XU Shaojun,LEI Shutong,ZENG Bo.Stability of Root-Fixed Soil on 4 Different Slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):119-123,131.
三峡库区4种库岸边坡的植被根系固土效应研究
- Title:
- Stability of Root-Fixed Soil on 4 Different Slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region
- Keywords:
- soil stability; anti-erodibility; anti-erosion; anti-shearing strength; root length density; soil water content
- 分类号:
- S157
- 摘要:
- 选择三峡库区无植被、草丛、灌丛及林木覆盖的4种边坡，测量了土壤表层（0—15 cm）的抗冲和抗蚀增强值，并以10 cm为单位分层获取了土壤表层（0—50 cm）的根长密度、根系生物量、土壤含水量、田间持水量、抗剪强度等指标。结果表明：（1）灌丛边坡的抗冲与抗蚀增强值均最大，显著高于草丛和林木边坡；灌丛边坡的抗剪强度值较大，裸地在10—20 cm的土层急骤增大，然后随土层深度逐渐减小，林地在最深层有着最大值。（2）3种有植被覆盖边坡的根系均集中在30 cm的表层，根长密度随着土层深度而减小；草丛和灌丛的根生物量在各层间变化不明显，林木根生物量随土层加深而迅速减小；（3）裸地的土壤含水量随着土层深度而急剧增加，林木则呈相反趋势，草丛和灌丛的变化较为平缓；灌丛的田间持水量在各层间基本保持一致，草丛和林木随着土层的加深而降低，裸地的表层田间持水量较大；（4）灌丛边坡的土体最稳定，各指标在土壤各层间较为稳定，林木和草丛边坡也有一定的稳定性，无植被覆盖的边坡稳定性最差。
- Abstract:
- In this experiment, four slopes with different vegetation covers in the Three Gorges Reservoir banks, slope without vegetation (NS), slope with grass (GS), slope with shrub (SS) and slope with forest (FS), were selected. Anti-erodibility and anti-erosion of 0—15 cm layer, as well as root length density(RLD), root biomass (RB), soil water content (SWC), field capacity (FC), anti-shearing strength(ASS) of every 10 cm soil layer were measured. The results showed that:(1) the enhanced anti-erodibility and anti-erosion value in SS were both significantly higher than those of GS and FS. ASS of the NS increased, the maximum was found at the 10—20 cm layer, and then decreased with the increase of soil depth, while that of the FS increased with the increase of soil depth; (2) the roots of the 3 types of vegetation mainly distributed in 0—30 cm layer, and RLD decreased with the increase of soil depth; the biomass of the GS and the SS changed a little among soil layers, while that of the FS decreased with the increase of soil depth; (3) the SWC of the BS increased significantly with soil depth, while that of the FS was to the contrary; the SWC of the GS and the SS changed slowly with the increase of soil depth; the FC of the SS remained stable among layers, while that of the FS and the GS decreased with the increase of soil depth; the FC of the BS decreased with the increase of soil depth, the maximum occurred at surface layer; (4) the SS had the largest soil stability, and the largest anti-erosion, anti-shearing strength, anti-penetratation strength; a bit of stability was also observed in the GS and the FS, while the worst stability occurred in the NS.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-05-03;改回日期:2016-05-17。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31500371，31370443）；河南科技大学博士科研基金（09001685）
作者简介:徐少君(1975-),男,河南省洛阳市人,博士,讲师,主要从事植物生态研究。E-mail:xushaojun@126.com