BU Jianxia,YE Gongfu,YOU Longhui,et al.Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield of Different Land Use Patterns in Changting County， Fujian Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(04):1-5.
福建省长汀县不同土地利用方式降雨产流产沙特征
- Title:
- Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield of Different Land Use Patterns in Changting County， Fujian Province
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 摘要:
- 通过布设标准径流小区，定位监测2014年长汀水土保持科教园不同土地利用方式的降雨和产流产沙特征，并对其进行了回归分析。结果表明：年径流深大小依次为自然裸露坡面模式（403 mm） > 人工播草模式（93.7 mm） > 农田管理模式（92 mm） > 封禁管理模式（75.2 mm） > 马尾松纯林（69.6 mm） > 果园管理模式（60.8 mm），年土壤流失量大小依次为自然裸露坡面模式（30.97 t/hm2） > 农田管理模式（5.44 t/hm2） > 封禁管理模式（2.71 t/hm2） > 马尾松纯林（2.43 t/hm2） > 果园管理模式（1.6 t/hm2） > 人工播草模式（0.47 t/hm2）；小雨和中雨是主要的下雨类型，中雨和暴雨是造成水土流失的主要降雨类型；降雨量和I30是与产流产沙相关性相对较强的两个降雨因子；自然裸露地和封禁管理模式的径流深—降雨量线性回归拟合效果较好，其他模式均表现为较好的幂函数回归；除了人工播草模式外，其他土地利用模式的径流深—土壤流失量线性回归拟合效果均较好。相较于其他土地利用方式，果园管理模式的水土保持效益较好。
- Abstract:
- The characteristics of rainfall and runoff and sediment yield of different land use patterns in Changting Soil and Water Conservation Science Park in 2014 were analyzed by setting the standard runoff plot. The results showed that the annual runoff decreased in the sequence: natural slopes model (403 mm) > artificial grass pattern (93.7 mm) > farmland management mode (92 mm) > banned management model (75.2 mm) > pure forest of Pinus massoniana (69.6 mm) > orchard management model (60.8 mm). Annual soil loss decreased in the order: natural bare slopes mode (30.97 t/hm2) > farmland management mode (5.44 t/hm2) > banned management model (2.71 t/hm2) > pure forest of Pinus massoniana (2.43 t/hm2) > orchard management mode (1.6 t/hm2) > artificial grass model (0.47 t/hm2). Rain is the main reason for soil erosion, the main types of rainfall causing soil and water losses are rain and torrential rain; rainfall and I30 are the key factors relatively correlating with runoff. The relationship between runoff depth and rainfall could be well fitted by linear regression in natural bare land and banned the management mode. The relationship between runoff depth and rainfall could be well described by power function in the other management modes. In addition to the artificial grass model, the relationship between runoff depth and soil loss in other land use patterns could be well fitted by using linear regression. Compared with other land use types, benefit of soil and water conservation was the best in the orchard management mode.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-11-14;改回日期:2016-11-25。
基金项目:福建红壤区生态修复和持续经营关键技术集成与示范（2014BAD15B00）；福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室项目
通讯作者:叶功富(1966-),男,福建省福州市人,博士,教授级高级工程师,从事沿海防护林研究。E-mail:yegongfu@126.com