WANG Jiayun,ZHANG Chenghang,GAO Bo,et al.Spatial Distribution and Type Classification of Super Large Landslides in Shaanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):359-364.
陕西省特大型滑坡空间分布规律与类型划分
- Title:
- Spatial Distribution and Type Classification of Super Large Landslides in Shaanxi Province
- Keywords:
- super-large landslide; spatial distribution regular; slope structure type; type classification
- 分类号:
- P642.22
- 摘要:
- 特大型滑坡空间分布规律及其类型划分是研究其形成机理、致灾模式与风险减缓对策的重要基础。通过遥感解译、野外调查与解剖勘查等手段，查明陕西省特大型滑坡空间上具有明显的分布规律：在地貌上主要分布于关中盆地黄土塬边44处，其次是黄土梁峁、丘陵区22处，秦岭北坡6处，汉中盆地中低山区6处；在构造单元上分布于包括秦岭北坡断裂带在内的关中断陷盆地72处，汉中断陷盆地6处；在斜坡结构类型上，主要分布于黄土+泥岩型斜坡41处，其次为黄土+基岩型斜坡11处、黄土+红黏土型斜坡9处。特大型滑坡在空间分布上受活动断裂、地貌单元与斜坡结构类型的控制，不同区域发育特大型滑坡类型不同，特大型滑坡类型划分为宝鸡黄土塬边黄土—泥岩顺层型、灞桥白鹿塬边黄土—红黏土逆层型、蓝田横岭地区黄土—红黏土接触面型、关中盆地渭北地区黄土—基岩接触面型、陇县北部及韩城黄土梁峁区岩土混合型以及秦岭北坡与陕南“勉略宁”地区的堆积层型、顺向或块状岩质型滑坡等。
- Abstract:
- The spatial distribution and type classification of super large landslides can provide the basis for research on the formation mechanism, disaster-causing mode and risk mitigation strategy of super large landslides in Shaanxi Province. For seeking the spatial distribution regular and reasonable type classification of super large landslides in Shaanxi province, the statistics and analysis for the number and distribution according to physiognomy, tectonic unit and structure type of slopes were made based on remote sensing interpretation, field survey and investigation. The statistics result indicates that according to the physiognomy, 44 super large landslides are along the margin of loess tablelands, 22 ones lie in the loess hill ridge areas, 6 ones are locate in the north of Qinling Mountains, and 6 ones scatter in the mountain areas with middle and low heights in the west of Hanzhong sinking basin;on the basis of the tectonic units, 72 ones lie in the Guanzhong sinking basin including the northern Qinling fault belt, where the active faults develop, and 6 ones are in the Hanzhong sinking basin; in the light of the structure types of slopes, 41 ones develop in the slopes with structure of loess-mudstone, as well as 11 ones in the slopes with structure of loess-bedrock and 9 ones in the slopes with structure of loess-red clay. It proves that the spatial distribution regular of super large landslides in Shaanxi Province was controlled by the active faults, physiognomy and the structure types of slopes; and that the types of super large landslides are different with distribution areas, so the types of super large landslides in Shaanxi were classified into six ones, including bedding landslide with loess-mudstone along the margin of Baoji loess tableland, inversion layer landslide with loess-red clay along the margin of Bailuyuan loess tableland in Baqiao, and interface landslide with loess-red clay.
参考文献/References:
[1] 徐邦栋.滑坡分析与防治[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001.
[2] 杨喜成,李彦斌,胡康记,等.陕西省区域环境地质调查报告(1:500000)[R].陕西省地质矿产勘查开发局第二水文地质工程地质队,2000.
[3] 胡广韬.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[4] 王泰书,王敏霞.对铜川市川口滑坡的研究[J].陕西煤炭技术,1999(4):11-15.
[5] 陕西省宝鸡峡工程指挥部.宝鸡峡引渭灌溉工程技术总结[M].陕西省宝鸡峡工程指挥部,1974.
[6] 胡广韬.宝鸡-常兴黄土原边滑坡原因与因素的历史转化性[J].西安地质学院学报,1986,8(4):23-27.
[7] 李滨,殷跃平,吴树仁,等.多级旋转黄土滑坡基本类型及特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(5):703-711.
[8] 辛鹏,吴树仁,石菊松,等.渭河中游宝鸡-扶风北岸斜坡结构及其对大型滑坡形成机理的指示意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2013,43(2):506-514.
[9] 赵法锁,毛彦龙.西安灞河左岸滑坡发育的阶段性及形成主因的历史转化[J].西安地质学院学报,1995,17(3):37-42.
[10] 刘传正,张明霞,邹正盛.宝鸡市狄家坡滑坡稳定性研究[J].工程地质学报,1998,6(2):103-113.
[11] 杨梅忠,闫嘉棋,王贵荣.陕西韩城电厂滑坡成因的探讨[J].西安矿业学院学报,1995,15(3):236-240.
[12] 许仁朝,李松山,张玉春,等.陕南斜坡稳定性研究[M].陕西渭南:陕西省地质矿产局第二水文地质工程地质队,1987.
[13] 彭建兵,张骏,苏生瑞,等.渭河盆地活动断裂与地质灾害[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1992.
[14] 甘枝茂.黄土高原地貌与土壤侵蚀研究[M].西安:陕西人民教育出版社,1990.
[15] 甘枝茂,桑广书,甘锐,等.晚全新世渭河西安段河道变迁与土壤侵蚀[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(2):129-132.
[16] 薛祥煦,李文厚,刘林玉.渭河北迁与秦岭抬升[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2002,32(5):451-454.
[17] 黄春长,庞奖励,黄萍,等.关中盆地西部黄土台塬全新世气候事件研究[J].干旱区地理,2002,25(1):10-15.
[18] 施雅风,孔昭宸,王苏民,等.中国全新世大暖期的气候波动与主要事件[J].中国科学(B辑),1992,(12):1300-1308.
[19] 吴树仁,张春山,韩金良,等.陕西省宝鸡市陇县地质灾害详细调查报告[R].中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,2007.
[20] 刘鑫,陈奇,吴树仁,等.陕西陇县李家下滑坡风险评价[J].地质通报,2008,27(6):895-903.
[21] 李昭淑,丁冰,王涛.翠华山山崩地貌奇观的成因分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(6):913-916.
[22] 吴成基,赵辉,胡炜霞,等.陕西翠华山水湫池山崩遗迹形成年代[J].山地学报,2009,27(3):349-352.
相似文献/References:
[1]仲晓雷,郭成久,范昊明,等.辽宁省不同土地利用背景下土壤侵蚀空间分布规律[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(03):217.
ZHONG Xiao-lei,GUO Cheng-jiu,FAN Hao-ming,et al.Soil Erosion Spatial Distribution of Various Land Uses in Liaoning Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(02):217.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-02-17;改回日期:2016-04-05。
基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“陕西省特大型滑坡调查与风险评价”（1212010814027），“吕梁山区城镇地质灾害调查”（DD20160276）
作者简介:王佳运(1978-),男,河南镇平县人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事地质灾害调查与研究工作。E-mail:wjy311_2000@sohu.com