LIU Shizeng,ZHAN Kejie,FANG Etian,et al.Research for Making Method of Helianthus annuus Stalk Sand Barrier and Its Windbreak and Sand-fixation Efficiency[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):98-101.
草基高立式葵花秸秆沙障的压制方法及防风固沙效能研究
- Title:
- Research for Making Method of Helianthus annuus Stalk Sand Barrier and Its Windbreak and Sand-fixation Efficiency
- Keywords:
- windbreak and sand fixation; Helianthus annuus stalk; sand barrier; wind velocity; sand flux
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 摘要:
- 以葵花秸秆为原材料制作机械沙障，可以将葵花秸秆变废为宝，具有良好的防风固沙效能。通过对单条草基高立式葵花秸秆沙障背风侧地表10 cm风速，多条沙障背风侧1 m，4 m处0～2 m高度内的风速廓线，风沙流流量及积沙量进行了测定，结果表明：1 m高的草基高立式葵花秸秆沙障可以明显的降低沙障背风侧15 m范围内地表0.1 m高度处的风速，风速消减率随距离的增加而逐渐减小。随着草基高立式葵花秸秆沙障条带数目的增加，风速消减率明显增加，同时风速消减率随高度增加逐渐减小，变化幅度先增加后减小。在地表0.14 m以下，单条草基高立式葵花秸秆沙障对其背风侧1 m处风沙流流量的消减率均大于98%，单条沙障就可以非常明显拦阻上风向沙物质向下输运并抑制沙障背风侧就地起沙。沙障设置后会在其两侧出现明显的积沙，积沙量最大点位于沙障附近，随着离沙障距离的增加，积沙量逐渐减低，变化趋势遵循二次多项式函数。
- Abstract:
- Making mechanical sand barrier with Helianthus annuus stalk can change waste into treasure with good windbreak and sand fixation efficiency. By measuring the wind velocity at the height of 0.1 m, the wind profiles in the scope of 0 m to 2 m, the sand flux and sand collection quantity in the leeward side of of Helianthus annuus stalk sand barrier with different distance, we found that Helianthus annuus stalk belt could decrease wind velocity at the height of 0.1 m in the leeward side of it, in the scope of 0~15 m, wind velocity decreasing efficiencies decreased with the increase of distance to the sand barrier, and increased with addition of the Helianthus annuus stalk belt number, the variation ranges increased with height first, and then decreased. Below 0.14 m, the decrease efficiency of sand flux in the spot at the leeward side with a distance of 1 m to the sand barrier was larger than 98%, single Helianthus annuus stalk belt could obstruct sand flux from windward and fix sand in location. Sand particles will deposit around the Helianthus annuus stalk sand barrier after a period of time, and the thickness of the sand deposition decreased with the increase of the distance to the sand barrier, and followed the power function.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-11-17;改回日期:2015-12-16。
基金项目:国家科技支撑（2013BAC07B00）；国家自然科学基金（41361001，31560235）；甘肃省杰出青年基金（145RJDA327）；甘肃省青年科技基金（145RJYA262）
作者简介:刘世增(1963-),男,甘肃永昌人,研究员,博士,主要从事荒漠化防治研究工作。E-mail:shzliu@126.com
通讯作者:詹科杰(1979-),男,甘肃张掖人,副研究员,在读博士,主要从事风沙两相流研究工作。E-mail:kejiezhan@aliyun.com