CHEN Hao,YU Yimin,TANG Xudong,et al.Effect of the Root Systems of Herbaceous Plants on Soil Anti-scourbility in the Riparian Area of Lower Reaches of Puyang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):60-63,69.
浦阳江下游江岸草本植物根系对土壤抗冲性的影响
- Title:
- Effect of the Root Systems of Herbaceous Plants on Soil Anti-scourbility in the Riparian Area of Lower Reaches of Puyang River
- Keywords:
- Puyang River; soil anti-scourbility; root density; herbaceous plants
- 分类号:
- S157
- 摘要:
- 采用7级目测法对浦阳江下游江岸草本植物进行了调研，筛选出了当地的优势草本，并对其根系密度、土壤抗冲性增强效应进行了分析，补充了植物根系对江岸土壤抗冲性影响的基础资料。研究发现：（1）浦阳江下游江岸的优势草本植物是狗牙根、水蓼、芦苇、芒、双穗雀稗；（2）5种草本植物根系（d≤1.0 mm）在土壤表层（0—30 cm）均有较多分布，根系密度随着土层的垂直分布深度增加而减少，其规律服从指数函数关系分布；（3）5种优势草本根系均能增强浦阳江下游江岸土壤的抗冲性，增强值分别如下：芦苇14.16，芒12.53，狗牙根5.39，双汇雀稗5.01，水蓼4.41。5种优势草本均能在浦阳江消落带植被构建中发挥土壤抗冲性增强效应，尤其是芦苇与芒的增强效应最为明显。
- Abstract:
- Puyang River is often affected by the flood disaster. However, herbaceous plants play a key role in control of soil erosion. In this paper, a field survey of species, relative coverage, abundance and relative height for herbaceous plants was carried out in the riparian area of lower reaches of Puyang River. The root densities of dominant plant species, enhancement values of anti-scourability by roots were studied. The results showed that:(1) Cynodon dactylon, Polygonum hydropiper, Phragmites australis, Miscanthus sinensis and Paspalum paspaloides were dominant in herbaceous plants; (2) roots with diameter less than 1 mm of 5 herbaceous plants mostly distributed in 0—30 cm soil surface layer, the root densities decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the relationship of them followed the index series relationship; (3) all the roots of 5 species had remarkable positive enhancement effects on soil anti-scouribility, and the intensified value of soil anti-scourability by root system of Phragmites australis was 14.16, 12.53 for Miscanthus sinensis, 5.39 for Cynodon dactylon, 5.01 for Paspalum paspaloides, and 4.41 for Polygonum hydropiper. In the experiment, it is suggested that these five herbaceous plants, especially Phragmites australis and Miscanthus sinensis, could enhance the soil anti-scouribility for protecting the riparian area of lower reaches of Puyang River.
参考文献/References:
[1] 李玉尚.三江闸与1537年以来萧绍平原的姜片虫病[J].中国农史,2011(4):93-106.
[2] 丁涛,胡国建,尤爱菊.钱塘江河口近年江道变化对浦阳江行洪影响研究[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(5):148-153.
[3] 胡国建,丁涛,尤爱菊,等.钱塘江洪水顶托对浦阳江洪水位的影响研究[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(11):11-14.
[4] 吴钦孝,赵鸿雁.植被保持水土的基本规律和总结[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(4):13-15.
[5] Gyssels G, Poesen J, Liu G, et al. Effects of cereal roots on detachment rates of single-and double-drilled topsoils during concentrated flow[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2006,57(3):381-391.
[6] 刘国彬.黄土高原草地土壤抗冲性及其机理研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1998,4(1):93-96.
[7] 查小春,贺秀斌.土壤物理力学性质与土壤侵蚀关系研究进展[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(2):98-104.
[8] 卢宗凡,苏敏,李够霞,等.黄土丘陵区水土保持生物和耕作措施的研究[J].水土保持学报,1988,2(1):37-48.
[9] 蒋定生,黄国俊,范兴科.黄土高原坡耕地水土保持措施效益评价试验研究(Ⅲ),坡耕地水土保持措施综合效益评价[J].水土保持学报,1990,4(4):8-13.
[10] 周佩华,武春龙.黄土高原土壤抗冲性的试验研究方法探讨[J].水土保持学报,1993,7(1):29-34.
[11] 张金池,臧廷亮.岩质海岸防护林树木根系对土壤抗冲性的强化效应[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2001,25(1):9-12.
[12] 徐少君,曾波.三峡库区5种耐水淹植物根系增强土壤抗侵蚀效能研究[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(6):13-18.
[13] 宋云.植物固土边坡稳定基本原理的研究以及固坡植物的选择设计[D].长沙:中南林学院,2005.
[14] 熊燕梅,夏汉,平一,等.植物根系固坡抗蚀的效应与机理研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(4):895-904.
[15] 强胜,李扬汉.安徽沿江圩丘农区夏收作物田杂草群落分布规律的研究[J].植物生态学报,1990,14(3):212-219.
[16] 强胜,胡金良.江苏省棉区棉田杂草群落发生分布规律的数量分析[J].生态学报,1999,19(6):810-816.
[17] 杨福囤,陆国泉,史顺海.高寒矮嵩草草甸结构特征及其生产量[J].高原生物学集刊,1985(4):49-56.
