，Spline相对较差，甚至出现负值，Trend结果一般，缺少细节反映。结合七个验证站点数据对比，更加说明了使用PRISM模型得到的插值结果更加接近实测数据。这些结果都说明，在复杂地形条件下，PRISM比其他插值方法更能精确地表达降雨空间分布。
- Abstract:
- Rainfall is one of the important forestry meteorological data, and how to obtain high-precision rainfall data in complex terrain environment is of great significance for the study of forest ecology and environment. Considering the impact brought by elevation, slope and distance factors, a new meteorology based on PRISM was supposed to interpolate the spatial distribution of rainfall with DEM and data of automatic weather stations in northwest of Beijing, and output the results in GDAL. We used the method of cross-validation to validate the precision of results, and the MAE is 1.68 mm, RMSE is 2.26 mm, while the interpolation precision of high altitude is less than that of the low altitude. To further demonstrate the superiority of PRISM, the results were also compared with common methods, such as IDW, Kriging, Spline and Trend. The results showed most of the results obtained by interpolation methods had shown that rainfall increased with elevation, and the results of PRISM were the most detailed, while the results of IDW and Kriging come next, but Spline was poor, or even had negative values. As for trend, the results were ordinary, and lacked of the detail. Compared with data of seven verification stations, the conclusion further illustrated that the results of PRISM were closer to the field measured data. These results showed that PRISM was more accurately than other interpolation methods to express the spatial distribution of rainfall under the complex terrain conditions,.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-1-15;改回日期:2017-4-5。
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（IFRIT201502）
作者简介:蒋育昊(1991-),男,河南商丘人,硕士研究生,研究方向为地理信息系统开发与应用。E-mail:Jiang_yuhao163@163.com
通讯作者:刘鹏举(1973-),男,陕西周至人,博士,副研究员,从事林业GIS研究。E-mail:liupeng@caf.ac.cn