基于光能利用率模型的松嫩平原玉米单产估算

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 24 期数: 2017年05期页码: 385-390 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-10-28

Title:: Maize Yield Estimation Based on Light Efficiency Model in Songnen Plain, Northeast China

作者:: 史晓亮¹, 杨志勇², 王馨爽³, 薛羽梅¹, 刘峰¹; 1. 西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054;
2. 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所, 北京 100038;
3. 国家测绘地理信息局陕西基础地理信息中心, 西安 710054

Author(s):: SHI Xiaoliang¹, YANG Zhiyong², WANG Xinshuang³, XUE Yumei¹, LIU Feng¹; 1. College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China;
2. Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
3. Shannxi Geomatics Center of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Xi’an 710054, China

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分类号:: S127

摘要:: 区域作物产量估测对于农业用地管理、粮食安全和宏观调控具有重要意义。以中国重要的玉米主产区之一松嫩平原为研究区，利用2001—2013年长时间序列遥感和气象数据，基于光能利用率模型估算玉米生育期5—9月累积地上生物量，进而根据地面实测的玉米收获指数校正，建立了研究区玉米单产估算模型。结果表明：该模型估算结果达到了大范围估产的精度要求；2001—2013年松嫩平原年均玉米单产为12 397.44 kg/hm²，总体呈增加趋势。该区玉米单产空间分布差异显著，总体为西低东高。从玉米单产年际变化的空间分布来看，研究区91.7%的区域玉米单产均有所增加，尤其是在松嫩平原西部的白城、齐齐哈尔等地，增产趋势更为明显。松嫩平原南部地区玉米单产与降水间具有显著的正相关性，但与气温呈负相关性，而研究区其他地区玉米单产与降水和气温相关性不明显。

Abstract:: Regional estimation of crop yield is critical for many applications such as agricultural land management, food security and macro-control. In the paper, the accumulated aboveground dry biomass in maize growing season from May to September every year were estimated using the long time sequenced remote sensing and meteorological data from 2001 to 2013 based on light use efficiency. Finally, we built the estimation model of maize yield through converting the calculated ground dry biomass to yield by harvest index. The results showed that the estimated yields can meet the precision requirements for estimating crop yield on a great scale, and it was feasible to predict maize yield by crop biomass based on remote sensing. Average annual maize yield from 2001 to 2013 was 12 397.44 kg/hm² in Songnen Plain, and the maize yield had increased over recent decades. There was significant spatial difference of maize yield, and the yield of the eastern part of the study area was higher than that of the western part. The spatial distribution of change trend of maize yield in study area from 2001 to 2013 was analyzed, which showed that about 91.7% of the study area presented an increasing yield trend, especially in the west of study area including Baicheng, Qiqihar, etc., where significant increase in maize yield had been seen. The maize yield had a significant positive correlation with the precipitation, and it had an obvious negative with temperature in the southern part of Songnen Plain.However, the maize yield had no obvious relationship with precipitation and temperature in the other area of the plain.

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更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01