[18] 李强,刘国彬,许明祥,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒地土壤抗冲性及相关理化性质[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(10):153-159.
[19] 江锋,张俊云.植物根系与边坡土体间的力学特性研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2008,19(1):57-61.
[20] 宋云,言志信,段建.摩擦型根-土作用模型[J].岩土力学,2005(S2):171-174.
[21] 张祖荣.植物根系提高土壤抗侵蚀能力的初步研究[J].渝西学院学报:自然科学版,2002,15(1):31-35.
[22] 李勇,徐晓琴,朱显谟,等.植物根系与土壤抗冲性[J].水土保持学报,1993,7(3):11-18.
[23] 魏华炜,罗海波,张玉环.狗牙根根系分布特征及其抗拉强度试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(4):185-189.
[24] 杨丽韫,李文华.长白山原始阔叶红松林细根分布及其周转的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(2):1-5.
[25] McClaugherty C A, Aber J D, Melillo J M. The role of fine roots in the organic matter and nitrogen budgets of two forested ecosystems[J]. Ecology, 1982,63(5):1481-1490.
[26] Persson H. Root Dynamics in a Young Scots Pine Stand in Central Sweden[J]. Oikos, 1978,30(3):508-519.
[27] 李勇,吴钦孝,朱显谟,等.黄土高原植物根系提高土壤抗冲性能的研究[J].水土保持学报,1990,4(1):1-5.
[28] 朱显谟.黄土地区植被因素对于水土流失的影响[J].土壤学报,1960,8(2):110-121.
[29] 朱显谟.甘肃中部土壤侵蚀调查报告[J].土壤专报,1958,32(53):109.
[30] 李勇,朱显谟,田积莹,等.黄土高原土壤抗冲性机理初步研究[J].科学通报,1990,35(5):390-393.
[31] 文卓立,周飞.缙云山典型植物群落次生演替中土壤抗冲性研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(2):13-17.
[32] 徐文远,王晓春,刘德海.不同植物根系对土壤抗冲性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):2155-2157.
[33] 李勇,徐晓琴,朱显谟.黄土高原植物根系提高土壤抗冲性机制初步研究[J].中国科学B辑,1992(3):254-259.
[34] 毛瑢,孟广涛,周跃.植物根系对土壤侵蚀控制机理的研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(2):241-243.
[35] 卢立霞,曾波.三峡库区嘉陵江岸生优势须根系植物根系对土壤抗冲性的增强效应研究[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2006,31(3):157-161.
[36] 赵先南,萧运峰.安徽省的芒属植物资源及其开发利用[J].武汉植物学研究,1990,8(4):374-381.
[37] 陈芳清,李永,郄光武,等.水蓼对水淹胁迫的耐受能力和形态学响应[J].植物科学学报,2008,26(2):142-146
[38] Oades J M, Waters A G. Aggregate hierarchy in soils[J]. Soil Research, 1991,29(6):815-828.
相似文献/References:
[1]王忠林,李会科,贺秀贤.渭北旱塬花椒地埂林土壤抗蚀抗冲性研究[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(01):33.
WANG Zhong-lin,LI Hui-ke,HE Xiu-xian.Study on Soil Anti-erosion and Anti-scour of Prickly Ash at Edges of Terraces in Drought Upland of Weibei[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(02):33.
[2]雷俊山,杨勤科.土壤因子研究综述[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(02):156.
LEI Jun-shan,YANG Qin-ke.Summarization on Soil Factor Researches[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(02):156.
[3]文卓立,周飞.缙云山典型植物群落次生演替中土壤抗冲性研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(02):13.
WEN Zhuo-li,ZHOU Fei.Study on Soil Anti-Scourability in Secondary Succession of Typical Plant Communities in Jinyun Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(02):13.
[4]毛瑢,孟广涛,周跃.植物根系对土壤侵蚀控制机理的研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(02):241.
MAO Rong,MENG Guang-tao,ZHOU Yue.Mechanism of Plant Roots on Soil Erosion Control[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(02):241.
[5]王库.芨芨草水土保持功能的初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):157.
WANG Ku.Study of Achnatherum splendens Grass on the Function of Soil and Water Conservation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(02):157.
[6]郭宏忠,汪三树,于亚莉,等.紫色丘陵区坡耕地生物埂土壤抗冲性研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(04):206.
GUO Hongzhong,WANG Sanshu,YU Yali,et al.Study on the Soil Anti-scouribility of Bio-embankment on Slope Farmland in the Purple Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(02):206.
[7]潘德成,孙卓越,吴祥云,等.煤矿区次生裸坡土壤抗冲性的空间变异特征[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(03):82.
PAN De-cheng,SUN Zhuo-yue,WU Xiang-yun,et al.Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Anti-scouribility in Coal Mining Secondary Bare Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(02):82.
[8]肖鹏,吕刚,王洪禄,等.不同植被恢复模式对露天煤矿排土场土壤抗冲性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(06):18.
XIAO Peng,Lü Gang,WANG Honglu,et al.Effects of Different Vegetation Restoration Models on Soil Scour Resistance in Dump of Open-Pit Coal Mine[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(02):18.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-02-22;改回日期:2016-04-22。
作者简介:陈浩(1988-),男,浙江杭州人,助工,硕士,园林景观工程生态技术应用。E-mail:chenhao2055@126.com